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ismindex.c
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1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2012 Martin Storsjo
3  *
4  * This file is part of Libav.
5  *
6  * Libav is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * Libav is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17  * License along with Libav; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
19  */
20 
21 /*
22  * To create a simple file for smooth streaming:
23  * ffmpeg <normal input/transcoding options> -movflags frag_keyframe foo.ismv
24  * ismindex -n foo foo.ismv
25  * This step creates foo.ism and foo.ismc that is required by IIS for
26  * serving it.
27  *
28  * To pre-split files for serving as static files by a web server without
29  * any extra server support, create the ismv file as above, and split it:
30  * ismindex -split foo.ismv
31  * This step creates a file Manifest and directories QualityLevel(...),
32  * that can be read directly by a smooth streaming player.
33  */
34 
35 #include <stdio.h>
36 #include <string.h>
37 #include <sys/stat.h>
38 #ifdef _WIN32
39 #include <direct.h>
40 #define mkdir(a, b) _mkdir(a)
41 #endif
42 
43 #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
44 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
45 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
46 
47 static int usage(const char *argv0, int ret)
48 {
49  fprintf(stderr, "%s [-split] [-n basename] file1 [file2] ...\n", argv0);
50  return ret;
51 }
52 
53 struct MoofOffset {
54  int64_t time;
55  int64_t offset;
56  int duration;
57 };
58 
59 struct VideoFile {
60  const char *name;
61  int64_t duration;
62  int bitrate;
63  int track_id;
65  int width, height;
66  int chunks;
71  int timescale;
72  const char *fourcc;
73  int blocksize;
74  int tag;
75 };
76 
77 struct VideoFiles {
78  int nb_files;
79  int64_t duration;
80  struct VideoFile **files;
83 };
84 
85 static int copy_tag(AVIOContext *in, AVIOContext *out, int32_t tag_name)
86 {
87  int32_t size, tag;
88 
89  size = avio_rb32(in);
90  tag = avio_rb32(in);
91  avio_wb32(out, size);
92  avio_wb32(out, tag);
93  if (tag != tag_name)
94  return -1;
95  size -= 8;
96  while (size > 0) {
97  char buf[1024];
98  int len = FFMIN(sizeof(buf), size);
99  if (avio_read(in, buf, len) != len)
100  break;
101  avio_write(out, buf, len);
102  size -= len;
103  }
104  return 0;
105 }
106 
107 static int write_fragment(const char *filename, AVIOContext *in)
108 {
109  AVIOContext *out = NULL;
110  int ret;
111 
112  if ((ret = avio_open2(&out, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
113  return ret;
114  copy_tag(in, out, MKBETAG('m', 'o', 'o', 'f'));
115  copy_tag(in, out, MKBETAG('m', 'd', 'a', 't'));
116 
117  avio_flush(out);
118  avio_close(out);
119 
120  return ret;
121 }
122 
123 static int write_fragments(struct VideoFiles *files, int start_index,
124  AVIOContext *in)
125 {
126  char dirname[100], filename[500];
127  int i, j;
128 
129  for (i = start_index; i < files->nb_files; i++) {
130  struct VideoFile *vf = files->files[i];
131  const char *type = vf->is_video ? "video" : "audio";
132  snprintf(dirname, sizeof(dirname), "QualityLevels(%d)", vf->bitrate);
133  mkdir(dirname, 0777);
134  for (j = 0; j < vf->chunks; j++) {
135  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/Fragments(%s=%"PRId64")",
136  dirname, type, vf->offsets[j].time);
137  avio_seek(in, vf->offsets[j].offset, SEEK_SET);
138  write_fragment(filename, in);
139  }
140  }
141  return 0;
142 }
143 
144 static int read_tfra(struct VideoFiles *files, int start_index, AVIOContext *f)
145 {
146  int ret = AVERROR_EOF, track_id;
147  int version, fieldlength, i, j;
148  int64_t pos = avio_tell(f);
149  uint32_t size = avio_rb32(f);
150  struct VideoFile *vf = NULL;
151 
152  if (avio_rb32(f) != MKBETAG('t', 'f', 'r', 'a'))
153  goto fail;
154  version = avio_r8(f);
155  avio_rb24(f);
156  track_id = avio_rb32(f); /* track id */
157  for (i = start_index; i < files->nb_files && !vf; i++)
158  if (files->files[i]->track_id == track_id)
159  vf = files->files[i];
160  if (!vf) {
161  /* Ok, continue parsing the next atom */
162  ret = 0;
163  goto fail;
164  }
165  fieldlength = avio_rb32(f);
166  vf->chunks = avio_rb32(f);
167  vf->offsets = av_mallocz(sizeof(*vf->offsets) * vf->chunks);
168  if (!vf->offsets) {
169  ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
170  goto fail;
171  }
172  for (i = 0; i < vf->chunks; i++) {
173  if (version == 1) {
174  vf->offsets[i].time = avio_rb64(f);
175  vf->offsets[i].offset = avio_rb64(f);
176  } else {
177  vf->offsets[i].time = avio_rb32(f);
178  vf->offsets[i].offset = avio_rb32(f);
179  }
180  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 4) & 3) + 1; j++)
181  avio_r8(f);
182  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 2) & 3) + 1; j++)
183  avio_r8(f);
184  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 0) & 3) + 1; j++)
185  avio_r8(f);
186  if (i > 0)
187  vf->offsets[i - 1].duration = vf->offsets[i].time -
188  vf->offsets[i - 1].time;
189  }
190  if (vf->chunks > 0)
191  vf->offsets[vf->chunks - 1].duration = vf->duration -
192  vf->offsets[vf->chunks - 1].time;
193  ret = 0;
194 
195 fail:
196  avio_seek(f, pos + size, SEEK_SET);
197  return ret;
198 }
199 
200 static int read_mfra(struct VideoFiles *files, int start_index,
201  const char *file, int split)
202 {
203  int err = 0;
204  AVIOContext *f = NULL;
205  int32_t mfra_size;
206 
207  if ((err = avio_open2(&f, file, AVIO_FLAG_READ, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
208  goto fail;
209  avio_seek(f, avio_size(f) - 4, SEEK_SET);
210  mfra_size = avio_rb32(f);
211  avio_seek(f, -mfra_size, SEEK_CUR);
212  if (avio_rb32(f) != mfra_size) {
213  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
214  goto fail;
215  }
216  if (avio_rb32(f) != MKBETAG('m', 'f', 'r', 'a')) {
217  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
218  goto fail;
219  }
220  while (!read_tfra(files, start_index, f)) {
221  /* Empty */
222  }
223 
224  if (split)
225  write_fragments(files, start_index, f);
226 
227 fail:
228  if (f)
229  avio_close(f);
230  if (err)
231  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to read the MFRA atom in %s\n", file);
232  return err;
233 }
234 
235 static int get_private_data(struct VideoFile *vf, AVCodecContext *codec)
236 {
237  vf->codec_private_size = codec->extradata_size;
239  if (!vf->codec_private)
240  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
241  memcpy(vf->codec_private, codec->extradata, codec->extradata_size);
242  return 0;
243 }
244 
245 static int get_video_private_data(struct VideoFile *vf, AVCodecContext *codec)
246 {
247  AVIOContext *io = NULL;
248  uint16_t sps_size, pps_size;
249  int err = AVERROR(EINVAL);
250 
251  if (codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1)
252  return get_private_data(vf, codec);
253 
254  if (avio_open_dyn_buf(&io) < 0) {
255  err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
256  goto fail;
257  }
258  if (codec->extradata_size < 11 || codec->extradata[0] != 1)
259  goto fail;
260  sps_size = AV_RB16(&codec->extradata[6]);
261  if (11 + sps_size > codec->extradata_size)
262  goto fail;
263  avio_wb32(io, 0x00000001);
264  avio_write(io, &codec->extradata[8], sps_size);
265  pps_size = AV_RB16(&codec->extradata[9 + sps_size]);
266  if (11 + sps_size + pps_size > codec->extradata_size)
267  goto fail;
268  avio_wb32(io, 0x00000001);
269  avio_write(io, &codec->extradata[11 + sps_size], pps_size);
270  err = 0;
271 
272 fail:
274  return err;
275 }
276 
277 static int handle_file(struct VideoFiles *files, const char *file, int split)
278 {
279  AVFormatContext *ctx = NULL;
280  int err = 0, i, orig_files = files->nb_files;
281  char errbuf[50], *ptr;
282  struct VideoFile *vf;
283 
284  err = avformat_open_input(&ctx, file, NULL, NULL);
285  if (err < 0) {
286  av_strerror(err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
287  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open %s: %s\n", file, errbuf);
288  return 1;
289  }
290 
291  err = avformat_find_stream_info(ctx, NULL);
292  if (err < 0) {
293  av_strerror(err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
294  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to identify %s: %s\n", file, errbuf);
295  goto fail;
296  }
297 
298  if (ctx->nb_streams < 1) {
299  fprintf(stderr, "No streams found in %s\n", file);
300  goto fail;
301  }
302  if (!files->duration)
303  files->duration = ctx->duration;
304 
305  for (i = 0; i < ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
306  AVStream *st = ctx->streams[i];
307  vf = av_mallocz(sizeof(*vf));
308  files->files = av_realloc(files->files,
309  sizeof(*files->files) * (files->nb_files + 1));
310  files->files[files->nb_files] = vf;
311 
312  vf->name = file;
313  if ((ptr = strrchr(file, '/')) != NULL)
314  vf->name = ptr + 1;
315 
316  vf->bitrate = st->codec->bit_rate;
317  vf->track_id = st->id;
318  vf->timescale = st->time_base.den;
319  vf->duration = av_rescale_rnd(ctx->duration, vf->timescale,
323 
324  if (!vf->is_audio && !vf->is_video) {
325  fprintf(stderr,
326  "Track %d in %s is neither video nor audio, skipping\n",
327  vf->track_id, file);
328  av_freep(&files->files[files->nb_files]);
329  continue;
330  }
331 
332  if (vf->is_audio) {
333  if (files->audio_file < 0)
334  files->audio_file = files->nb_files;
335  files->nb_audio_files++;
336  vf->channels = st->codec->channels;
337  vf->sample_rate = st->codec->sample_rate;
338  if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
339  vf->fourcc = "AACL";
340  vf->tag = 255;
341  vf->blocksize = 4;
342  } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_WMAPRO) {
343  vf->fourcc = "WMAP";
344  vf->tag = st->codec->codec_tag;
345  vf->blocksize = st->codec->block_align;
346  }
347  get_private_data(vf, st->codec);
348  }
349  if (vf->is_video) {
350  if (files->video_file < 0)
351  files->video_file = files->nb_files;
352  files->nb_video_files++;
353  vf->width = st->codec->width;
354  vf->height = st->codec->height;
355  if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
356  vf->fourcc = "H264";
357  else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1)
358  vf->fourcc = "WVC1";
359  get_video_private_data(vf, st->codec);
360  }
361 
362  files->nb_files++;
363  }
364 
365  avformat_close_input(&ctx);
366 
367  err = read_mfra(files, orig_files, file, split);
368 
369 fail:
370  if (ctx)
371  avformat_close_input(&ctx);
372  return err;
373 }
374 
375 static void output_server_manifest(struct VideoFiles *files,
376  const char *basename)
377 {
378  char filename[1000];
379  FILE *out;
380  int i;
381 
382  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s.ism", basename);
383  out = fopen(filename, "w");
384  if (!out) {
385  perror(filename);
386  return;
387  }
388  fprintf(out, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
389  fprintf(out, "<smil xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/SMIL20/Language\">\n");
390  fprintf(out, "\t<head>\n");
391  fprintf(out, "\t\t<meta name=\"clientManifestRelativePath\" "
392  "content=\"%s.ismc\" />\n", basename);
393  fprintf(out, "\t</head>\n");
394  fprintf(out, "\t<body>\n");
395  fprintf(out, "\t\t<switch>\n");
396  for (i = 0; i < files->nb_files; i++) {
397  struct VideoFile *vf = files->files[i];
398  const char *type = vf->is_video ? "video" : "audio";
399  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t<%s src=\"%s\" systemBitrate=\"%d\">\n",
400  type, vf->name, vf->bitrate);
401  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t\t<param name=\"trackID\" value=\"%d\" "
402  "valueType=\"data\" />\n", vf->track_id);
403  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t</%s>\n", type);
404  }
405  fprintf(out, "\t\t</switch>\n");
406  fprintf(out, "\t</body>\n");
407  fprintf(out, "</smil>\n");
408  fclose(out);
409 }
410 
411 static void output_client_manifest(struct VideoFiles *files,
412  const char *basename, int split)
413 {
414  char filename[1000];
415  FILE *out;
416  int i, j;
417 
418  if (split)
419  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "Manifest");
420  else
421  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s.ismc", basename);
422  out = fopen(filename, "w");
423  if (!out) {
424  perror(filename);
425  return;
426  }
427  fprintf(out, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
428  fprintf(out, "<SmoothStreamingMedia MajorVersion=\"2\" MinorVersion=\"0\" "
429  "Duration=\"%"PRId64 "\">\n", files->duration * 10);
430  if (files->video_file >= 0) {
431  struct VideoFile *vf = files->files[files->video_file];
432  struct VideoFile *first_vf = vf;
433  int index = 0;
434  fprintf(out,
435  "\t<StreamIndex Type=\"video\" QualityLevels=\"%d\" "
436  "Chunks=\"%d\" "
437  "Url=\"QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(video={start time})\">\n",
438  files->nb_video_files, vf->chunks);
439  for (i = 0; i < files->nb_files; i++) {
440  vf = files->files[i];
441  if (!vf->is_video)
442  continue;
443  fprintf(out,
444  "\t\t<QualityLevel Index=\"%d\" Bitrate=\"%d\" "
445  "FourCC=\"%s\" MaxWidth=\"%d\" MaxHeight=\"%d\" "
446  "CodecPrivateData=\"",
447  index, vf->bitrate, vf->fourcc, vf->width, vf->height);
448  for (j = 0; j < vf->codec_private_size; j++)
449  fprintf(out, "%02X", vf->codec_private[j]);
450  fprintf(out, "\" />\n");
451  index++;
452  if (vf->chunks != first_vf->chunks)
453  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched number of video chunks in %s and %s\n",
454  vf->name, first_vf->name);
455  }
456  vf = first_vf;
457  for (i = 0; i < vf->chunks; i++) {
458  for (j = files->video_file + 1; j < files->nb_files; j++) {
459  if (files->files[j]->is_video &&
460  vf->offsets[i].duration != files->files[j]->offsets[i].duration)
461  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched duration of video chunk %d in %s and %s\n",
462  i, vf->name, files->files[j]->name);
463  }
464  fprintf(out, "\t\t<c n=\"%d\" d=\"%d\" />\n", i,
465  vf->offsets[i].duration);
466  }
467  fprintf(out, "\t</StreamIndex>\n");
468  }
469  if (files->audio_file >= 0) {
470  struct VideoFile *vf = files->files[files->audio_file];
471  struct VideoFile *first_vf = vf;
472  int index = 0;
473  fprintf(out,
474  "\t<StreamIndex Type=\"audio\" QualityLevels=\"%d\" "
475  "Chunks=\"%d\" "
476  "Url=\"QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(audio={start time})\">\n",
477  files->nb_audio_files, vf->chunks);
478  for (i = 0; i < files->nb_files; i++) {
479  vf = files->files[i];
480  if (!vf->is_audio)
481  continue;
482  fprintf(out,
483  "\t\t<QualityLevel Index=\"%d\" Bitrate=\"%d\" "
484  "FourCC=\"%s\" SamplingRate=\"%d\" Channels=\"%d\" "
485  "BitsPerSample=\"16\" PacketSize=\"%d\" "
486  "AudioTag=\"%d\" CodecPrivateData=\"",
487  index, vf->bitrate, vf->fourcc, vf->sample_rate,
488  vf->channels, vf->blocksize, vf->tag);
489  for (j = 0; j < vf->codec_private_size; j++)
490  fprintf(out, "%02X", vf->codec_private[j]);
491  fprintf(out, "\" />\n");
492  index++;
493  if (vf->chunks != first_vf->chunks)
494  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched number of audio chunks in %s and %s\n",
495  vf->name, first_vf->name);
496  }
497  vf = first_vf;
498  for (i = 0; i < vf->chunks; i++) {
499  for (j = files->audio_file + 1; j < files->nb_files; j++) {
500  if (files->files[j]->is_audio &&
501  vf->offsets[i].duration != files->files[j]->offsets[i].duration)
502  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched duration of audio chunk %d in %s and %s\n",
503  i, vf->name, files->files[j]->name);
504  }
505  fprintf(out, "\t\t<c n=\"%d\" d=\"%d\" />\n",
506  i, vf->offsets[i].duration);
507  }
508  fprintf(out, "\t</StreamIndex>\n");
509  }
510  fprintf(out, "</SmoothStreamingMedia>\n");
511  fclose(out);
512 }
513 
514 static void clean_files(struct VideoFiles *files)
515 {
516  int i;
517  for (i = 0; i < files->nb_files; i++) {
518  av_freep(&files->files[i]->codec_private);
519  av_freep(&files->files[i]->offsets);
520  av_freep(&files->files[i]);
521  }
522  av_freep(&files->files);
523  files->nb_files = 0;
524 }
525 
526 int main(int argc, char **argv)
527 {
528  const char *basename = NULL;
529  int split = 0, i;
530  struct VideoFiles vf = { 0, .video_file = -1, .audio_file = -1 };
531 
532  av_register_all();
533 
534  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
535  if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-n")) {
536  basename = argv[i + 1];
537  i++;
538  } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-split")) {
539  split = 1;
540  } else if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
541  return usage(argv[0], 1);
542  } else {
543  if (handle_file(&vf, argv[i], split))
544  return 1;
545  }
546  }
547  if (!vf.nb_files || (!basename && !split))
548  return usage(argv[0], 1);
549 
550  if (!split)
551  output_server_manifest(&vf, basename);
552  output_client_manifest(&vf, basename, split);
553 
554  clean_files(&vf);
555 
556  return 0;
557 }