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rtsp.c
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1 /*
2  * RTSP/SDP client
3  * Copyright (c) 2002 Fabrice Bellard
4  *
5  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
6  *
7  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20  */
21 
22 #include "libavutil/avassert.h"
23 #include "libavutil/base64.h"
24 #include "libavutil/avstring.h"
25 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
26 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
27 #include "libavutil/parseutils.h"
28 #include "libavutil/random_seed.h"
29 #include "libavutil/dict.h"
30 #include "libavutil/opt.h"
31 #include "libavutil/time.h"
32 #include "avformat.h"
33 #include "avio_internal.h"
34 
35 #if HAVE_POLL_H
36 #include <poll.h>
37 #endif
38 #include "internal.h"
39 #include "network.h"
40 #include "os_support.h"
41 #include "http.h"
42 #include "rtsp.h"
43 
44 #include "rtpdec.h"
45 #include "rtpproto.h"
46 #include "rdt.h"
47 #include "rtpdec_formats.h"
48 #include "rtpenc_chain.h"
49 #include "url.h"
50 #include "rtpenc.h"
51 #include "mpegts.h"
52 
53 /* Timeout values for socket poll, in ms,
54  * and read_packet(), in seconds */
55 #define POLL_TIMEOUT_MS 100
56 #define READ_PACKET_TIMEOUT_S 10
57 #define MAX_TIMEOUTS READ_PACKET_TIMEOUT_S * 1000 / POLL_TIMEOUT_MS
58 #define SDP_MAX_SIZE 16384
59 #define RECVBUF_SIZE 10 * RTP_MAX_PACKET_LENGTH
60 #define DEFAULT_REORDERING_DELAY 100000
61 
62 #define OFFSET(x) offsetof(RTSPState, x)
63 #define DEC AV_OPT_FLAG_DECODING_PARAM
64 #define ENC AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM
65 
66 #define RTSP_FLAG_OPTS(name, longname) \
67  { name, longname, OFFSET(rtsp_flags), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, {.i64 = 0}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, DEC, "rtsp_flags" }, \
68  { "filter_src", "Only receive packets from the negotiated peer IP", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = RTSP_FLAG_FILTER_SRC}, 0, 0, DEC, "rtsp_flags" }
69 
70 #define RTSP_MEDIATYPE_OPTS(name, longname) \
71  { name, longname, OFFSET(media_type_mask), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, { .i64 = (1 << (AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA+1)) - 1 }, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, DEC, "allowed_media_types" }, \
72  { "video", "Video", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = 1 << AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO}, 0, 0, DEC, "allowed_media_types" }, \
73  { "audio", "Audio", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = 1 << AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO}, 0, 0, DEC, "allowed_media_types" }, \
74  { "data", "Data", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = 1 << AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA}, 0, 0, DEC, "allowed_media_types" }
75 
76 #define RTSP_REORDERING_OPTS() \
77  { "reorder_queue_size", "Number of packets to buffer for handling of reordered packets", OFFSET(reordering_queue_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = -1 }, -1, INT_MAX, DEC }
78 
80  { "initial_pause", "Don't start playing the stream immediately", OFFSET(initial_pause), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, 1, DEC },
81  FF_RTP_FLAG_OPTS(RTSPState, rtp_muxer_flags),
82  { "rtsp_transport", "RTSP transport protocols", OFFSET(lower_transport_mask), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, {.i64 = 0}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, DEC|ENC, "rtsp_transport" }, \
83  { "udp", "UDP", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = 1 << RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_UDP}, 0, 0, DEC|ENC, "rtsp_transport" }, \
84  { "tcp", "TCP", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = 1 << RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_TCP}, 0, 0, DEC|ENC, "rtsp_transport" }, \
85  { "udp_multicast", "UDP multicast", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = 1 << RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_UDP_MULTICAST}, 0, 0, DEC, "rtsp_transport" },
86  { "http", "HTTP tunneling", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = (1 << RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_HTTP)}, 0, 0, DEC, "rtsp_transport" },
87  RTSP_FLAG_OPTS("rtsp_flags", "RTSP flags"),
88  { "listen", "Wait for incoming connections", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = RTSP_FLAG_LISTEN}, 0, 0, DEC, "rtsp_flags" },
89  RTSP_MEDIATYPE_OPTS("allowed_media_types", "Media types to accept from the server"),
90  { "min_port", "Minimum local UDP port", OFFSET(rtp_port_min), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = RTSP_RTP_PORT_MIN}, 0, 65535, DEC|ENC },
91  { "max_port", "Maximum local UDP port", OFFSET(rtp_port_max), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = RTSP_RTP_PORT_MAX}, 0, 65535, DEC|ENC },
92  { "timeout", "Maximum timeout (in seconds) to wait for incoming connections. -1 is infinite. Implies flag listen", OFFSET(initial_timeout), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = -1}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, DEC },
93  { "stimeout", "timeout (in micro seconds) of socket i/o operations.", OFFSET(stimeout), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, DEC },
95  { "user-agent", "override User-Agent header", OFFSET(user_agent), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str = LIBAVFORMAT_IDENT}, 0, 0, DEC },
96  { NULL },
97 };
98 
99 static const AVOption sdp_options[] = {
100  RTSP_FLAG_OPTS("sdp_flags", "SDP flags"),
101  { "custom_io", "Use custom IO", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = RTSP_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO}, 0, 0, DEC, "rtsp_flags" },
102  { "rtcp_to_source", "Send RTCP packets to the source address of received packets", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = RTSP_FLAG_RTCP_TO_SOURCE}, 0, 0, DEC, "rtsp_flags" },
103  RTSP_MEDIATYPE_OPTS("allowed_media_types", "Media types to accept from the server"),
105  { NULL },
106 };
107 
108 static const AVOption rtp_options[] = {
109  RTSP_FLAG_OPTS("rtp_flags", "RTP flags"),
111  { NULL },
112 };
113 
114 static void get_word_until_chars(char *buf, int buf_size,
115  const char *sep, const char **pp)
116 {
117  const char *p;
118  char *q;
119 
120  p = *pp;
121  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
122  q = buf;
123  while (!strchr(sep, *p) && *p != '\0') {
124  if ((q - buf) < buf_size - 1)
125  *q++ = *p;
126  p++;
127  }
128  if (buf_size > 0)
129  *q = '\0';
130  *pp = p;
131 }
132 
133 static void get_word_sep(char *buf, int buf_size, const char *sep,
134  const char **pp)
135 {
136  if (**pp == '/') (*pp)++;
137  get_word_until_chars(buf, buf_size, sep, pp);
138 }
139 
140 static void get_word(char *buf, int buf_size, const char **pp)
141 {
142  get_word_until_chars(buf, buf_size, SPACE_CHARS, pp);
143 }
144 
145 /** Parse a string p in the form of Range:npt=xx-xx, and determine the start
146  * and end time.
147  * Used for seeking in the rtp stream.
148  */
149 static void rtsp_parse_range_npt(const char *p, int64_t *start, int64_t *end)
150 {
151  char buf[256];
152 
153  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
154  if (!av_stristart(p, "npt=", &p))
155  return;
156 
157  *start = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
158  *end = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;
159 
160  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), "-", &p);
161  av_parse_time(start, buf, 1);
162  if (*p == '-') {
163  p++;
164  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), "-", &p);
165  av_parse_time(end, buf, 1);
166  }
167 }
168 
169 static int get_sockaddr(const char *buf, struct sockaddr_storage *sock)
170 {
171  struct addrinfo hints = { 0 }, *ai = NULL;
172  hints.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
173  if (getaddrinfo(buf, NULL, &hints, &ai))
174  return -1;
175  memcpy(sock, ai->ai_addr, FFMIN(sizeof(*sock), ai->ai_addrlen));
176  freeaddrinfo(ai);
177  return 0;
178 }
179 
180 #if CONFIG_RTPDEC
181 static void init_rtp_handler(RTPDynamicProtocolHandler *handler,
182  RTSPStream *rtsp_st, AVCodecContext *codec)
183 {
184  if (!handler)
185  return;
186  if (codec)
187  codec->codec_id = handler->codec_id;
188  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler = handler;
189  if (handler->alloc) {
190  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context = handler->alloc();
191  if (!rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context)
192  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler = NULL;
193  }
194 }
195 
196 /* parse the rtpmap description: <codec_name>/<clock_rate>[/<other params>] */
197 static int sdp_parse_rtpmap(AVFormatContext *s,
198  AVStream *st, RTSPStream *rtsp_st,
199  int payload_type, const char *p)
200 {
201  AVCodecContext *codec = st->codec;
202  char buf[256];
203  int i;
204  AVCodec *c;
205  const char *c_name;
206 
207  /* See if we can handle this kind of payload.
208  * The space should normally not be there but some Real streams or
209  * particular servers ("RealServer Version 6.1.3.970", see issue 1658)
210  * have a trailing space. */
211  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), "/ ", &p);
212  if (payload_type < RTP_PT_PRIVATE) {
213  /* We are in a standard case
214  * (from http://www.iana.org/assignments/rtp-parameters). */
215  codec->codec_id = ff_rtp_codec_id(buf, codec->codec_type);
216  }
217 
218  if (codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_NONE) {
219  RTPDynamicProtocolHandler *handler =
221  init_rtp_handler(handler, rtsp_st, codec);
222  /* If no dynamic handler was found, check with the list of standard
223  * allocated types, if such a stream for some reason happens to
224  * use a private payload type. This isn't handled in rtpdec.c, since
225  * the format name from the rtpmap line never is passed into rtpdec. */
226  if (!rtsp_st->dynamic_handler)
227  codec->codec_id = ff_rtp_codec_id(buf, codec->codec_type);
228  }
229 
230  c = avcodec_find_decoder(codec->codec_id);
231  if (c && c->name)
232  c_name = c->name;
233  else
234  c_name = "(null)";
235 
236  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), "/", &p);
237  i = atoi(buf);
238  switch (codec->codec_type) {
239  case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
240  av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "audio codec set to: %s\n", c_name);
243  if (i > 0) {
244  codec->sample_rate = i;
245  avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 32, 1, codec->sample_rate);
246  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), "/", &p);
247  i = atoi(buf);
248  if (i > 0)
249  codec->channels = i;
250  }
251  av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "audio samplerate set to: %i\n",
252  codec->sample_rate);
253  av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "audio channels set to: %i\n",
254  codec->channels);
255  break;
256  case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
257  av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "video codec set to: %s\n", c_name);
258  if (i > 0)
259  avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 32, 1, i);
260  break;
261  default:
262  break;
263  }
264  if (rtsp_st->dynamic_handler && rtsp_st->dynamic_handler->init)
265  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler->init(s, st->index,
266  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context);
267  return 0;
268 }
269 
270 /* parse the attribute line from the fmtp a line of an sdp response. This
271  * is broken out as a function because it is used in rtp_h264.c, which is
272  * forthcoming. */
273 int ff_rtsp_next_attr_and_value(const char **p, char *attr, int attr_size,
274  char *value, int value_size)
275 {
276  *p += strspn(*p, SPACE_CHARS);
277  if (**p) {
278  get_word_sep(attr, attr_size, "=", p);
279  if (**p == '=')
280  (*p)++;
281  get_word_sep(value, value_size, ";", p);
282  if (**p == ';')
283  (*p)++;
284  return 1;
285  }
286  return 0;
287 }
288 
289 typedef struct SDPParseState {
290  /* SDP only */
291  struct sockaddr_storage default_ip;
292  int default_ttl;
293  int skip_media; ///< set if an unknown m= line occurs
294  int nb_default_include_source_addrs; /**< Number of source-specific multicast include source IP address (from SDP content) */
295  struct RTSPSource **default_include_source_addrs; /**< Source-specific multicast include source IP address (from SDP content) */
296  int nb_default_exclude_source_addrs; /**< Number of source-specific multicast exclude source IP address (from SDP content) */
297  struct RTSPSource **default_exclude_source_addrs; /**< Source-specific multicast exclude source IP address (from SDP content) */
298 } SDPParseState;
299 
300 static void copy_default_source_addrs(struct RTSPSource **addrs, int count,
301  struct RTSPSource ***dest, int *dest_count)
302 {
303  RTSPSource *rtsp_src, *rtsp_src2;
304  int i;
305  for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
306  rtsp_src = addrs[i];
307  rtsp_src2 = av_malloc(sizeof(*rtsp_src2));
308  if (!rtsp_src2)
309  continue;
310  memcpy(rtsp_src2, rtsp_src, sizeof(*rtsp_src));
311  dynarray_add(dest, dest_count, rtsp_src2);
312  }
313 }
314 
315 static void sdp_parse_line(AVFormatContext *s, SDPParseState *s1,
316  int letter, const char *buf)
317 {
318  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
319  char buf1[64], st_type[64];
320  const char *p;
321  enum AVMediaType codec_type;
322  int payload_type, i;
323  AVStream *st;
324  RTSPStream *rtsp_st;
325  RTSPSource *rtsp_src;
326  struct sockaddr_storage sdp_ip;
327  int ttl;
328 
329  av_dlog(s, "sdp: %c='%s'\n", letter, buf);
330 
331  p = buf;
332  if (s1->skip_media && letter != 'm')
333  return;
334  switch (letter) {
335  case 'c':
336  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
337  if (strcmp(buf1, "IN") != 0)
338  return;
339  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
340  if (strcmp(buf1, "IP4") && strcmp(buf1, "IP6"))
341  return;
342  get_word_sep(buf1, sizeof(buf1), "/", &p);
343  if (get_sockaddr(buf1, &sdp_ip))
344  return;
345  ttl = 16;
346  if (*p == '/') {
347  p++;
348  get_word_sep(buf1, sizeof(buf1), "/", &p);
349  ttl = atoi(buf1);
350  }
351  if (s->nb_streams == 0) {
352  s1->default_ip = sdp_ip;
353  s1->default_ttl = ttl;
354  } else {
355  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1];
356  rtsp_st->sdp_ip = sdp_ip;
357  rtsp_st->sdp_ttl = ttl;
358  }
359  break;
360  case 's':
361  av_dict_set(&s->metadata, "title", p, 0);
362  break;
363  case 'i':
364  if (s->nb_streams == 0) {
365  av_dict_set(&s->metadata, "comment", p, 0);
366  break;
367  }
368  break;
369  case 'm':
370  /* new stream */
371  s1->skip_media = 0;
372  codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN;
373  get_word(st_type, sizeof(st_type), &p);
374  if (!strcmp(st_type, "audio")) {
375  codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;
376  } else if (!strcmp(st_type, "video")) {
377  codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
378  } else if (!strcmp(st_type, "application")) {
379  codec_type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA;
380  }
381  if (codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_UNKNOWN || !(rt->media_type_mask & (1 << codec_type))) {
382  s1->skip_media = 1;
383  return;
384  }
385  rtsp_st = av_mallocz(sizeof(RTSPStream));
386  if (!rtsp_st)
387  return;
388  rtsp_st->stream_index = -1;
389  dynarray_add(&rt->rtsp_streams, &rt->nb_rtsp_streams, rtsp_st);
390 
391  rtsp_st->sdp_ip = s1->default_ip;
392  rtsp_st->sdp_ttl = s1->default_ttl;
393 
394  copy_default_source_addrs(s1->default_include_source_addrs,
395  s1->nb_default_include_source_addrs,
396  &rtsp_st->include_source_addrs,
397  &rtsp_st->nb_include_source_addrs);
398  copy_default_source_addrs(s1->default_exclude_source_addrs,
399  s1->nb_default_exclude_source_addrs,
400  &rtsp_st->exclude_source_addrs,
401  &rtsp_st->nb_exclude_source_addrs);
402 
403  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p); /* port */
404  rtsp_st->sdp_port = atoi(buf1);
405 
406  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p); /* protocol */
407  if (!strcmp(buf1, "udp"))
409  else if (strstr(buf1, "/AVPF") || strstr(buf1, "/SAVPF"))
410  rtsp_st->feedback = 1;
411 
412  /* XXX: handle list of formats */
413  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p); /* format list */
414  rtsp_st->sdp_payload_type = atoi(buf1);
415 
416  if (!strcmp(ff_rtp_enc_name(rtsp_st->sdp_payload_type), "MP2T")) {
417  /* no corresponding stream */
418  if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RAW) {
419  if (!rt->ts && CONFIG_RTPDEC)
420  rt->ts = ff_mpegts_parse_open(s);
421  } else {
423  handler = ff_rtp_handler_find_by_id(
425  init_rtp_handler(handler, rtsp_st, NULL);
426  if (handler && handler->init)
427  handler->init(s, -1, rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context);
428  }
429  } else if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS &&
430  codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA) {
431  /* RTX stream, a stream that carries all the other actual
432  * audio/video streams. Don't expose this to the callers. */
433  } else {
434  st = avformat_new_stream(s, NULL);
435  if (!st)
436  return;
437  st->id = rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1;
438  rtsp_st->stream_index = st->index;
439  st->codec->codec_type = codec_type;
440  if (rtsp_st->sdp_payload_type < RTP_PT_PRIVATE) {
442  /* if standard payload type, we can find the codec right now */
444  if (st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO &&
445  st->codec->sample_rate > 0)
446  avpriv_set_pts_info(st, 32, 1, st->codec->sample_rate);
447  /* Even static payload types may need a custom depacketizer */
448  handler = ff_rtp_handler_find_by_id(
449  rtsp_st->sdp_payload_type, st->codec->codec_type);
450  init_rtp_handler(handler, rtsp_st, st->codec);
451  if (handler && handler->init)
452  handler->init(s, st->index,
453  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context);
454  }
455  }
456  /* put a default control url */
457  av_strlcpy(rtsp_st->control_url, rt->control_uri,
458  sizeof(rtsp_st->control_url));
459  break;
460  case 'a':
461  if (av_strstart(p, "control:", &p)) {
462  if (s->nb_streams == 0) {
463  if (!strncmp(p, "rtsp://", 7))
464  av_strlcpy(rt->control_uri, p,
465  sizeof(rt->control_uri));
466  } else {
467  char proto[32];
468  /* get the control url */
469  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1];
470 
471  /* XXX: may need to add full url resolution */
472  av_url_split(proto, sizeof(proto), NULL, 0, NULL, 0,
473  NULL, NULL, 0, p);
474  if (proto[0] == '\0') {
475  /* relative control URL */
476  if (rtsp_st->control_url[strlen(rtsp_st->control_url)-1]!='/')
477  av_strlcat(rtsp_st->control_url, "/",
478  sizeof(rtsp_st->control_url));
479  av_strlcat(rtsp_st->control_url, p,
480  sizeof(rtsp_st->control_url));
481  } else
482  av_strlcpy(rtsp_st->control_url, p,
483  sizeof(rtsp_st->control_url));
484  }
485  } else if (av_strstart(p, "rtpmap:", &p) && s->nb_streams > 0) {
486  /* NOTE: rtpmap is only supported AFTER the 'm=' tag */
487  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
488  payload_type = atoi(buf1);
489  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1];
490  if (rtsp_st->stream_index >= 0) {
491  st = s->streams[rtsp_st->stream_index];
492  sdp_parse_rtpmap(s, st, rtsp_st, payload_type, p);
493  }
494  } else if (av_strstart(p, "fmtp:", &p) ||
495  av_strstart(p, "framesize:", &p)) {
496  /* NOTE: fmtp is only supported AFTER the 'a=rtpmap:xxx' tag */
497  // let dynamic protocol handlers have a stab at the line.
498  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
499  payload_type = atoi(buf1);
500  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
501  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
502  if (rtsp_st->sdp_payload_type == payload_type &&
503  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler &&
505  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler->parse_sdp_a_line(s, i,
506  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context, buf);
507  }
508  } else if (av_strstart(p, "range:", &p)) {
509  int64_t start, end;
510 
511  // this is so that seeking on a streamed file can work.
512  rtsp_parse_range_npt(p, &start, &end);
513  s->start_time = start;
514  /* AV_NOPTS_VALUE means live broadcast (and can't seek) */
515  s->duration = (end == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) ?
516  AV_NOPTS_VALUE : end - start;
517  } else if (av_strstart(p, "IsRealDataType:integer;",&p)) {
518  if (atoi(p) == 1)
520  } else if (av_strstart(p, "SampleRate:integer;", &p) &&
521  s->nb_streams > 0) {
522  st = s->streams[s->nb_streams - 1];
523  st->codec->sample_rate = atoi(p);
524  } else if (av_strstart(p, "crypto:", &p) && s->nb_streams > 0) {
525  // RFC 4568
526  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1];
527  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p); // ignore tag
528  get_word(rtsp_st->crypto_suite, sizeof(rtsp_st->crypto_suite), &p);
529  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
530  if (av_strstart(p, "inline:", &p))
531  get_word(rtsp_st->crypto_params, sizeof(rtsp_st->crypto_params), &p);
532  } else if (av_strstart(p, "source-filter:", &p)) {
533  int exclude = 0;
534  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
535  if (strcmp(buf1, "incl") && strcmp(buf1, "excl"))
536  return;
537  exclude = !strcmp(buf1, "excl");
538 
539  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
540  if (strcmp(buf1, "IN") != 0)
541  return;
542  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
543  if (strcmp(buf1, "IP4") && strcmp(buf1, "IP6") && strcmp(buf1, "*"))
544  return;
545  // not checking that the destination address actually matches or is wildcard
546  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
547 
548  while (*p != '\0') {
549  rtsp_src = av_mallocz(sizeof(*rtsp_src));
550  if (!rtsp_src)
551  return;
552  get_word(rtsp_src->addr, sizeof(rtsp_src->addr), &p);
553  if (exclude) {
554  if (s->nb_streams == 0) {
555  dynarray_add(&s1->default_exclude_source_addrs, &s1->nb_default_exclude_source_addrs, rtsp_src);
556  } else {
557  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1];
558  dynarray_add(&rtsp_st->exclude_source_addrs, &rtsp_st->nb_exclude_source_addrs, rtsp_src);
559  }
560  } else {
561  if (s->nb_streams == 0) {
562  dynarray_add(&s1->default_include_source_addrs, &s1->nb_default_include_source_addrs, rtsp_src);
563  } else {
564  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1];
565  dynarray_add(&rtsp_st->include_source_addrs, &rtsp_st->nb_include_source_addrs, rtsp_src);
566  }
567  }
568  }
569  } else {
570  if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS)
572  if (s->nb_streams > 0) {
573  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rt->nb_rtsp_streams - 1];
574 
575  if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_REAL)
576  ff_real_parse_sdp_a_line(s, rtsp_st->stream_index, p);
577 
578  if (rtsp_st->dynamic_handler &&
580  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler->parse_sdp_a_line(s,
581  rtsp_st->stream_index,
582  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context, buf);
583  }
584  }
585  break;
586  }
587 }
588 
589 int ff_sdp_parse(AVFormatContext *s, const char *content)
590 {
591  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
592  const char *p;
593  int letter, i;
594  /* Some SDP lines, particularly for Realmedia or ASF RTSP streams,
595  * contain long SDP lines containing complete ASF Headers (several
596  * kB) or arrays of MDPR (RM stream descriptor) headers plus
597  * "rulebooks" describing their properties. Therefore, the SDP line
598  * buffer is large.
599  *
600  * The Vorbis FMTP line can be up to 16KB - see xiph_parse_sdp_line
601  * in rtpdec_xiph.c. */
602  char buf[16384], *q;
603  SDPParseState sdp_parse_state = { { 0 } }, *s1 = &sdp_parse_state;
604 
605  p = content;
606  for (;;) {
607  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
608  letter = *p;
609  if (letter == '\0')
610  break;
611  p++;
612  if (*p != '=')
613  goto next_line;
614  p++;
615  /* get the content */
616  q = buf;
617  while (*p != '\n' && *p != '\r' && *p != '\0') {
618  if ((q - buf) < sizeof(buf) - 1)
619  *q++ = *p;
620  p++;
621  }
622  *q = '\0';
623  sdp_parse_line(s, s1, letter, buf);
624  next_line:
625  while (*p != '\n' && *p != '\0')
626  p++;
627  if (*p == '\n')
628  p++;
629  }
630 
631  for (i = 0; i < s1->nb_default_include_source_addrs; i++)
632  av_free(s1->default_include_source_addrs[i]);
633  av_freep(&s1->default_include_source_addrs);
634  for (i = 0; i < s1->nb_default_exclude_source_addrs; i++)
635  av_free(s1->default_exclude_source_addrs[i]);
636  av_freep(&s1->default_exclude_source_addrs);
637 
638  rt->p = av_malloc(sizeof(struct pollfd)*2*(rt->nb_rtsp_streams+1));
639  if (!rt->p) return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
640  return 0;
641 }
642 #endif /* CONFIG_RTPDEC */
643 
645 {
646  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
647  int i;
648 
649  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
650  RTSPStream *rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
651  if (!rtsp_st)
652  continue;
653  if (rtsp_st->transport_priv) {
654  if (s->oformat) {
655  AVFormatContext *rtpctx = rtsp_st->transport_priv;
656  av_write_trailer(rtpctx);
658  uint8_t *ptr;
659  avio_close_dyn_buf(rtpctx->pb, &ptr);
660  av_free(ptr);
661  } else {
662  avio_close(rtpctx->pb);
663  }
664  avformat_free_context(rtpctx);
665  } else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RDT && CONFIG_RTPDEC)
667  else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP && CONFIG_RTPDEC)
669  }
670  rtsp_st->transport_priv = NULL;
671  if (rtsp_st->rtp_handle)
672  ffurl_close(rtsp_st->rtp_handle);
673  rtsp_st->rtp_handle = NULL;
674  }
675 }
676 
677 /* close and free RTSP streams */
679 {
680  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
681  int i, j;
682  RTSPStream *rtsp_st;
683 
685  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
686  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
687  if (rtsp_st) {
688  if (rtsp_st->dynamic_handler && rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context)
689  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler->free(
690  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context);
691  for (j = 0; j < rtsp_st->nb_include_source_addrs; j++)
692  av_free(rtsp_st->include_source_addrs[j]);
693  av_freep(&rtsp_st->include_source_addrs);
694  for (j = 0; j < rtsp_st->nb_exclude_source_addrs; j++)
695  av_free(rtsp_st->exclude_source_addrs[j]);
696  av_freep(&rtsp_st->exclude_source_addrs);
697 
698  av_free(rtsp_st);
699  }
700  }
701  av_free(rt->rtsp_streams);
702  if (rt->asf_ctx) {
704  }
705  if (rt->ts && CONFIG_RTPDEC)
707  av_free(rt->p);
708  av_free(rt->recvbuf);
709 }
710 
712 {
713  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
714  AVStream *st = NULL;
715  int reordering_queue_size = rt->reordering_queue_size;
716  if (reordering_queue_size < 0) {
718  reordering_queue_size = 0;
719  else
720  reordering_queue_size = RTP_REORDER_QUEUE_DEFAULT_SIZE;
721  }
722 
723  /* open the RTP context */
724  if (rtsp_st->stream_index >= 0)
725  st = s->streams[rtsp_st->stream_index];
726  if (!st)
728 
729  if (s->oformat && CONFIG_RTSP_MUXER) {
730  int ret = ff_rtp_chain_mux_open((AVFormatContext **)&rtsp_st->transport_priv, s, st,
731  rtsp_st->rtp_handle,
733  rtsp_st->stream_index);
734  /* Ownership of rtp_handle is passed to the rtp mux context */
735  rtsp_st->rtp_handle = NULL;
736  if (ret < 0)
737  return ret;
738  } else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RAW) {
739  return 0; // Don't need to open any parser here
740  } else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RDT && CONFIG_RTPDEC)
741  rtsp_st->transport_priv = ff_rdt_parse_open(s, st->index,
742  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context,
743  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler);
744  else if (CONFIG_RTPDEC)
745  rtsp_st->transport_priv = ff_rtp_parse_open(s, st,
746  rtsp_st->sdp_payload_type,
747  reordering_queue_size);
748 
749  if (!rtsp_st->transport_priv) {
750  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
751  } else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP && CONFIG_RTPDEC) {
752  if (rtsp_st->dynamic_handler) {
754  rtsp_st->dynamic_protocol_context,
755  rtsp_st->dynamic_handler);
756  }
757  if (rtsp_st->crypto_suite[0])
759  rtsp_st->crypto_suite,
760  rtsp_st->crypto_params);
761  }
762 
763  return 0;
764 }
765 
766 #if CONFIG_RTSP_DEMUXER || CONFIG_RTSP_MUXER
767 static void rtsp_parse_range(int *min_ptr, int *max_ptr, const char **pp)
768 {
769  const char *q;
770  char *p;
771  int v;
772 
773  q = *pp;
774  q += strspn(q, SPACE_CHARS);
775  v = strtol(q, &p, 10);
776  if (*p == '-') {
777  p++;
778  *min_ptr = v;
779  v = strtol(p, &p, 10);
780  *max_ptr = v;
781  } else {
782  *min_ptr = v;
783  *max_ptr = v;
784  }
785  *pp = p;
786 }
787 
788 /* XXX: only one transport specification is parsed */
789 static void rtsp_parse_transport(RTSPMessageHeader *reply, const char *p)
790 {
791  char transport_protocol[16];
792  char profile[16];
793  char lower_transport[16];
794  char parameter[16];
796  char buf[256];
797 
798  reply->nb_transports = 0;
799 
800  for (;;) {
801  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
802  if (*p == '\0')
803  break;
804 
805  th = &reply->transports[reply->nb_transports];
806 
807  get_word_sep(transport_protocol, sizeof(transport_protocol),
808  "/", &p);
809  if (!av_strcasecmp (transport_protocol, "rtp")) {
810  get_word_sep(profile, sizeof(profile), "/;,", &p);
811  lower_transport[0] = '\0';
812  /* rtp/avp/<protocol> */
813  if (*p == '/') {
814  get_word_sep(lower_transport, sizeof(lower_transport),
815  ";,", &p);
816  }
818  } else if (!av_strcasecmp (transport_protocol, "x-pn-tng") ||
819  !av_strcasecmp (transport_protocol, "x-real-rdt")) {
820  /* x-pn-tng/<protocol> */
821  get_word_sep(lower_transport, sizeof(lower_transport), "/;,", &p);
822  profile[0] = '\0';
824  } else if (!av_strcasecmp(transport_protocol, "raw")) {
825  get_word_sep(profile, sizeof(profile), "/;,", &p);
826  lower_transport[0] = '\0';
827  /* raw/raw/<protocol> */
828  if (*p == '/') {
829  get_word_sep(lower_transport, sizeof(lower_transport),
830  ";,", &p);
831  }
833  }
834  if (!av_strcasecmp(lower_transport, "TCP"))
836  else
838 
839  if (*p == ';')
840  p++;
841  /* get each parameter */
842  while (*p != '\0' && *p != ',') {
843  get_word_sep(parameter, sizeof(parameter), "=;,", &p);
844  if (!strcmp(parameter, "port")) {
845  if (*p == '=') {
846  p++;
847  rtsp_parse_range(&th->port_min, &th->port_max, &p);
848  }
849  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "client_port")) {
850  if (*p == '=') {
851  p++;
852  rtsp_parse_range(&th->client_port_min,
853  &th->client_port_max, &p);
854  }
855  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "server_port")) {
856  if (*p == '=') {
857  p++;
858  rtsp_parse_range(&th->server_port_min,
859  &th->server_port_max, &p);
860  }
861  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "interleaved")) {
862  if (*p == '=') {
863  p++;
864  rtsp_parse_range(&th->interleaved_min,
865  &th->interleaved_max, &p);
866  }
867  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "multicast")) {
870  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "ttl")) {
871  if (*p == '=') {
872  char *end;
873  p++;
874  th->ttl = strtol(p, &end, 10);
875  p = end;
876  }
877  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "destination")) {
878  if (*p == '=') {
879  p++;
880  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), ";,", &p);
881  get_sockaddr(buf, &th->destination);
882  }
883  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "source")) {
884  if (*p == '=') {
885  p++;
886  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), ";,", &p);
887  av_strlcpy(th->source, buf, sizeof(th->source));
888  }
889  } else if (!strcmp(parameter, "mode")) {
890  if (*p == '=') {
891  p++;
892  get_word_sep(buf, sizeof(buf), ";, ", &p);
893  if (!strcmp(buf, "record") ||
894  !strcmp(buf, "receive"))
895  th->mode_record = 1;
896  }
897  }
898 
899  while (*p != ';' && *p != '\0' && *p != ',')
900  p++;
901  if (*p == ';')
902  p++;
903  }
904  if (*p == ',')
905  p++;
906 
907  reply->nb_transports++;
908  }
909 }
910 
911 static void handle_rtp_info(RTSPState *rt, const char *url,
912  uint32_t seq, uint32_t rtptime)
913 {
914  int i;
915  if (!rtptime || !url[0])
916  return;
917  if (rt->transport != RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP)
918  return;
919  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
920  RTSPStream *rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
921  RTPDemuxContext *rtpctx = rtsp_st->transport_priv;
922  if (!rtpctx)
923  continue;
924  if (!strcmp(rtsp_st->control_url, url)) {
925  rtpctx->base_timestamp = rtptime;
926  break;
927  }
928  }
929 }
930 
931 static void rtsp_parse_rtp_info(RTSPState *rt, const char *p)
932 {
933  int read = 0;
934  char key[20], value[1024], url[1024] = "";
935  uint32_t seq = 0, rtptime = 0;
936 
937  for (;;) {
938  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
939  if (!*p)
940  break;
941  get_word_sep(key, sizeof(key), "=", &p);
942  if (*p != '=')
943  break;
944  p++;
945  get_word_sep(value, sizeof(value), ";, ", &p);
946  read++;
947  if (!strcmp(key, "url"))
948  av_strlcpy(url, value, sizeof(url));
949  else if (!strcmp(key, "seq"))
950  seq = strtoul(value, NULL, 10);
951  else if (!strcmp(key, "rtptime"))
952  rtptime = strtoul(value, NULL, 10);
953  if (*p == ',') {
954  handle_rtp_info(rt, url, seq, rtptime);
955  url[0] = '\0';
956  seq = rtptime = 0;
957  read = 0;
958  }
959  if (*p)
960  p++;
961  }
962  if (read > 0)
963  handle_rtp_info(rt, url, seq, rtptime);
964 }
965 
966 void ff_rtsp_parse_line(RTSPMessageHeader *reply, const char *buf,
967  RTSPState *rt, const char *method)
968 {
969  const char *p;
970 
971  /* NOTE: we do case independent match for broken servers */
972  p = buf;
973  if (av_stristart(p, "Session:", &p)) {
974  int t;
975  get_word_sep(reply->session_id, sizeof(reply->session_id), ";", &p);
976  if (av_stristart(p, ";timeout=", &p) &&
977  (t = strtol(p, NULL, 10)) > 0) {
978  reply->timeout = t;
979  }
980  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Content-Length:", &p)) {
981  reply->content_length = strtol(p, NULL, 10);
982  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Transport:", &p)) {
983  rtsp_parse_transport(reply, p);
984  } else if (av_stristart(p, "CSeq:", &p)) {
985  reply->seq = strtol(p, NULL, 10);
986  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Range:", &p)) {
987  rtsp_parse_range_npt(p, &reply->range_start, &reply->range_end);
988  } else if (av_stristart(p, "RealChallenge1:", &p)) {
989  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
990  av_strlcpy(reply->real_challenge, p, sizeof(reply->real_challenge));
991  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Server:", &p)) {
992  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
993  av_strlcpy(reply->server, p, sizeof(reply->server));
994  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Notice:", &p) ||
995  av_stristart(p, "X-Notice:", &p)) {
996  reply->notice = strtol(p, NULL, 10);
997  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Location:", &p)) {
998  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
999  av_strlcpy(reply->location, p , sizeof(reply->location));
1000  } else if (av_stristart(p, "WWW-Authenticate:", &p) && rt) {
1001  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
1002  ff_http_auth_handle_header(&rt->auth_state, "WWW-Authenticate", p);
1003  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Authentication-Info:", &p) && rt) {
1004  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
1005  ff_http_auth_handle_header(&rt->auth_state, "Authentication-Info", p);
1006  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Content-Base:", &p) && rt) {
1007  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
1008  if (method && !strcmp(method, "DESCRIBE"))
1009  av_strlcpy(rt->control_uri, p , sizeof(rt->control_uri));
1010  } else if (av_stristart(p, "RTP-Info:", &p) && rt) {
1011  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
1012  if (method && !strcmp(method, "PLAY"))
1013  rtsp_parse_rtp_info(rt, p);
1014  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Public:", &p) && rt) {
1015  if (strstr(p, "GET_PARAMETER") &&
1016  method && !strcmp(method, "OPTIONS"))
1017  rt->get_parameter_supported = 1;
1018  } else if (av_stristart(p, "x-Accept-Dynamic-Rate:", &p) && rt) {
1019  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
1020  rt->accept_dynamic_rate = atoi(p);
1021  } else if (av_stristart(p, "Content-Type:", &p)) {
1022  p += strspn(p, SPACE_CHARS);
1023  av_strlcpy(reply->content_type, p, sizeof(reply->content_type));
1024  }
1025 }
1026 
1027 /* skip a RTP/TCP interleaved packet */
1029 {
1030  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1031  int ret, len, len1;
1032  uint8_t buf[1024];
1033 
1034  ret = ffurl_read_complete(rt->rtsp_hd, buf, 3);
1035  if (ret != 3)
1036  return;
1037  len = AV_RB16(buf + 1);
1038 
1039  av_dlog(s, "skipping RTP packet len=%d\n", len);
1040 
1041  /* skip payload */
1042  while (len > 0) {
1043  len1 = len;
1044  if (len1 > sizeof(buf))
1045  len1 = sizeof(buf);
1046  ret = ffurl_read_complete(rt->rtsp_hd, buf, len1);
1047  if (ret != len1)
1048  return;
1049  len -= len1;
1050  }
1051 }
1052 
1054  unsigned char **content_ptr,
1055  int return_on_interleaved_data, const char *method)
1056 {
1057  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1058  char buf[4096], buf1[1024], *q;
1059  unsigned char ch;
1060  const char *p;
1061  int ret, content_length, line_count = 0, request = 0;
1062  unsigned char *content = NULL;
1063 
1064 start:
1065  line_count = 0;
1066  request = 0;
1067  content = NULL;
1068  memset(reply, 0, sizeof(*reply));
1069 
1070  /* parse reply (XXX: use buffers) */
1071  rt->last_reply[0] = '\0';
1072  for (;;) {
1073  q = buf;
1074  for (;;) {
1075  ret = ffurl_read_complete(rt->rtsp_hd, &ch, 1);
1076  av_dlog(s, "ret=%d c=%02x [%c]\n", ret, ch, ch);
1077  if (ret != 1)
1078  return AVERROR_EOF;
1079  if (ch == '\n')
1080  break;
1081  if (ch == '$') {
1082  /* XXX: only parse it if first char on line ? */
1083  if (return_on_interleaved_data) {
1084  return 1;
1085  } else
1087  } else if (ch != '\r') {
1088  if ((q - buf) < sizeof(buf) - 1)
1089  *q++ = ch;
1090  }
1091  }
1092  *q = '\0';
1093 
1094  av_dlog(s, "line='%s'\n", buf);
1095 
1096  /* test if last line */
1097  if (buf[0] == '\0')
1098  break;
1099  p = buf;
1100  if (line_count == 0) {
1101  /* get reply code */
1102  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
1103  if (!strncmp(buf1, "RTSP/", 5)) {
1104  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p);
1105  reply->status_code = atoi(buf1);
1106  av_strlcpy(reply->reason, p, sizeof(reply->reason));
1107  } else {
1108  av_strlcpy(reply->reason, buf1, sizeof(reply->reason)); // method
1109  get_word(buf1, sizeof(buf1), &p); // object
1110  request = 1;
1111  }
1112  } else {
1113  ff_rtsp_parse_line(reply, p, rt, method);
1114  av_strlcat(rt->last_reply, p, sizeof(rt->last_reply));
1115  av_strlcat(rt->last_reply, "\n", sizeof(rt->last_reply));
1116  }
1117  line_count++;
1118  }
1119 
1120  if (rt->session_id[0] == '\0' && reply->session_id[0] != '\0' && !request)
1121  av_strlcpy(rt->session_id, reply->session_id, sizeof(rt->session_id));
1122 
1123  content_length = reply->content_length;
1124  if (content_length > 0) {
1125  /* leave some room for a trailing '\0' (useful for simple parsing) */
1126  content = av_malloc(content_length + 1);
1127  ffurl_read_complete(rt->rtsp_hd, content, content_length);
1128  content[content_length] = '\0';
1129  }
1130  if (content_ptr)
1131  *content_ptr = content;
1132  else
1133  av_free(content);
1134 
1135  if (request) {
1136  char buf[1024];
1137  char base64buf[AV_BASE64_SIZE(sizeof(buf))];
1138  const char* ptr = buf;
1139 
1140  if (!strcmp(reply->reason, "OPTIONS")) {
1141  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "RTSP/1.0 200 OK\r\n");
1142  if (reply->seq)
1143  av_strlcatf(buf, sizeof(buf), "CSeq: %d\r\n", reply->seq);
1144  if (reply->session_id[0])
1145  av_strlcatf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Session: %s\r\n",
1146  reply->session_id);
1147  } else {
1148  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "RTSP/1.0 501 Not Implemented\r\n");
1149  }
1150  av_strlcat(buf, "\r\n", sizeof(buf));
1151 
1152  if (rt->control_transport == RTSP_MODE_TUNNEL) {
1153  av_base64_encode(base64buf, sizeof(base64buf), buf, strlen(buf));
1154  ptr = base64buf;
1155  }
1156  ffurl_write(rt->rtsp_hd_out, ptr, strlen(ptr));
1157 
1158  rt->last_cmd_time = av_gettime();
1159  /* Even if the request from the server had data, it is not the data
1160  * that the caller wants or expects. The memory could also be leaked
1161  * if the actual following reply has content data. */
1162  if (content_ptr)
1163  av_freep(content_ptr);
1164  /* If method is set, this is called from ff_rtsp_send_cmd,
1165  * where a reply to exactly this request is awaited. For
1166  * callers from within packet receiving, we just want to
1167  * return to the caller and go back to receiving packets. */
1168  if (method)
1169  goto start;
1170  return 0;
1171  }
1172 
1173  if (rt->seq != reply->seq) {
1174  av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "CSeq %d expected, %d received.\n",
1175  rt->seq, reply->seq);
1176  }
1177 
1178  /* EOS */
1179  if (reply->notice == 2101 /* End-of-Stream Reached */ ||
1180  reply->notice == 2104 /* Start-of-Stream Reached */ ||
1181  reply->notice == 2306 /* Continuous Feed Terminated */) {
1182  rt->state = RTSP_STATE_IDLE;
1183  } else if (reply->notice >= 4400 && reply->notice < 5500) {
1184  return AVERROR(EIO); /* data or server error */
1185  } else if (reply->notice == 2401 /* Ticket Expired */ ||
1186  (reply->notice >= 5500 && reply->notice < 5600) /* end of term */ )
1187  return AVERROR(EPERM);
1188 
1189  return 0;
1190 }
1191 
1192 /**
1193  * Send a command to the RTSP server without waiting for the reply.
1194  *
1195  * @param s RTSP (de)muxer context
1196  * @param method the method for the request
1197  * @param url the target url for the request
1198  * @param headers extra header lines to include in the request
1199  * @param send_content if non-null, the data to send as request body content
1200  * @param send_content_length the length of the send_content data, or 0 if
1201  * send_content is null
1202  *
1203  * @return zero if success, nonzero otherwise
1204  */
1205 static int rtsp_send_cmd_with_content_async(AVFormatContext *s,
1206  const char *method, const char *url,
1207  const char *headers,
1208  const unsigned char *send_content,
1209  int send_content_length)
1210 {
1211  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1212  char buf[4096], *out_buf;
1213  char base64buf[AV_BASE64_SIZE(sizeof(buf))];
1214 
1215  /* Add in RTSP headers */
1216  out_buf = buf;
1217  rt->seq++;
1218  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s RTSP/1.0\r\n", method, url);
1219  if (headers)
1220  av_strlcat(buf, headers, sizeof(buf));
1221  av_strlcatf(buf, sizeof(buf), "CSeq: %d\r\n", rt->seq);
1222  av_strlcatf(buf, sizeof(buf), "User-Agent: %s\r\n", rt->user_agent);
1223  if (rt->session_id[0] != '\0' && (!headers ||
1224  !strstr(headers, "\nIf-Match:"))) {
1225  av_strlcatf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Session: %s\r\n", rt->session_id);
1226  }
1227  if (rt->auth[0]) {
1228  char *str = ff_http_auth_create_response(&rt->auth_state,
1229  rt->auth, url, method);
1230  if (str)
1231  av_strlcat(buf, str, sizeof(buf));
1232  av_free(str);
1233  }
1234  if (send_content_length > 0 && send_content)
1235  av_strlcatf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Content-Length: %d\r\n", send_content_length);
1236  av_strlcat(buf, "\r\n", sizeof(buf));
1237 
1238  /* base64 encode rtsp if tunneling */
1239  if (rt->control_transport == RTSP_MODE_TUNNEL) {
1240  av_base64_encode(base64buf, sizeof(base64buf), buf, strlen(buf));
1241  out_buf = base64buf;
1242  }
1243 
1244  av_dlog(s, "Sending:\n%s--\n", buf);
1245 
1246  ffurl_write(rt->rtsp_hd_out, out_buf, strlen(out_buf));
1247  if (send_content_length > 0 && send_content) {
1248  if (rt->control_transport == RTSP_MODE_TUNNEL) {
1249  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "tunneling of RTSP requests "
1250  "with content data not supported\n");
1251  return AVERROR_PATCHWELCOME;
1252  }
1253  ffurl_write(rt->rtsp_hd_out, send_content, send_content_length);
1254  }
1255  rt->last_cmd_time = av_gettime();
1256 
1257  return 0;
1258 }
1259 
1260 int ff_rtsp_send_cmd_async(AVFormatContext *s, const char *method,
1261  const char *url, const char *headers)
1262 {
1263  return rtsp_send_cmd_with_content_async(s, method, url, headers, NULL, 0);
1264 }
1265 
1266 int ff_rtsp_send_cmd(AVFormatContext *s, const char *method, const char *url,
1267  const char *headers, RTSPMessageHeader *reply,
1268  unsigned char **content_ptr)
1269 {
1270  return ff_rtsp_send_cmd_with_content(s, method, url, headers, reply,
1271  content_ptr, NULL, 0);
1272 }
1273 
1275  const char *method, const char *url,
1276  const char *header,
1277  RTSPMessageHeader *reply,
1278  unsigned char **content_ptr,
1279  const unsigned char *send_content,
1280  int send_content_length)
1281 {
1282  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1283  HTTPAuthType cur_auth_type;
1284  int ret, attempts = 0;
1285 
1286 retry:
1287  cur_auth_type = rt->auth_state.auth_type;
1288  if ((ret = rtsp_send_cmd_with_content_async(s, method, url, header,
1289  send_content,
1290  send_content_length)))
1291  return ret;
1292 
1293  if ((ret = ff_rtsp_read_reply(s, reply, content_ptr, 0, method) ) < 0)
1294  return ret;
1295  attempts++;
1296 
1297  if (reply->status_code == 401 &&
1298  (cur_auth_type == HTTP_AUTH_NONE || rt->auth_state.stale) &&
1299  rt->auth_state.auth_type != HTTP_AUTH_NONE && attempts < 2)
1300  goto retry;
1301 
1302  if (reply->status_code > 400){
1303  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "method %s failed: %d%s\n",
1304  method,
1305  reply->status_code,
1306  reply->reason);
1307  av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "%s\n", rt->last_reply);
1308  }
1309 
1310  return 0;
1311 }
1312 
1313 int ff_rtsp_make_setup_request(AVFormatContext *s, const char *host, int port,
1314  int lower_transport, const char *real_challenge)
1315 {
1316  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1317  int rtx = 0, j, i, err, interleave = 0, port_off;
1318  RTSPStream *rtsp_st;
1319  RTSPMessageHeader reply1, *reply = &reply1;
1320  char cmd[2048];
1321  const char *trans_pref;
1322 
1323  if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RDT)
1324  trans_pref = "x-pn-tng";
1325  else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RAW)
1326  trans_pref = "RAW/RAW";
1327  else
1328  trans_pref = "RTP/AVP";
1329 
1330  /* default timeout: 1 minute */
1331  rt->timeout = 60;
1332 
1333  /* Choose a random starting offset within the first half of the
1334  * port range, to allow for a number of ports to try even if the offset
1335  * happens to be at the end of the random range. */
1336  port_off = av_get_random_seed() % ((rt->rtp_port_max - rt->rtp_port_min)/2);
1337  /* even random offset */
1338  port_off -= port_off & 0x01;
1339 
1340  for (j = rt->rtp_port_min + port_off, i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; ++i) {
1341  char transport[2048];
1342 
1343  /*
1344  * WMS serves all UDP data over a single connection, the RTX, which
1345  * isn't necessarily the first in the SDP but has to be the first
1346  * to be set up, else the second/third SETUP will fail with a 461.
1347  */
1348  if (lower_transport == RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_UDP &&
1349  rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS) {
1350  if (i == 0) {
1351  /* rtx first */
1352  for (rtx = 0; rtx < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; rtx++) {
1353  int len = strlen(rt->rtsp_streams[rtx]->control_url);
1354  if (len >= 4 &&
1355  !strcmp(rt->rtsp_streams[rtx]->control_url + len - 4,
1356  "/rtx"))
1357  break;
1358  }
1359  if (rtx == rt->nb_rtsp_streams)
1360  return -1; /* no RTX found */
1361  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[rtx];
1362  } else
1363  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i > rtx ? i : i - 1];
1364  } else
1365  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
1366 
1367  /* RTP/UDP */
1368  if (lower_transport == RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_UDP) {
1369  char buf[256];
1370 
1371  if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS && i > 1) {
1372  port = reply->transports[0].client_port_min;
1373  goto have_port;
1374  }
1375 
1376  /* first try in specified port range */
1377  while (j <= rt->rtp_port_max) {
1378  ff_url_join(buf, sizeof(buf), "rtp", NULL, host, -1,
1379  "?localport=%d", j);
1380  /* we will use two ports per rtp stream (rtp and rtcp) */
1381  j += 2;
1382  if (!ffurl_open(&rtsp_st->rtp_handle, buf, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE,
1383  &s->interrupt_callback, NULL))
1384  goto rtp_opened;
1385  }
1386  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to open an input RTP port\n");
1387  err = AVERROR(EIO);
1388  goto fail;
1389 
1390  rtp_opened:
1391  port = ff_rtp_get_local_rtp_port(rtsp_st->rtp_handle);
1392  have_port:
1393  snprintf(transport, sizeof(transport) - 1,
1394  "%s/UDP;", trans_pref);
1395  if (rt->server_type != RTSP_SERVER_REAL)
1396  av_strlcat(transport, "unicast;", sizeof(transport));
1397  av_strlcatf(transport, sizeof(transport),
1398  "client_port=%d", port);
1399  if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP &&
1400  !(rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS && i > 0))
1401  av_strlcatf(transport, sizeof(transport), "-%d", port + 1);
1402  }
1403 
1404  /* RTP/TCP */
1405  else if (lower_transport == RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_TCP) {
1406  /* For WMS streams, the application streams are only used for
1407  * UDP. When trying to set it up for TCP streams, the server
1408  * will return an error. Therefore, we skip those streams. */
1409  if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS &&
1410  (rtsp_st->stream_index < 0 ||
1411  s->streams[rtsp_st->stream_index]->codec->codec_type ==
1413  continue;
1414  snprintf(transport, sizeof(transport) - 1,
1415  "%s/TCP;", trans_pref);
1416  if (rt->transport != RTSP_TRANSPORT_RDT)
1417  av_strlcat(transport, "unicast;", sizeof(transport));
1418  av_strlcatf(transport, sizeof(transport),
1419  "interleaved=%d-%d",
1420  interleave, interleave + 1);
1421  interleave += 2;
1422  }
1423 
1424  else if (lower_transport == RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_UDP_MULTICAST) {
1425  snprintf(transport, sizeof(transport) - 1,
1426  "%s/UDP;multicast", trans_pref);
1427  }
1428  if (s->oformat) {
1429  av_strlcat(transport, ";mode=record", sizeof(transport));
1430  } else if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_REAL ||
1432  av_strlcat(transport, ";mode=play", sizeof(transport));
1433  snprintf(cmd, sizeof(cmd),
1434  "Transport: %s\r\n",
1435  transport);
1436  if (rt->accept_dynamic_rate)
1437  av_strlcat(cmd, "x-Dynamic-Rate: 0\r\n", sizeof(cmd));
1438  if (i == 0 && rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_REAL && CONFIG_RTPDEC) {
1439  char real_res[41], real_csum[9];
1440  ff_rdt_calc_response_and_checksum(real_res, real_csum,
1441  real_challenge);
1442  av_strlcatf(cmd, sizeof(cmd),
1443  "If-Match: %s\r\n"
1444  "RealChallenge2: %s, sd=%s\r\n",
1445  rt->session_id, real_res, real_csum);
1446  }
1447  ff_rtsp_send_cmd(s, "SETUP", rtsp_st->control_url, cmd, reply, NULL);
1448  if (reply->status_code == 461 /* Unsupported protocol */ && i == 0) {
1449  err = 1;
1450  goto fail;
1451  } else if (reply->status_code != RTSP_STATUS_OK ||
1452  reply->nb_transports != 1) {
1453  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1454  goto fail;
1455  }
1456 
1457  /* XXX: same protocol for all streams is required */
1458  if (i > 0) {
1459  if (reply->transports[0].lower_transport != rt->lower_transport ||
1460  reply->transports[0].transport != rt->transport) {
1461  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1462  goto fail;
1463  }
1464  } else {
1465  rt->lower_transport = reply->transports[0].lower_transport;
1466  rt->transport = reply->transports[0].transport;
1467  }
1468 
1469  /* Fail if the server responded with another lower transport mode
1470  * than what we requested. */
1471  if (reply->transports[0].lower_transport != lower_transport) {
1472  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Nonmatching transport in server reply\n");
1473  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1474  goto fail;
1475  }
1476 
1477  switch(reply->transports[0].lower_transport) {
1479  rtsp_st->interleaved_min = reply->transports[0].interleaved_min;
1480  rtsp_st->interleaved_max = reply->transports[0].interleaved_max;
1481  break;
1482 
1483  case RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_UDP: {
1484  char url[1024], options[30] = "";
1485  const char *peer = host;
1486 
1487  if (rt->rtsp_flags & RTSP_FLAG_FILTER_SRC)
1488  av_strlcpy(options, "?connect=1", sizeof(options));
1489  /* Use source address if specified */
1490  if (reply->transports[0].source[0])
1491  peer = reply->transports[0].source;
1492  ff_url_join(url, sizeof(url), "rtp", NULL, peer,
1493  reply->transports[0].server_port_min, "%s", options);
1494  if (!(rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS && i > 1) &&
1495  ff_rtp_set_remote_url(rtsp_st->rtp_handle, url) < 0) {
1496  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1497  goto fail;
1498  }
1499  /* Try to initialize the connection state in a
1500  * potential NAT router by sending dummy packets.
1501  * RTP/RTCP dummy packets are used for RDT, too.
1502  */
1503  if (!(rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_WMS && i > 1) && s->iformat &&
1504  CONFIG_RTPDEC)
1506  break;
1507  }
1509  char url[1024], namebuf[50], optbuf[20] = "";
1510  struct sockaddr_storage addr;
1511  int port, ttl;
1512 
1513  if (reply->transports[0].destination.ss_family) {
1514  addr = reply->transports[0].destination;
1515  port = reply->transports[0].port_min;
1516  ttl = reply->transports[0].ttl;
1517  } else {
1518  addr = rtsp_st->sdp_ip;
1519  port = rtsp_st->sdp_port;
1520  ttl = rtsp_st->sdp_ttl;
1521  }
1522  if (ttl > 0)
1523  snprintf(optbuf, sizeof(optbuf), "?ttl=%d", ttl);
1524  getnameinfo((struct sockaddr*) &addr, sizeof(addr),
1525  namebuf, sizeof(namebuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
1526  ff_url_join(url, sizeof(url), "rtp", NULL, namebuf,
1527  port, "%s", optbuf);
1528  if (ffurl_open(&rtsp_st->rtp_handle, url, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE,
1529  &s->interrupt_callback, NULL) < 0) {
1530  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1531  goto fail;
1532  }
1533  break;
1534  }
1535  }
1536 
1537  if ((err = ff_rtsp_open_transport_ctx(s, rtsp_st)))
1538  goto fail;
1539  }
1540 
1541  if (rt->nb_rtsp_streams && reply->timeout > 0)
1542  rt->timeout = reply->timeout;
1543 
1544  if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_REAL)
1545  rt->need_subscription = 1;
1546 
1547  return 0;
1548 
1549 fail:
1550  ff_rtsp_undo_setup(s);
1551  return err;
1552 }
1553 
1555 {
1556  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1557  if (rt->rtsp_hd_out != rt->rtsp_hd) ffurl_close(rt->rtsp_hd_out);
1558  ffurl_close(rt->rtsp_hd);
1559  rt->rtsp_hd = rt->rtsp_hd_out = NULL;
1560 }
1561 
1563 {
1564  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1565  char host[1024], path[1024], tcpname[1024], cmd[2048], auth[128];
1566  int port, err, tcp_fd;
1567  RTSPMessageHeader reply1 = {0}, *reply = &reply1;
1568  int lower_transport_mask = 0;
1569  char real_challenge[64] = "";
1570  struct sockaddr_storage peer;
1571  socklen_t peer_len = sizeof(peer);
1572 
1573  if (rt->rtp_port_max < rt->rtp_port_min) {
1574  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid UDP port range, max port %d less "
1575  "than min port %d\n", rt->rtp_port_max,
1576  rt->rtp_port_min);
1577  return AVERROR(EINVAL);
1578  }
1579 
1580  if (!ff_network_init())
1581  return AVERROR(EIO);
1582 
1583  if (s->max_delay < 0) /* Not set by the caller */
1585 
1590  }
1591  /* Only pass through valid flags from here */
1593 
1594 redirect:
1595  lower_transport_mask = rt->lower_transport_mask;
1596  /* extract hostname and port */
1597  av_url_split(NULL, 0, auth, sizeof(auth),
1598  host, sizeof(host), &port, path, sizeof(path), s->filename);
1599  if (*auth) {
1600  av_strlcpy(rt->auth, auth, sizeof(rt->auth));
1601  }
1602  if (port < 0)
1603  port = RTSP_DEFAULT_PORT;
1604 
1605  if (!lower_transport_mask)
1606  lower_transport_mask = (1 << RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_NB) - 1;
1607 
1608  if (s->oformat) {
1609  /* Only UDP or TCP - UDP multicast isn't supported. */
1610  lower_transport_mask &= (1 << RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_UDP) |
1611  (1 << RTSP_LOWER_TRANSPORT_TCP);
1612  if (!lower_transport_mask || rt->control_transport == RTSP_MODE_TUNNEL) {
1613  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unsupported lower transport method, "
1614  "only UDP and TCP are supported for output.\n");
1615  err = AVERROR(EINVAL);
1616  goto fail;
1617  }
1618  }
1619 
1620  /* Construct the URI used in request; this is similar to s->filename,
1621  * but with authentication credentials removed and RTSP specific options
1622  * stripped out. */
1623  ff_url_join(rt->control_uri, sizeof(rt->control_uri), "rtsp", NULL,
1624  host, port, "%s", path);
1625 
1626  if (rt->control_transport == RTSP_MODE_TUNNEL) {
1627  /* set up initial handshake for tunneling */
1628  char httpname[1024];
1629  char sessioncookie[17];
1630  char headers[1024];
1631 
1632  ff_url_join(httpname, sizeof(httpname), "http", auth, host, port, "%s", path);
1633  snprintf(sessioncookie, sizeof(sessioncookie), "%08x%08x",
1635 
1636  /* GET requests */
1637  if (ffurl_alloc(&rt->rtsp_hd, httpname, AVIO_FLAG_READ,
1638  &s->interrupt_callback) < 0) {
1639  err = AVERROR(EIO);
1640  goto fail;
1641  }
1642 
1643  /* generate GET headers */
1644  snprintf(headers, sizeof(headers),
1645  "x-sessioncookie: %s\r\n"
1646  "Accept: application/x-rtsp-tunnelled\r\n"
1647  "Pragma: no-cache\r\n"
1648  "Cache-Control: no-cache\r\n",
1649  sessioncookie);
1650  av_opt_set(rt->rtsp_hd->priv_data, "headers", headers, 0);
1651 
1652  /* complete the connection */
1653  if (ffurl_connect(rt->rtsp_hd, NULL)) {
1654  err = AVERROR(EIO);
1655  goto fail;
1656  }
1657 
1658  /* POST requests */
1659  if (ffurl_alloc(&rt->rtsp_hd_out, httpname, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE,
1660  &s->interrupt_callback) < 0 ) {
1661  err = AVERROR(EIO);
1662  goto fail;
1663  }
1664 
1665  /* generate POST headers */
1666  snprintf(headers, sizeof(headers),
1667  "x-sessioncookie: %s\r\n"
1668  "Content-Type: application/x-rtsp-tunnelled\r\n"
1669  "Pragma: no-cache\r\n"
1670  "Cache-Control: no-cache\r\n"
1671  "Content-Length: 32767\r\n"
1672  "Expires: Sun, 9 Jan 1972 00:00:00 GMT\r\n",
1673  sessioncookie);
1674  av_opt_set(rt->rtsp_hd_out->priv_data, "headers", headers, 0);
1675  av_opt_set(rt->rtsp_hd_out->priv_data, "chunked_post", "0", 0);
1676 
1677  /* Initialize the authentication state for the POST session. The HTTP
1678  * protocol implementation doesn't properly handle multi-pass
1679  * authentication for POST requests, since it would require one of
1680  * the following:
1681  * - implementing Expect: 100-continue, which many HTTP servers
1682  * don't support anyway, even less the RTSP servers that do HTTP
1683  * tunneling
1684  * - sending the whole POST data until getting a 401 reply specifying
1685  * what authentication method to use, then resending all that data
1686  * - waiting for potential 401 replies directly after sending the
1687  * POST header (waiting for some unspecified time)
1688  * Therefore, we copy the full auth state, which works for both basic
1689  * and digest. (For digest, we would have to synchronize the nonce
1690  * count variable between the two sessions, if we'd do more requests
1691  * with the original session, though.)
1692  */
1694 
1695  /* complete the connection */
1696  if (ffurl_connect(rt->rtsp_hd_out, NULL)) {
1697  err = AVERROR(EIO);
1698  goto fail;
1699  }
1700  } else {
1701  /* open the tcp connection */
1702  ff_url_join(tcpname, sizeof(tcpname), "tcp", NULL, host, port,
1703  "?timeout=%d", rt->stimeout);
1704  if (ffurl_open(&rt->rtsp_hd, tcpname, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE,
1705  &s->interrupt_callback, NULL) < 0) {
1706  err = AVERROR(EIO);
1707  goto fail;
1708  }
1709  rt->rtsp_hd_out = rt->rtsp_hd;
1710  }
1711  rt->seq = 0;
1712 
1713  tcp_fd = ffurl_get_file_handle(rt->rtsp_hd);
1714  if (!getpeername(tcp_fd, (struct sockaddr*) &peer, &peer_len)) {
1715  getnameinfo((struct sockaddr*) &peer, peer_len, host, sizeof(host),
1716  NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
1717  }
1718 
1719  /* request options supported by the server; this also detects server
1720  * type */
1721  for (rt->server_type = RTSP_SERVER_RTP;;) {
1722  cmd[0] = 0;
1723  if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_REAL)
1724  av_strlcat(cmd,
1725  /*
1726  * The following entries are required for proper
1727  * streaming from a Realmedia server. They are
1728  * interdependent in some way although we currently
1729  * don't quite understand how. Values were copied
1730  * from mplayer SVN r23589.
1731  * ClientChallenge is a 16-byte ID in hex
1732  * CompanyID is a 16-byte ID in base64
1733  */
1734  "ClientChallenge: 9e26d33f2984236010ef6253fb1887f7\r\n"
1735  "PlayerStarttime: [28/03/2003:22:50:23 00:00]\r\n"
1736  "CompanyID: KnKV4M4I/B2FjJ1TToLycw==\r\n"
1737  "GUID: 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000\r\n",
1738  sizeof(cmd));
1739  ff_rtsp_send_cmd(s, "OPTIONS", rt->control_uri, cmd, reply, NULL);
1740  if (reply->status_code != RTSP_STATUS_OK) {
1741  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1742  goto fail;
1743  }
1744 
1745  /* detect server type if not standard-compliant RTP */
1746  if (rt->server_type != RTSP_SERVER_REAL && reply->real_challenge[0]) {
1748  continue;
1749  } else if (!av_strncasecmp(reply->server, "WMServer/", 9)) {
1751  } else if (rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_REAL)
1752  strcpy(real_challenge, reply->real_challenge);
1753  break;
1754  }
1755 
1756  if (s->iformat && CONFIG_RTSP_DEMUXER)
1757  err = ff_rtsp_setup_input_streams(s, reply);
1758  else if (CONFIG_RTSP_MUXER)
1759  err = ff_rtsp_setup_output_streams(s, host);
1760  if (err)
1761  goto fail;
1762 
1763  do {
1764  int lower_transport = ff_log2_tab[lower_transport_mask &
1765  ~(lower_transport_mask - 1)];
1766 
1767  err = ff_rtsp_make_setup_request(s, host, port, lower_transport,
1768  rt->server_type == RTSP_SERVER_REAL ?
1769  real_challenge : NULL);
1770  if (err < 0)
1771  goto fail;
1772  lower_transport_mask &= ~(1 << lower_transport);
1773  if (lower_transport_mask == 0 && err == 1) {
1774  err = AVERROR(EPROTONOSUPPORT);
1775  goto fail;
1776  }
1777  } while (err);
1778 
1779  rt->lower_transport_mask = lower_transport_mask;
1780  av_strlcpy(rt->real_challenge, real_challenge, sizeof(rt->real_challenge));
1781  rt->state = RTSP_STATE_IDLE;
1782  rt->seek_timestamp = 0; /* default is to start stream at position zero */
1783  return 0;
1784  fail:
1787  if (reply->status_code >=300 && reply->status_code < 400 && s->iformat) {
1788  av_strlcpy(s->filename, reply->location, sizeof(s->filename));
1789  av_log(s, AV_LOG_INFO, "Status %d: Redirecting to %s\n",
1790  reply->status_code,
1791  s->filename);
1792  goto redirect;
1793  }
1794  ff_network_close();
1795  return err;
1796 }
1797 #endif /* CONFIG_RTSP_DEMUXER || CONFIG_RTSP_MUXER */
1798 
1799 #if CONFIG_RTPDEC
1800 static int udp_read_packet(AVFormatContext *s, RTSPStream **prtsp_st,
1801  uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, int64_t wait_end)
1802 {
1803  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1804  RTSPStream *rtsp_st;
1805  int n, i, ret, tcp_fd, timeout_cnt = 0;
1806  int max_p = 0;
1807  struct pollfd *p = rt->p;
1808  int *fds = NULL, fdsnum, fdsidx;
1809 
1810  for (;;) {
1812  return AVERROR_EXIT;
1813  if (wait_end && wait_end - av_gettime() < 0)
1814  return AVERROR(EAGAIN);
1815  max_p = 0;
1816  if (rt->rtsp_hd) {
1817  tcp_fd = ffurl_get_file_handle(rt->rtsp_hd);
1818  p[max_p].fd = tcp_fd;
1819  p[max_p++].events = POLLIN;
1820  } else {
1821  tcp_fd = -1;
1822  }
1823  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
1824  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
1825  if (rtsp_st->rtp_handle) {
1826  if (ret = ffurl_get_multi_file_handle(rtsp_st->rtp_handle,
1827  &fds, &fdsnum)) {
1828  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to recover rtp ports\n");
1829  return ret;
1830  }
1831  if (fdsnum != 2) {
1832  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
1833  "Number of fds %d not supported\n", fdsnum);
1834  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
1835  }
1836  for (fdsidx = 0; fdsidx < fdsnum; fdsidx++) {
1837  p[max_p].fd = fds[fdsidx];
1838  p[max_p++].events = POLLIN;
1839  }
1840  av_free(fds);
1841  }
1842  }
1843  n = poll(p, max_p, POLL_TIMEOUT_MS);
1844  if (n > 0) {
1845  int j = 1 - (tcp_fd == -1);
1846  timeout_cnt = 0;
1847  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
1848  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
1849  if (rtsp_st->rtp_handle) {
1850  if (p[j].revents & POLLIN || p[j+1].revents & POLLIN) {
1851  ret = ffurl_read(rtsp_st->rtp_handle, buf, buf_size);
1852  if (ret > 0) {
1853  *prtsp_st = rtsp_st;
1854  return ret;
1855  }
1856  }
1857  j+=2;
1858  }
1859  }
1860 #if CONFIG_RTSP_DEMUXER
1861  if (tcp_fd != -1 && p[0].revents & POLLIN) {
1862  if (rt->rtsp_flags & RTSP_FLAG_LISTEN) {
1863  if (rt->state == RTSP_STATE_STREAMING) {
1865  return AVERROR_EOF;
1866  else
1868  "Unable to answer to TEARDOWN\n");
1869  } else
1870  return 0;
1871  } else {
1872  RTSPMessageHeader reply;
1873  ret = ff_rtsp_read_reply(s, &reply, NULL, 0, NULL);
1874  if (ret < 0)
1875  return ret;
1876  /* XXX: parse message */
1877  if (rt->state != RTSP_STATE_STREAMING)
1878  return 0;
1879  }
1880  }
1881 #endif
1882  } else if (n == 0 && ++timeout_cnt >= MAX_TIMEOUTS) {
1883  return AVERROR(ETIMEDOUT);
1884  } else if (n < 0 && errno != EINTR)
1885  return AVERROR(errno);
1886  }
1887 }
1888 
1889 static int pick_stream(AVFormatContext *s, RTSPStream **rtsp_st,
1890  const uint8_t *buf, int len)
1891 {
1892  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1893  int i;
1894  if (len < 0)
1895  return len;
1896  if (rt->nb_rtsp_streams == 1) {
1897  *rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[0];
1898  return len;
1899  }
1900  if (len >= 8 && rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP) {
1901  if (RTP_PT_IS_RTCP(rt->recvbuf[1])) {
1902  int no_ssrc = 0;
1903  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
1904  RTPDemuxContext *rtpctx = rt->rtsp_streams[i]->transport_priv;
1905  if (!rtpctx)
1906  continue;
1907  if (rtpctx->ssrc == AV_RB32(&buf[4])) {
1908  *rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
1909  return len;
1910  }
1911  if (!rtpctx->ssrc)
1912  no_ssrc = 1;
1913  }
1914  if (no_ssrc) {
1916  "Unable to pick stream for packet - SSRC not known for "
1917  "all streams\n");
1918  return AVERROR(EAGAIN);
1919  }
1920  } else {
1921  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
1922  if ((buf[1] & 0x7f) == rt->rtsp_streams[i]->sdp_payload_type) {
1923  *rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
1924  return len;
1925  }
1926  }
1927  }
1928  }
1929  av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unable to pick stream for packet\n");
1930  return AVERROR(EAGAIN);
1931 }
1932 
1934 {
1935  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
1936  int ret, len;
1937  RTSPStream *rtsp_st, *first_queue_st = NULL;
1938  int64_t wait_end = 0;
1939 
1940  if (rt->nb_byes == rt->nb_rtsp_streams)
1941  return AVERROR_EOF;
1942 
1943  /* get next frames from the same RTP packet */
1944  if (rt->cur_transport_priv) {
1945  if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RDT) {
1946  ret = ff_rdt_parse_packet(rt->cur_transport_priv, pkt, NULL, 0);
1947  } else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP) {
1948  ret = ff_rtp_parse_packet(rt->cur_transport_priv, pkt, NULL, 0);
1949  } else if (rt->ts && CONFIG_RTPDEC) {
1950  ret = ff_mpegts_parse_packet(rt->ts, pkt, rt->recvbuf + rt->recvbuf_pos, rt->recvbuf_len - rt->recvbuf_pos);
1951  if (ret >= 0) {
1952  rt->recvbuf_pos += ret;
1953  ret = rt->recvbuf_pos < rt->recvbuf_len;
1954  }
1955  } else
1956  ret = -1;
1957  if (ret == 0) {
1958  rt->cur_transport_priv = NULL;
1959  return 0;
1960  } else if (ret == 1) {
1961  return 0;
1962  } else
1963  rt->cur_transport_priv = NULL;
1964  }
1965 
1966 redo:
1967  if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP) {
1968  int i;
1969  int64_t first_queue_time = 0;
1970  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
1971  RTPDemuxContext *rtpctx = rt->rtsp_streams[i]->transport_priv;
1972  int64_t queue_time;
1973  if (!rtpctx)
1974  continue;
1975  queue_time = ff_rtp_queued_packet_time(rtpctx);
1976  if (queue_time && (queue_time - first_queue_time < 0 ||
1977  !first_queue_time)) {
1978  first_queue_time = queue_time;
1979  first_queue_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
1980  }
1981  }
1982  if (first_queue_time) {
1983  wait_end = first_queue_time + s->max_delay;
1984  } else {
1985  wait_end = 0;
1986  first_queue_st = NULL;
1987  }
1988  }
1989 
1990  /* read next RTP packet */
1991  if (!rt->recvbuf) {
1993  if (!rt->recvbuf)
1994  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
1995  }
1996 
1997  switch(rt->lower_transport) {
1998  default:
1999 #if CONFIG_RTSP_DEMUXER
2001  len = ff_rtsp_tcp_read_packet(s, &rtsp_st, rt->recvbuf, RECVBUF_SIZE);
2002  break;
2003 #endif
2006  len = udp_read_packet(s, &rtsp_st, rt->recvbuf, RECVBUF_SIZE, wait_end);
2007  if (len > 0 && rtsp_st->transport_priv && rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP)
2008  ff_rtp_check_and_send_back_rr(rtsp_st->transport_priv, rtsp_st->rtp_handle, NULL, len);
2009  break;
2011  if (first_queue_st && rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP &&
2012  wait_end && wait_end < av_gettime())
2013  len = AVERROR(EAGAIN);
2014  else
2015  len = ffio_read_partial(s->pb, rt->recvbuf, RECVBUF_SIZE);
2016  len = pick_stream(s, &rtsp_st, rt->recvbuf, len);
2017  if (len > 0 && rtsp_st->transport_priv && rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP)
2018  ff_rtp_check_and_send_back_rr(rtsp_st->transport_priv, NULL, s->pb, len);
2019  break;
2020  }
2021  if (len == AVERROR(EAGAIN) && first_queue_st &&
2022  rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP) {
2023  rtsp_st = first_queue_st;
2024  ret = ff_rtp_parse_packet(rtsp_st->transport_priv, pkt, NULL, 0);
2025  goto end;
2026  }
2027  if (len < 0)
2028  return len;
2029  if (len == 0)
2030  return AVERROR_EOF;
2031  if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RDT) {
2032  ret = ff_rdt_parse_packet(rtsp_st->transport_priv, pkt, &rt->recvbuf, len);
2033  } else if (rt->transport == RTSP_TRANSPORT_RTP) {
2034  ret = ff_rtp_parse_packet(rtsp_st->transport_priv, pkt, &rt->recvbuf, len);
2035  if (rtsp_st->feedback) {
2036  AVIOContext *pb = NULL;
2038  pb = s->pb;
2039  ff_rtp_send_rtcp_feedback(rtsp_st->transport_priv, rtsp_st->rtp_handle, pb);
2040  }
2041  if (ret < 0) {
2042  /* Either bad packet, or a RTCP packet. Check if the
2043  * first_rtcp_ntp_time field was initialized. */
2044  RTPDemuxContext *rtpctx = rtsp_st->transport_priv;
2045  if (rtpctx->first_rtcp_ntp_time != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
2046  /* first_rtcp_ntp_time has been initialized for this stream,
2047  * copy the same value to all other uninitialized streams,
2048  * in order to map their timestamp origin to the same ntp time
2049  * as this one. */
2050  int i;
2051  AVStream *st = NULL;
2052  if (rtsp_st->stream_index >= 0)
2053  st = s->streams[rtsp_st->stream_index];
2054  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
2055  RTPDemuxContext *rtpctx2 = rt->rtsp_streams[i]->transport_priv;
2056  AVStream *st2 = NULL;
2057  if (rt->rtsp_streams[i]->stream_index >= 0)
2058  st2 = s->streams[rt->rtsp_streams[i]->stream_index];
2059  if (rtpctx2 && st && st2 &&
2060  rtpctx2->first_rtcp_ntp_time == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
2061  rtpctx2->first_rtcp_ntp_time = rtpctx->first_rtcp_ntp_time;
2062  rtpctx2->rtcp_ts_offset = av_rescale_q(
2063  rtpctx->rtcp_ts_offset, st->time_base,
2064  st2->time_base);
2065  }
2066  }
2067  }
2068  if (ret == -RTCP_BYE) {
2069  rt->nb_byes++;
2070 
2071  av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Received BYE for stream %d (%d/%d)\n",
2072  rtsp_st->stream_index, rt->nb_byes, rt->nb_rtsp_streams);
2073 
2074  if (rt->nb_byes == rt->nb_rtsp_streams)
2075  return AVERROR_EOF;
2076  }
2077  }
2078  } else if (rt->ts && CONFIG_RTPDEC) {
2079  ret = ff_mpegts_parse_packet(rt->ts, pkt, rt->recvbuf, len);
2080  if (ret >= 0) {
2081  if (ret < len) {
2082  rt->recvbuf_len = len;
2083  rt->recvbuf_pos = ret;
2084  rt->cur_transport_priv = rt->ts;
2085  return 1;
2086  } else {
2087  ret = 0;
2088  }
2089  }
2090  } else {
2091  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
2092  }
2093 end:
2094  if (ret < 0)
2095  goto redo;
2096  if (ret == 1)
2097  /* more packets may follow, so we save the RTP context */
2098  rt->cur_transport_priv = rtsp_st->transport_priv;
2099 
2100  return ret;
2101 }
2102 #endif /* CONFIG_RTPDEC */
2103 
2104 #if CONFIG_SDP_DEMUXER
2105 static int sdp_probe(AVProbeData *p1)
2106 {
2107  const char *p = p1->buf, *p_end = p1->buf + p1->buf_size;
2108 
2109  /* we look for a line beginning "c=IN IP" */
2110  while (p < p_end && *p != '\0') {
2111  if (p + sizeof("c=IN IP") - 1 < p_end &&
2112  av_strstart(p, "c=IN IP", NULL))
2113  return AVPROBE_SCORE_EXTENSION;
2114 
2115  while (p < p_end - 1 && *p != '\n') p++;
2116  if (++p >= p_end)
2117  break;
2118  if (*p == '\r')
2119  p++;
2120  }
2121  return 0;
2122 }
2123 
2124 static void append_source_addrs(char *buf, int size, const char *name,
2125  int count, struct RTSPSource **addrs)
2126 {
2127  int i;
2128  if (!count)
2129  return;
2130  av_strlcatf(buf, size, "&%s=%s", name, addrs[0]->addr);
2131  for (i = 1; i < count; i++)
2132  av_strlcatf(buf, size, ",%s", addrs[i]->addr);
2133 }
2134 
2135 static int sdp_read_header(AVFormatContext *s)
2136 {
2137  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
2138  RTSPStream *rtsp_st;
2139  int size, i, err;
2140  char *content;
2141  char url[1024];
2142 
2143  if (!ff_network_init())
2144  return AVERROR(EIO);
2145 
2146  if (s->max_delay < 0) /* Not set by the caller */
2148  if (rt->rtsp_flags & RTSP_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO)
2150 
2151  /* read the whole sdp file */
2152  /* XXX: better loading */
2153  content = av_malloc(SDP_MAX_SIZE);
2154  size = avio_read(s->pb, content, SDP_MAX_SIZE - 1);
2155  if (size <= 0) {
2156  av_free(content);
2157  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
2158  }
2159  content[size] ='\0';
2160 
2161  err = ff_sdp_parse(s, content);
2162  av_free(content);
2163  if (err) goto fail;
2164 
2165  /* open each RTP stream */
2166  for (i = 0; i < rt->nb_rtsp_streams; i++) {
2167  char namebuf[50];
2168  rtsp_st = rt->rtsp_streams[i];
2169 
2170  if (!(rt->rtsp_flags & RTSP_FLAG_CUSTOM_IO)) {
2171  getnameinfo((struct sockaddr*) &rtsp_st->sdp_ip, sizeof(rtsp_st->sdp_ip),
2172  namebuf, sizeof(namebuf), NULL, 0, NI_NUMERICHOST);
2173  ff_url_join(url, sizeof(url), "rtp", NULL,
2174  namebuf, rtsp_st->sdp_port,
2175  "?localport=%d&ttl=%d&connect=%d&write_to_source=%d",
2176  rtsp_st->sdp_port, rtsp_st->sdp_ttl,
2177  rt->rtsp_flags & RTSP_FLAG_FILTER_SRC ? 1 : 0,
2178  rt->rtsp_flags & RTSP_FLAG_RTCP_TO_SOURCE ? 1 : 0);
2179 
2180  append_source_addrs(url, sizeof(url), "sources",
2181  rtsp_st->nb_include_source_addrs,
2182  rtsp_st->include_source_addrs);
2183  append_source_addrs(url, sizeof(url), "block",
2184  rtsp_st->nb_exclude_source_addrs,
2185  rtsp_st->exclude_source_addrs);
2186  if (ffurl_open(&rtsp_st->rtp_handle, url, AVIO_FLAG_READ_WRITE,
2187  &s->interrupt_callback, NULL) < 0) {
2188  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
2189  goto fail;
2190  }
2191  }
2192  if ((err = ff_rtsp_open_transport_ctx(s, rtsp_st)))
2193  goto fail;
2194  }
2195  return 0;
2196 fail:
2198  ff_network_close();
2199  return err;
2200 }
2201 
2202 static int sdp_read_close(AVFormatContext *s)
2203 {
2205  ff_network_close();
2206  return 0;
2207 }
2208 
2209 static const AVClass sdp_demuxer_class = {
2210  .class_name = "SDP demuxer",
2211  .item_name = av_default_item_name,
2212  .option = sdp_options,
2213  .version = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
2214 };
2215 
2216 AVInputFormat ff_sdp_demuxer = {
2217  .name = "sdp",
2218  .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("SDP"),
2219  .priv_data_size = sizeof(RTSPState),
2220  .read_probe = sdp_probe,
2221  .read_header = sdp_read_header,
2223  .read_close = sdp_read_close,
2224  .priv_class = &sdp_demuxer_class,
2225 };
2226 #endif /* CONFIG_SDP_DEMUXER */
2227 
2228 #if CONFIG_RTP_DEMUXER
2229 static int rtp_probe(AVProbeData *p)
2230 {
2231  if (av_strstart(p->filename, "rtp:", NULL))
2232  return AVPROBE_SCORE_MAX;
2233  return 0;
2234 }
2235 
2236 static int rtp_read_header(AVFormatContext *s)
2237 {
2238  uint8_t recvbuf[RTP_MAX_PACKET_LENGTH];
2239  char host[500], sdp[500];
2240  int ret, port;
2241  URLContext* in = NULL;
2242  int payload_type;
2243  AVCodecContext codec = { 0 };
2244  struct sockaddr_storage addr;
2245  AVIOContext pb;
2246  socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(addr);
2247  RTSPState *rt = s->priv_data;
2248 
2249  if (!ff_network_init())
2250  return AVERROR(EIO);
2251 
2252  ret = ffurl_open(&in, s->filename, AVIO_FLAG_READ,
2253  &s->interrupt_callback, NULL);
2254  if (ret)
2255  goto fail;
2256 
2257  while (1) {
2258  ret = ffurl_read(in, recvbuf, sizeof(recvbuf));
2259  if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN))
2260  continue;
2261  if (ret < 0)
2262  goto fail;
2263  if (ret < 12) {
2264  av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Received too short packet\n");
2265  continue;
2266  }
2267 
2268  if ((recvbuf[0] & 0xc0) != 0x80) {
2269  av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unsupported RTP version packet "
2270  "received\n");
2271  continue;
2272  }
2273 
2274  if (RTP_PT_IS_RTCP(recvbuf[1]))
2275  continue;
2276 
2277  payload_type = recvbuf[1] & 0x7f;
2278  break;
2279  }
2280  getsockname(ffurl_get_file_handle(in), (struct sockaddr*) &addr, &addrlen);
2281  ffurl_close(in);
2282  in = NULL;
2283 
2284  if (ff_rtp_get_codec_info(&codec, payload_type)) {
2285  av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unable to receive RTP payload type %d "
2286  "without an SDP file describing it\n",
2287  payload_type);
2288  goto fail;
2289  }
2290  if (codec.codec_type != AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA) {
2291  av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Guessing on RTP content - if not received "
2292  "properly you need an SDP file "
2293  "describing it\n");
2294  }
2295 
2296  av_url_split(NULL, 0, NULL, 0, host, sizeof(host), &port,
2297  NULL, 0, s->filename);
2298 
2299  snprintf(sdp, sizeof(sdp),
2300  "v=0\r\nc=IN IP%d %s\r\nm=%s %d RTP/AVP %d\r\n",
2301  addr.ss_family == AF_INET ? 4 : 6, host,
2302  codec.codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA ? "application" :
2303  codec.codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO ? "video" : "audio",
2304  port, payload_type);
2305  av_log(s, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "SDP:\n%s\n", sdp);
2306 
2307  ffio_init_context(&pb, sdp, strlen(sdp), 0, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL);
2308  s->pb = &pb;
2309 
2310  /* sdp_read_header initializes this again */
2311  ff_network_close();
2312 
2313  rt->media_type_mask = (1 << (AVMEDIA_TYPE_DATA+1)) - 1;
2314 
2315  ret = sdp_read_header(s);
2316  s->pb = NULL;
2317  return ret;
2318 
2319 fail:
2320  if (in)
2321  ffurl_close(in);
2322  ff_network_close();
2323  return ret;
2324 }
2325 
2326 static const AVClass rtp_demuxer_class = {
2327  .class_name = "RTP demuxer",
2328  .item_name = av_default_item_name,
2329  .option = rtp_options,
2330  .version = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,
2331 };
2332 
2333 AVInputFormat ff_rtp_demuxer = {
2334  .name = "rtp",
2335  .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("RTP input"),
2336  .priv_data_size = sizeof(RTSPState),
2337  .read_probe = rtp_probe,
2338  .read_header = rtp_read_header,
2340  .read_close = sdp_read_close,
2341  .flags = AVFMT_NOFILE,
2342  .priv_class = &rtp_demuxer_class,
2343 };
2344 #endif /* CONFIG_RTP_DEMUXER */