FFmpeg
 All Data Structures Namespaces Files Functions Variables Typedefs Enumerations Enumerator Macros Groups Pages
ismindex.c
Go to the documentation of this file.
1 /*
2  * Copyright (c) 2012 Martin Storsjo
3  *
4  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
5  *
6  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
7  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
8  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
9  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
10  *
11  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
14  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
15  *
16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
17  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
18  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
19  */
20 
21 /*
22  * To create a simple file for smooth streaming:
23  * ffmpeg <normal input/transcoding options> -movflags frag_keyframe foo.ismv
24  * ismindex -n foo foo.ismv
25  * This step creates foo.ism and foo.ismc that is required by IIS for
26  * serving it.
27  *
28  * By adding -path-prefix path/, the produced foo.ism will refer to the
29  * files foo.ismv as "path/foo.ismv" - the prefix for the generated ismc
30  * file can be set with the -ismc-prefix option similarly.
31  *
32  * To pre-split files for serving as static files by a web server without
33  * any extra server support, create the ismv file as above, and split it:
34  * ismindex -split foo.ismv
35  * This step creates a file Manifest and directories QualityLevel(...),
36  * that can be read directly by a smooth streaming player.
37  *
38  * The -output dir option can be used to request that output files
39  * (both .ism/.ismc, or Manifest/QualityLevels* when splitting)
40  * should be written to this directory instead of in the current directory.
41  * (The directory itself isn't created if it doesn't already exist.)
42  */
43 
44 #include <stdio.h>
45 #include <string.h>
46 
47 #include "cmdutils.h"
48 
49 #include "libavformat/avformat.h"
50 #include "libavformat/os_support.h"
51 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
52 #include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
53 
54 static int usage(const char *argv0, int ret)
55 {
56  fprintf(stderr, "%s [-split] [-n basename] [-path-prefix prefix] "
57  "[-ismc-prefix prefix] [-output dir] file1 [file2] ...\n", argv0);
58  return ret;
59 }
60 
61 struct MoofOffset {
62  int64_t time;
63  int64_t offset;
64  int64_t duration;
65 };
66 
67 struct Track {
68  const char *name;
69  int64_t duration;
70  int bitrate;
71  int track_id;
73  int width, height;
74  int chunks;
79  int timescale;
80  const char *fourcc;
81  int blocksize;
82  int tag;
83 };
84 
85 struct Tracks {
86  int nb_tracks;
87  int64_t duration;
88  struct Track **tracks;
91 };
92 
93 static int copy_tag(AVIOContext *in, AVIOContext *out, int32_t tag_name)
94 {
95  int32_t size, tag;
96 
97  size = avio_rb32(in);
98  tag = avio_rb32(in);
99  avio_wb32(out, size);
100  avio_wb32(out, tag);
101  if (tag != tag_name)
102  return -1;
103  size -= 8;
104  while (size > 0) {
105  char buf[1024];
106  int len = FFMIN(sizeof(buf), size);
107  if (avio_read(in, buf, len) != len)
108  break;
109  avio_write(out, buf, len);
110  size -= len;
111  }
112  return 0;
113 }
114 
115 static int write_fragment(const char *filename, AVIOContext *in)
116 {
117  AVIOContext *out = NULL;
118  int ret;
119 
120  if ((ret = avio_open2(&out, filename, AVIO_FLAG_WRITE, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
121  return ret;
122  copy_tag(in, out, MKBETAG('m', 'o', 'o', 'f'));
123  copy_tag(in, out, MKBETAG('m', 'd', 'a', 't'));
124 
125  avio_flush(out);
126  avio_close(out);
127 
128  return ret;
129 }
130 
131 static int write_fragments(struct Tracks *tracks, int start_index,
132  AVIOContext *in, const char *output_prefix)
133 {
134  char dirname[2048], filename[2048];
135  int i, j;
136 
137  for (i = start_index; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
138  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[i];
139  const char *type = track->is_video ? "video" : "audio";
140  snprintf(dirname, sizeof(dirname), "%sQualityLevels(%d)", output_prefix, track->bitrate);
141  if (mkdir(dirname, 0777) == -1)
142  return AVERROR(errno);
143  for (j = 0; j < track->chunks; j++) {
144  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/Fragments(%s=%"PRId64")",
145  dirname, type, track->offsets[j].time);
146  avio_seek(in, track->offsets[j].offset, SEEK_SET);
147  write_fragment(filename, in);
148  }
149  }
150  return 0;
151 }
152 
153 static int read_tfra(struct Tracks *tracks, int start_index, AVIOContext *f)
154 {
155  int ret = AVERROR_EOF, track_id;
156  int version, fieldlength, i, j;
157  int64_t pos = avio_tell(f);
158  uint32_t size = avio_rb32(f);
159  struct Track *track = NULL;
160 
161  if (avio_rb32(f) != MKBETAG('t', 'f', 'r', 'a'))
162  goto fail;
163  version = avio_r8(f);
164  avio_rb24(f);
165  track_id = avio_rb32(f); /* track id */
166  for (i = start_index; i < tracks->nb_tracks && !track; i++)
167  if (tracks->tracks[i]->track_id == track_id)
168  track = tracks->tracks[i];
169  if (!track) {
170  /* Ok, continue parsing the next atom */
171  ret = 0;
172  goto fail;
173  }
174  fieldlength = avio_rb32(f);
175  track->chunks = avio_rb32(f);
176  track->offsets = av_mallocz_array(track->chunks, sizeof(*track->offsets));
177  if (!track->offsets) {
178  ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
179  goto fail;
180  }
181  for (i = 0; i < track->chunks; i++) {
182  if (version == 1) {
183  track->offsets[i].time = avio_rb64(f);
184  track->offsets[i].offset = avio_rb64(f);
185  } else {
186  track->offsets[i].time = avio_rb32(f);
187  track->offsets[i].offset = avio_rb32(f);
188  }
189  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 4) & 3) + 1; j++)
190  avio_r8(f);
191  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 2) & 3) + 1; j++)
192  avio_r8(f);
193  for (j = 0; j < ((fieldlength >> 0) & 3) + 1; j++)
194  avio_r8(f);
195  if (i > 0)
196  track->offsets[i - 1].duration = track->offsets[i].time -
197  track->offsets[i - 1].time;
198  }
199  if (track->chunks > 0)
200  track->offsets[track->chunks - 1].duration = track->duration -
201  track->offsets[track->chunks - 1].time;
202  ret = 0;
203 
204 fail:
205  avio_seek(f, pos + size, SEEK_SET);
206  return ret;
207 }
208 
209 static int read_mfra(struct Tracks *tracks, int start_index,
210  const char *file, int split, const char *output_prefix)
211 {
212  int err = 0;
213  AVIOContext *f = NULL;
214  int32_t mfra_size;
215 
216  if ((err = avio_open2(&f, file, AVIO_FLAG_READ, NULL, NULL)) < 0)
217  goto fail;
218  avio_seek(f, avio_size(f) - 4, SEEK_SET);
219  mfra_size = avio_rb32(f);
220  avio_seek(f, -mfra_size, SEEK_CUR);
221  if (avio_rb32(f) != mfra_size) {
222  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
223  goto fail;
224  }
225  if (avio_rb32(f) != MKBETAG('m', 'f', 'r', 'a')) {
226  err = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
227  goto fail;
228  }
229  while (!read_tfra(tracks, start_index, f)) {
230  /* Empty */
231  }
232 
233  if (split)
234  err = write_fragments(tracks, start_index, f, output_prefix);
235 
236 fail:
237  if (f)
238  avio_close(f);
239  if (err)
240  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to read the MFRA atom in %s\n", file);
241  return err;
242 }
243 
244 static int get_private_data(struct Track *track, AVCodecContext *codec)
245 {
246  track->codec_private_size = codec->extradata_size;
247  track->codec_private = av_mallocz(codec->extradata_size);
248  if (!track->codec_private)
249  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
250  memcpy(track->codec_private, codec->extradata, codec->extradata_size);
251  return 0;
252 }
253 
254 static int get_video_private_data(struct Track *track, AVCodecContext *codec)
255 {
256  AVIOContext *io = NULL;
257  uint16_t sps_size, pps_size;
258  int err = AVERROR(EINVAL);
259 
260  if (codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1)
261  return get_private_data(track, codec);
262 
263  if (avio_open_dyn_buf(&io) < 0) {
264  err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
265  goto fail;
266  }
267  if (codec->extradata_size < 11 || codec->extradata[0] != 1)
268  goto fail;
269  sps_size = AV_RB16(&codec->extradata[6]);
270  if (11 + sps_size > codec->extradata_size)
271  goto fail;
272  avio_wb32(io, 0x00000001);
273  avio_write(io, &codec->extradata[8], sps_size);
274  pps_size = AV_RB16(&codec->extradata[9 + sps_size]);
275  if (11 + sps_size + pps_size > codec->extradata_size)
276  goto fail;
277  avio_wb32(io, 0x00000001);
278  avio_write(io, &codec->extradata[11 + sps_size], pps_size);
279  err = 0;
280 
281 fail:
283  return err;
284 }
285 
286 static int handle_file(struct Tracks *tracks, const char *file, int split,
287  const char *output_prefix)
288 {
289  AVFormatContext *ctx = NULL;
290  int err = 0, i, orig_tracks = tracks->nb_tracks;
291  char errbuf[50], *ptr;
292  struct Track *track;
293 
294  err = avformat_open_input(&ctx, file, NULL, NULL);
295  if (err < 0) {
296  av_strerror(err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
297  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to open %s: %s\n", file, errbuf);
298  return 1;
299  }
300 
301  err = avformat_find_stream_info(ctx, NULL);
302  if (err < 0) {
303  av_strerror(err, errbuf, sizeof(errbuf));
304  fprintf(stderr, "Unable to identify %s: %s\n", file, errbuf);
305  goto fail;
306  }
307 
308  if (ctx->nb_streams < 1) {
309  fprintf(stderr, "No streams found in %s\n", file);
310  goto fail;
311  }
312 
313  for (i = 0; i < ctx->nb_streams; i++) {
314  struct Track **temp;
315  AVStream *st = ctx->streams[i];
316  track = av_mallocz(sizeof(*track));
317  if (!track) {
318  err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
319  goto fail;
320  }
321  temp = av_realloc(tracks->tracks,
322  sizeof(*tracks->tracks) * (tracks->nb_tracks + 1));
323  if (!temp) {
324  av_free(track);
325  err = AVERROR(ENOMEM);
326  goto fail;
327  }
328  tracks->tracks = temp;
329  tracks->tracks[tracks->nb_tracks] = track;
330 
331  track->name = file;
332  if ((ptr = strrchr(file, '/')) != NULL)
333  track->name = ptr + 1;
334 
335  track->bitrate = st->codec->bit_rate;
336  track->track_id = st->id;
337  track->timescale = st->time_base.den;
338  track->duration = st->duration;
339  track->is_audio = st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;
340  track->is_video = st->codec->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
341 
342  if (!track->is_audio && !track->is_video) {
343  fprintf(stderr,
344  "Track %d in %s is neither video nor audio, skipping\n",
345  track->track_id, file);
346  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[tracks->nb_tracks]);
347  continue;
348  }
349 
350  tracks->duration = FFMAX(tracks->duration,
352  track->timescale, AV_ROUND_UP));
353 
354  if (track->is_audio) {
355  if (tracks->audio_track < 0)
356  tracks->audio_track = tracks->nb_tracks;
357  tracks->nb_audio_tracks++;
358  track->channels = st->codec->channels;
359  track->sample_rate = st->codec->sample_rate;
360  if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
361  track->fourcc = "AACL";
362  track->tag = 255;
363  track->blocksize = 4;
364  } else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_WMAPRO) {
365  track->fourcc = "WMAP";
366  track->tag = st->codec->codec_tag;
367  track->blocksize = st->codec->block_align;
368  }
369  get_private_data(track, st->codec);
370  }
371  if (track->is_video) {
372  if (tracks->video_track < 0)
373  tracks->video_track = tracks->nb_tracks;
374  tracks->nb_video_tracks++;
375  track->width = st->codec->width;
376  track->height = st->codec->height;
377  if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
378  track->fourcc = "H264";
379  else if (st->codec->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1)
380  track->fourcc = "WVC1";
381  get_video_private_data(track, st->codec);
382  }
383 
384  tracks->nb_tracks++;
385  }
386 
387  avformat_close_input(&ctx);
388 
389  err = read_mfra(tracks, orig_tracks, file, split, output_prefix);
390 
391 fail:
392  if (ctx)
393  avformat_close_input(&ctx);
394  return err;
395 }
396 
397 static void output_server_manifest(struct Tracks *tracks, const char *basename,
398  const char *output_prefix,
399  const char *path_prefix,
400  const char *ismc_prefix)
401 {
402  char filename[1000];
403  FILE *out;
404  int i;
405 
406  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s.ism", output_prefix, basename);
407  out = fopen(filename, "w");
408  if (!out) {
409  perror(filename);
410  return;
411  }
412  fprintf(out, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
413  fprintf(out, "<smil xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/SMIL20/Language\">\n");
414  fprintf(out, "\t<head>\n");
415  fprintf(out, "\t\t<meta name=\"clientManifestRelativePath\" "
416  "content=\"%s%s.ismc\" />\n", ismc_prefix, basename);
417  fprintf(out, "\t</head>\n");
418  fprintf(out, "\t<body>\n");
419  fprintf(out, "\t\t<switch>\n");
420  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
421  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[i];
422  const char *type = track->is_video ? "video" : "audio";
423  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t<%s src=\"%s%s\" systemBitrate=\"%d\">\n",
424  type, path_prefix, track->name, track->bitrate);
425  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t\t<param name=\"trackID\" value=\"%d\" "
426  "valueType=\"data\" />\n", track->track_id);
427  fprintf(out, "\t\t\t</%s>\n", type);
428  }
429  fprintf(out, "\t\t</switch>\n");
430  fprintf(out, "\t</body>\n");
431  fprintf(out, "</smil>\n");
432  fclose(out);
433 }
434 
435 static void print_track_chunks(FILE *out, struct Tracks *tracks, int main,
436  const char *type)
437 {
438  int i, j;
439  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[main];
440  for (i = 0; i < track->chunks; i++) {
441  for (j = main + 1; j < tracks->nb_tracks; j++) {
442  if (tracks->tracks[j]->is_audio == track->is_audio &&
443  track->offsets[i].duration != tracks->tracks[j]->offsets[i].duration)
444  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched duration of %s chunk %d in %s and %s\n",
445  type, i, track->name, tracks->tracks[j]->name);
446  }
447  fprintf(out, "\t\t<c n=\"%d\" d=\"%"PRId64"\" />\n",
448  i, track->offsets[i].duration);
449  }
450 }
451 
452 static void output_client_manifest(struct Tracks *tracks, const char *basename,
453  const char *output_prefix, int split)
454 {
455  char filename[1000];
456  FILE *out;
457  int i, j;
458 
459  if (split)
460  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%sManifest", output_prefix);
461  else
462  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s%s.ismc", output_prefix, basename);
463  out = fopen(filename, "w");
464  if (!out) {
465  perror(filename);
466  return;
467  }
468  fprintf(out, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
469  fprintf(out, "<SmoothStreamingMedia MajorVersion=\"2\" MinorVersion=\"0\" "
470  "Duration=\"%"PRId64 "\">\n", tracks->duration * 10);
471  if (tracks->video_track >= 0) {
472  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[tracks->video_track];
473  struct Track *first_track = track;
474  int index = 0;
475  fprintf(out,
476  "\t<StreamIndex Type=\"video\" QualityLevels=\"%d\" "
477  "Chunks=\"%d\" "
478  "Url=\"QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(video={start time})\">\n",
479  tracks->nb_video_tracks, track->chunks);
480  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
481  track = tracks->tracks[i];
482  if (!track->is_video)
483  continue;
484  fprintf(out,
485  "\t\t<QualityLevel Index=\"%d\" Bitrate=\"%d\" "
486  "FourCC=\"%s\" MaxWidth=\"%d\" MaxHeight=\"%d\" "
487  "CodecPrivateData=\"",
488  index, track->bitrate, track->fourcc, track->width, track->height);
489  for (j = 0; j < track->codec_private_size; j++)
490  fprintf(out, "%02X", track->codec_private[j]);
491  fprintf(out, "\" />\n");
492  index++;
493  if (track->chunks != first_track->chunks)
494  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched number of video chunks in %s and %s\n",
495  track->name, first_track->name);
496  }
497  print_track_chunks(out, tracks, tracks->video_track, "video");
498  fprintf(out, "\t</StreamIndex>\n");
499  }
500  if (tracks->audio_track >= 0) {
501  struct Track *track = tracks->tracks[tracks->audio_track];
502  struct Track *first_track = track;
503  int index = 0;
504  fprintf(out,
505  "\t<StreamIndex Type=\"audio\" QualityLevels=\"%d\" "
506  "Chunks=\"%d\" "
507  "Url=\"QualityLevels({bitrate})/Fragments(audio={start time})\">\n",
508  tracks->nb_audio_tracks, track->chunks);
509  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
510  track = tracks->tracks[i];
511  if (!track->is_audio)
512  continue;
513  fprintf(out,
514  "\t\t<QualityLevel Index=\"%d\" Bitrate=\"%d\" "
515  "FourCC=\"%s\" SamplingRate=\"%d\" Channels=\"%d\" "
516  "BitsPerSample=\"16\" PacketSize=\"%d\" "
517  "AudioTag=\"%d\" CodecPrivateData=\"",
518  index, track->bitrate, track->fourcc, track->sample_rate,
519  track->channels, track->blocksize, track->tag);
520  for (j = 0; j < track->codec_private_size; j++)
521  fprintf(out, "%02X", track->codec_private[j]);
522  fprintf(out, "\" />\n");
523  index++;
524  if (track->chunks != first_track->chunks)
525  fprintf(stderr, "Mismatched number of audio chunks in %s and %s\n",
526  track->name, first_track->name);
527  }
528  print_track_chunks(out, tracks, tracks->audio_track, "audio");
529  fprintf(out, "\t</StreamIndex>\n");
530  }
531  fprintf(out, "</SmoothStreamingMedia>\n");
532  fclose(out);
533 }
534 
535 static void clean_tracks(struct Tracks *tracks)
536 {
537  int i;
538  for (i = 0; i < tracks->nb_tracks; i++) {
539  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[i]->codec_private);
540  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[i]->offsets);
541  av_freep(&tracks->tracks[i]);
542  }
543  av_freep(&tracks->tracks);
544  tracks->nb_tracks = 0;
545 }
546 
547 int main(int argc, char **argv)
548 {
549  const char *basename = NULL;
550  const char *path_prefix = "", *ismc_prefix = "";
551  const char *output_prefix = "";
552  char output_prefix_buf[2048];
553  int split = 0, i;
554  struct Tracks tracks = { 0, .video_track = -1, .audio_track = -1 };
555 
556  av_register_all();
557 
558  for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
559  if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-n")) {
560  basename = argv[i + 1];
561  i++;
562  } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-path-prefix")) {
563  path_prefix = argv[i + 1];
564  i++;
565  } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-ismc-prefix")) {
566  ismc_prefix = argv[i + 1];
567  i++;
568  } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-output")) {
569  output_prefix = argv[i + 1];
570  i++;
571  if (output_prefix[strlen(output_prefix) - 1] != '/') {
572  snprintf(output_prefix_buf, sizeof(output_prefix_buf),
573  "%s/", output_prefix);
574  output_prefix = output_prefix_buf;
575  }
576  } else if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-split")) {
577  split = 1;
578  } else if (argv[i][0] == '-') {
579  return usage(argv[0], 1);
580  } else {
581  if (handle_file(&tracks, argv[i], split, output_prefix))
582  return 1;
583  }
584  }
585  if (!tracks.nb_tracks || (!basename && !split))
586  return usage(argv[0], 1);
587 
588  if (!split)
589  output_server_manifest(&tracks, basename, output_prefix,
590  path_prefix, ismc_prefix);
591  output_client_manifest(&tracks, basename, output_prefix, split);
592 
593  clean_tracks(&tracks);
594 
595  return 0;
596 }