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xan.c
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1 /*
2  * Wing Commander/Xan Video Decoder
3  * Copyright (c) 2003 The FFmpeg Project
4  *
5  * This file is part of FFmpeg.
6  *
7  * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8  * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9  * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10  * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
11  *
12  * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15  * Lesser General Public License for more details.
16  *
17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18  * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
19  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20  */
21 
22 /**
23  * @file
24  * Xan video decoder for Wing Commander III computer game
25  * by Mario Brito (mbrito@student.dei.uc.pt)
26  * and Mike Melanson (melanson@pcisys.net)
27  *
28  * The xan_wc3 decoder outputs PAL8 data.
29  */
30 
31 #include <stdio.h>
32 #include <stdlib.h>
33 #include <string.h>
34 
35 #include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
36 #include "libavutil/mem.h"
37 #include "avcodec.h"
38 #include "bytestream.h"
39 #define BITSTREAM_READER_LE
40 #include "get_bits.h"
41 #include "internal.h"
42 
43 #define RUNTIME_GAMMA 0
44 
45 #define VGA__TAG MKTAG('V', 'G', 'A', ' ')
46 #define PALT_TAG MKTAG('P', 'A', 'L', 'T')
47 #define SHOT_TAG MKTAG('S', 'H', 'O', 'T')
48 #define PALETTE_COUNT 256
49 #define PALETTE_SIZE (PALETTE_COUNT * 3)
50 #define PALETTES_MAX 256
51 
52 typedef struct XanContext {
53 
56 
57  const uint8_t *buf;
58  int size;
59 
60  /* scratch space */
65 
66  unsigned *palettes;
69 
71 
72 } XanContext;
73 
75 {
76  XanContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
77 
79 
80  av_freep(&s->buffer1);
81  av_freep(&s->buffer2);
82  av_freep(&s->palettes);
83 
84  return 0;
85 }
86 
88 {
89  XanContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
90 
91  s->avctx = avctx;
92  s->frame_size = 0;
93 
94  avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8;
95 
96  s->buffer1_size = avctx->width * avctx->height;
98  if (!s->buffer1)
99  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
100  s->buffer2_size = avctx->width * avctx->height;
101  s->buffer2 = av_malloc(s->buffer2_size + 130);
102  if (!s->buffer2) {
103  av_freep(&s->buffer1);
104  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
105  }
106 
107  s->last_frame = av_frame_alloc();
108  if (!s->last_frame) {
109  xan_decode_end(avctx);
110  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
111  }
112 
113  return 0;
114 }
115 
116 static int xan_huffman_decode(uint8_t *dest, int dest_len,
117  const uint8_t *src, int src_len)
118 {
119  uint8_t byte = *src++;
120  uint8_t ival = byte + 0x16;
121  const uint8_t * ptr = src + byte*2;
122  int ptr_len = src_len - 1 - byte*2;
123  uint8_t val = ival;
124  uint8_t *dest_end = dest + dest_len;
125  uint8_t *dest_start = dest;
126  int ret;
127  GetBitContext gb;
128 
129  if ((ret = init_get_bits8(&gb, ptr, ptr_len)) < 0)
130  return ret;
131 
132  while (val != 0x16) {
133  unsigned idx = val - 0x17 + get_bits1(&gb) * byte;
134  if (idx >= 2 * byte)
135  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
136  val = src[idx];
137 
138  if (val < 0x16) {
139  if (dest >= dest_end)
140  return dest_len;
141  *dest++ = val;
142  val = ival;
143  }
144  }
145 
146  return dest - dest_start;
147 }
148 
149 /**
150  * unpack simple compression
151  *
152  * @param dest destination buffer of dest_len, must be padded with at least 130 bytes
153  */
154 static void xan_unpack(uint8_t *dest, int dest_len,
155  const uint8_t *src, int src_len)
156 {
157  uint8_t opcode;
158  int size;
159  uint8_t *dest_org = dest;
160  uint8_t *dest_end = dest + dest_len;
161  GetByteContext ctx;
162 
163  bytestream2_init(&ctx, src, src_len);
164  while (dest < dest_end && bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&ctx)) {
165  opcode = bytestream2_get_byte(&ctx);
166 
167  if (opcode < 0xe0) {
168  int size2, back;
169  if ((opcode & 0x80) == 0) {
170  size = opcode & 3;
171 
172  back = ((opcode & 0x60) << 3) + bytestream2_get_byte(&ctx) + 1;
173  size2 = ((opcode & 0x1c) >> 2) + 3;
174  } else if ((opcode & 0x40) == 0) {
175  size = bytestream2_peek_byte(&ctx) >> 6;
176 
177  back = (bytestream2_get_be16(&ctx) & 0x3fff) + 1;
178  size2 = (opcode & 0x3f) + 4;
179  } else {
180  size = opcode & 3;
181 
182  back = ((opcode & 0x10) << 12) + bytestream2_get_be16(&ctx) + 1;
183  size2 = ((opcode & 0x0c) << 6) + bytestream2_get_byte(&ctx) + 5;
184  }
185 
186  if (dest_end - dest < size + size2 ||
187  dest + size - dest_org < back ||
188  bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&ctx) < size)
189  return;
190  bytestream2_get_buffer(&ctx, dest, size);
191  dest += size;
192  av_memcpy_backptr(dest, back, size2);
193  dest += size2;
194  } else {
195  int finish = opcode >= 0xfc;
196  size = finish ? opcode & 3 : ((opcode & 0x1f) << 2) + 4;
197 
198  if (dest_end - dest < size || bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&ctx) < size)
199  return;
200  bytestream2_get_buffer(&ctx, dest, size);
201  dest += size;
202  if (finish)
203  return;
204  }
205  }
206 }
207 
209  const uint8_t *pixel_buffer, int x, int y, int pixel_count)
210 {
211  int stride;
212  int line_inc;
213  int index;
214  int current_x;
215  int width = s->avctx->width;
216  uint8_t *palette_plane;
217 
218  palette_plane = frame->data[0];
219  stride = frame->linesize[0];
220  line_inc = stride - width;
221  index = y * stride + x;
222  current_x = x;
223  while (pixel_count && index < s->frame_size) {
224  int count = FFMIN(pixel_count, width - current_x);
225  memcpy(palette_plane + index, pixel_buffer, count);
226  pixel_count -= count;
227  index += count;
228  pixel_buffer += count;
229  current_x += count;
230 
231  if (current_x >= width) {
232  index += line_inc;
233  current_x = 0;
234  }
235  }
236 }
237 
239  int x, int y,
240  int pixel_count, int motion_x,
241  int motion_y)
242 {
243  int stride;
244  int line_inc;
245  int curframe_index, prevframe_index;
246  int curframe_x, prevframe_x;
247  int width = s->avctx->width;
248  uint8_t *palette_plane, *prev_palette_plane;
249 
250  if (y + motion_y < 0 || y + motion_y >= s->avctx->height ||
251  x + motion_x < 0 || x + motion_x >= s->avctx->width)
252  return;
253 
254  palette_plane = frame->data[0];
255  prev_palette_plane = s->last_frame->data[0];
256  if (!prev_palette_plane)
257  prev_palette_plane = palette_plane;
258  stride = frame->linesize[0];
259  line_inc = stride - width;
260  curframe_index = y * stride + x;
261  curframe_x = x;
262  prevframe_index = (y + motion_y) * stride + x + motion_x;
263  prevframe_x = x + motion_x;
264 
265  if (prev_palette_plane == palette_plane && FFABS(curframe_index - prevframe_index) < pixel_count) {
266  avpriv_request_sample(s->avctx, "Overlapping copy\n");
267  return ;
268  }
269 
270  while (pixel_count &&
271  curframe_index < s->frame_size &&
272  prevframe_index < s->frame_size) {
273  int count = FFMIN3(pixel_count, width - curframe_x,
274  width - prevframe_x);
275 
276  memcpy(palette_plane + curframe_index,
277  prev_palette_plane + prevframe_index, count);
278  pixel_count -= count;
279  curframe_index += count;
280  prevframe_index += count;
281  curframe_x += count;
282  prevframe_x += count;
283 
284  if (curframe_x >= width) {
285  curframe_index += line_inc;
286  curframe_x = 0;
287  }
288 
289  if (prevframe_x >= width) {
290  prevframe_index += line_inc;
291  prevframe_x = 0;
292  }
293  }
294 }
295 
297 {
298 
299  int width = s->avctx->width;
300  int height = s->avctx->height;
301  int total_pixels = width * height;
302  uint8_t opcode;
303  uint8_t flag = 0;
304  int size = 0;
305  int motion_x, motion_y;
306  int x, y, ret;
307 
308  uint8_t *opcode_buffer = s->buffer1;
309  uint8_t *opcode_buffer_end = s->buffer1 + s->buffer1_size;
310  int opcode_buffer_size = s->buffer1_size;
311  const uint8_t *imagedata_buffer = s->buffer2;
312 
313  /* pointers to segments inside the compressed chunk */
314  const uint8_t *huffman_segment;
315  GetByteContext size_segment;
316  GetByteContext vector_segment;
317  const uint8_t *imagedata_segment;
318  int huffman_offset, size_offset, vector_offset, imagedata_offset,
319  imagedata_size;
320 
321  if (s->size < 8)
322  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
323 
324  huffman_offset = AV_RL16(&s->buf[0]);
325  size_offset = AV_RL16(&s->buf[2]);
326  vector_offset = AV_RL16(&s->buf[4]);
327  imagedata_offset = AV_RL16(&s->buf[6]);
328 
329  if (huffman_offset >= s->size ||
330  size_offset >= s->size ||
331  vector_offset >= s->size ||
332  imagedata_offset >= s->size)
333  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
334 
335  huffman_segment = s->buf + huffman_offset;
336  bytestream2_init(&size_segment, s->buf + size_offset, s->size - size_offset);
337  bytestream2_init(&vector_segment, s->buf + vector_offset, s->size - vector_offset);
338  imagedata_segment = s->buf + imagedata_offset;
339 
340  if ((ret = xan_huffman_decode(opcode_buffer, opcode_buffer_size,
341  huffman_segment, s->size - huffman_offset)) < 0)
342  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
343  opcode_buffer_end = opcode_buffer + ret;
344 
345  if (imagedata_segment[0] == 2) {
347  &imagedata_segment[1], s->size - imagedata_offset - 1);
348  imagedata_size = s->buffer2_size;
349  } else {
350  imagedata_size = s->size - imagedata_offset - 1;
351  imagedata_buffer = &imagedata_segment[1];
352  }
353 
354  /* use the decoded data segments to build the frame */
355  x = y = 0;
356  while (total_pixels && opcode_buffer < opcode_buffer_end) {
357 
358  opcode = *opcode_buffer++;
359  size = 0;
360 
361  switch (opcode) {
362 
363  case 0:
364  flag ^= 1;
365  continue;
366 
367  case 1:
368  case 2:
369  case 3:
370  case 4:
371  case 5:
372  case 6:
373  case 7:
374  case 8:
375  size = opcode;
376  break;
377 
378  case 12:
379  case 13:
380  case 14:
381  case 15:
382  case 16:
383  case 17:
384  case 18:
385  size += (opcode - 10);
386  break;
387 
388  case 9:
389  case 19:
390  if (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&size_segment) < 1) {
391  av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "size_segment overread\n");
392  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
393  }
394  size = bytestream2_get_byte(&size_segment);
395  break;
396 
397  case 10:
398  case 20:
399  if (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&size_segment) < 2) {
400  av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "size_segment overread\n");
401  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
402  }
403  size = bytestream2_get_be16(&size_segment);
404  break;
405 
406  case 11:
407  case 21:
408  if (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&size_segment) < 3) {
409  av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "size_segment overread\n");
410  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
411  }
412  size = bytestream2_get_be24(&size_segment);
413  break;
414  }
415 
416  if (size > total_pixels)
417  break;
418 
419  if (opcode < 12) {
420  flag ^= 1;
421  if (flag) {
422  /* run of (size) pixels is unchanged from last frame */
423  xan_wc3_copy_pixel_run(s, frame, x, y, size, 0, 0);
424  } else {
425  /* output a run of pixels from imagedata_buffer */
426  if (imagedata_size < size)
427  break;
428  xan_wc3_output_pixel_run(s, frame, imagedata_buffer, x, y, size);
429  imagedata_buffer += size;
430  imagedata_size -= size;
431  }
432  } else {
433  uint8_t vector;
434  if (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&vector_segment) <= 0) {
435  av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "vector_segment overread\n");
436  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
437  }
438  /* run-based motion compensation from last frame */
439  vector = bytestream2_get_byte(&vector_segment);
440  motion_x = sign_extend(vector >> 4, 4);
441  motion_y = sign_extend(vector & 0xF, 4);
442 
443  /* copy a run of pixels from the previous frame */
444  xan_wc3_copy_pixel_run(s, frame, x, y, size, motion_x, motion_y);
445 
446  flag = 0;
447  }
448 
449  /* coordinate accounting */
450  total_pixels -= size;
451  y += (x + size) / width;
452  x = (x + size) % width;
453  }
454  return 0;
455 }
456 
457 #if RUNTIME_GAMMA
458 static inline unsigned mul(unsigned a, unsigned b)
459 {
460  return (a * b) >> 16;
461 }
462 
463 static inline unsigned pow4(unsigned a)
464 {
465  unsigned square = mul(a, a);
466  return mul(square, square);
467 }
468 
469 static inline unsigned pow5(unsigned a)
470 {
471  return mul(pow4(a), a);
472 }
473 
474 static uint8_t gamma_corr(uint8_t in) {
475  unsigned lo, hi = 0xff40, target;
476  int i = 15;
477  in = (in << 2) | (in >> 6);
478  /* equivalent float code:
479  if (in >= 252)
480  return 253;
481  return round(pow(in / 256.0, 0.8) * 256);
482  */
483  lo = target = in << 8;
484  do {
485  unsigned mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;
486  unsigned pow = pow5(mid);
487  if (pow > target) hi = mid;
488  else lo = mid;
489  } while (--i);
490  return (pow4((lo + hi) >> 1) + 0x80) >> 8;
491 }
492 #else
493 /**
494  * This is a gamma correction that xan3 applies to all palette entries.
495  *
496  * There is a peculiarity, namely that the values are clamped to 253 -
497  * it seems likely that this table was calculated by a buggy fixed-point
498  * implementation, the one above under RUNTIME_GAMMA behaves like this for
499  * example.
500  * The exponent value of 0.8 can be explained by this as well, since 0.8 = 4/5
501  * and thus pow(x, 0.8) is still easy to calculate.
502  * Also, the input values are first rotated to the left by 2.
503  */
504 static const uint8_t gamma_lookup[256] = {
505  0x00, 0x09, 0x10, 0x16, 0x1C, 0x21, 0x27, 0x2C,
506  0x31, 0x35, 0x3A, 0x3F, 0x43, 0x48, 0x4C, 0x50,
507  0x54, 0x59, 0x5D, 0x61, 0x65, 0x69, 0x6D, 0x71,
508  0x75, 0x79, 0x7D, 0x80, 0x84, 0x88, 0x8C, 0x8F,
509  0x93, 0x97, 0x9A, 0x9E, 0xA2, 0xA5, 0xA9, 0xAC,
510  0xB0, 0xB3, 0xB7, 0xBA, 0xBE, 0xC1, 0xC5, 0xC8,
511  0xCB, 0xCF, 0xD2, 0xD5, 0xD9, 0xDC, 0xDF, 0xE3,
512  0xE6, 0xE9, 0xED, 0xF0, 0xF3, 0xF6, 0xFA, 0xFD,
513  0x03, 0x0B, 0x12, 0x18, 0x1D, 0x23, 0x28, 0x2D,
514  0x32, 0x36, 0x3B, 0x40, 0x44, 0x49, 0x4D, 0x51,
515  0x56, 0x5A, 0x5E, 0x62, 0x66, 0x6A, 0x6E, 0x72,
516  0x76, 0x7A, 0x7D, 0x81, 0x85, 0x89, 0x8D, 0x90,
517  0x94, 0x98, 0x9B, 0x9F, 0xA2, 0xA6, 0xAA, 0xAD,
518  0xB1, 0xB4, 0xB8, 0xBB, 0xBF, 0xC2, 0xC5, 0xC9,
519  0xCC, 0xD0, 0xD3, 0xD6, 0xDA, 0xDD, 0xE0, 0xE4,
520  0xE7, 0xEA, 0xED, 0xF1, 0xF4, 0xF7, 0xFA, 0xFD,
521  0x05, 0x0D, 0x13, 0x19, 0x1F, 0x24, 0x29, 0x2E,
522  0x33, 0x38, 0x3C, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x52,
523  0x57, 0x5B, 0x5F, 0x63, 0x67, 0x6B, 0x6F, 0x73,
524  0x77, 0x7B, 0x7E, 0x82, 0x86, 0x8A, 0x8D, 0x91,
525  0x95, 0x99, 0x9C, 0xA0, 0xA3, 0xA7, 0xAA, 0xAE,
526  0xB2, 0xB5, 0xB9, 0xBC, 0xBF, 0xC3, 0xC6, 0xCA,
527  0xCD, 0xD0, 0xD4, 0xD7, 0xDA, 0xDE, 0xE1, 0xE4,
528  0xE8, 0xEB, 0xEE, 0xF1, 0xF5, 0xF8, 0xFB, 0xFD,
529  0x07, 0x0E, 0x15, 0x1A, 0x20, 0x25, 0x2A, 0x2F,
530  0x34, 0x39, 0x3D, 0x42, 0x46, 0x4B, 0x4F, 0x53,
531  0x58, 0x5C, 0x60, 0x64, 0x68, 0x6C, 0x70, 0x74,
532  0x78, 0x7C, 0x7F, 0x83, 0x87, 0x8B, 0x8E, 0x92,
533  0x96, 0x99, 0x9D, 0xA1, 0xA4, 0xA8, 0xAB, 0xAF,
534  0xB2, 0xB6, 0xB9, 0xBD, 0xC0, 0xC4, 0xC7, 0xCB,
535  0xCE, 0xD1, 0xD5, 0xD8, 0xDB, 0xDF, 0xE2, 0xE5,
536  0xE9, 0xEC, 0xEF, 0xF2, 0xF6, 0xF9, 0xFC, 0xFD
537 };
538 #endif
539 
541  void *data, int *got_frame,
542  AVPacket *avpkt)
543 {
544  AVFrame *frame = data;
545  const uint8_t *buf = avpkt->data;
546  int ret, buf_size = avpkt->size;
547  XanContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
548  GetByteContext ctx;
549  int tag = 0;
550 
551  bytestream2_init(&ctx, buf, buf_size);
552  while (bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&ctx) > 8 && tag != VGA__TAG) {
553  unsigned *tmpptr;
554  uint32_t new_pal;
555  int size;
556  int i;
557  tag = bytestream2_get_le32(&ctx);
558  size = bytestream2_get_be32(&ctx);
559  if (size < 0) {
560  av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid tag size %d\n", size);
561  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
562  }
563  size = FFMIN(size, bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&ctx));
564  switch (tag) {
565  case PALT_TAG:
566  if (size < PALETTE_SIZE)
567  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
568  if (s->palettes_count >= PALETTES_MAX)
569  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
570  tmpptr = av_realloc_array(s->palettes,
572  if (!tmpptr)
573  return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
574  s->palettes = tmpptr;
575  tmpptr += s->palettes_count * AVPALETTE_COUNT;
576  for (i = 0; i < PALETTE_COUNT; i++) {
577 #if RUNTIME_GAMMA
578  int r = gamma_corr(bytestream2_get_byteu(&ctx));
579  int g = gamma_corr(bytestream2_get_byteu(&ctx));
580  int b = gamma_corr(bytestream2_get_byteu(&ctx));
581 #else
582  int r = gamma_lookup[bytestream2_get_byteu(&ctx)];
583  int g = gamma_lookup[bytestream2_get_byteu(&ctx)];
584  int b = gamma_lookup[bytestream2_get_byteu(&ctx)];
585 #endif
586  *tmpptr++ = (0xFFU << 24) | (r << 16) | (g << 8) | b;
587  }
588  s->palettes_count++;
589  break;
590  case SHOT_TAG:
591  if (size < 4)
592  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
593  new_pal = bytestream2_get_le32(&ctx);
594  if (new_pal < s->palettes_count) {
595  s->cur_palette = new_pal;
596  } else
597  av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Invalid palette selected\n");
598  break;
599  case VGA__TAG:
600  break;
601  default:
602  bytestream2_skip(&ctx, size);
603  break;
604  }
605  }
606  buf_size = bytestream2_get_bytes_left(&ctx);
607 
608  if (s->palettes_count <= 0) {
609  av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "No palette found\n");
610  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
611  }
612 
613  if ((ret = ff_get_buffer(avctx, frame, AV_GET_BUFFER_FLAG_REF)) < 0)
614  return ret;
615 
616  if (!s->frame_size)
617  s->frame_size = frame->linesize[0] * s->avctx->height;
618 
619  memcpy(frame->data[1],
621 
622  s->buf = ctx.buffer;
623  s->size = buf_size;
624 
625  if (xan_wc3_decode_frame(s, frame) < 0)
626  return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
627 
629  if ((ret = av_frame_ref(s->last_frame, frame)) < 0)
630  return ret;
631 
632  *got_frame = 1;
633 
634  /* always report that the buffer was completely consumed */
635  return buf_size;
636 }
637 
639  .name = "xan_wc3",
640  .long_name = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Wing Commander III / Xan"),
641  .type = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
642  .id = AV_CODEC_ID_XAN_WC3,
643  .priv_data_size = sizeof(XanContext),
645  .close = xan_decode_end,
647  .capabilities = CODEC_CAP_DR1,
648 };