[FFmpeg-devel] [PATCH v8 12/13] avfilter/split_cc: Add split_cc filter for closed caption handling

Andreas Rheinhardt andreas.rheinhardt at outlook.com
Wed Sep 22 04:39:56 EEST 2021


Soft Works:
> - split_cc {V -> VS)
>   Extract closed-caption (A53) data from video
>   frames as subtitle Frames
> 
> ffmpeg -y -loglevel verbose -i "https://streams.videolan.org/streams/ts/CC/NewsStream-608-ac3.ts" -filter_complex "[0:v]split_cc[vid1],textmod=mode=remove_chars:find='@',[vid1]overlay_textsubs" output.mkv
> 
> Signed-off-by: softworkz <softworkz at hotmail.com>
> ---
>  doc/filters.texi          |  25 ++++
>  libavfilter/Makefile      |   1 +
>  libavfilter/allfilters.c  |   1 +
>  libavfilter/sf_split_cc.c | 272 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
>  4 files changed, 299 insertions(+)
>  create mode 100644 libavfilter/sf_split_cc.c
> 
> diff --git a/doc/filters.texi b/doc/filters.texi
> index 2d3dcdd7e6..da463e2cc1 100644
> --- a/doc/filters.texi
> +++ b/doc/filters.texi
> @@ -25441,6 +25441,31 @@ ffmpeg -i INPUT -filter_complex "show_speaker=format=colon:style='@{\\c&HDD0000&
>  @end example
>  @end itemize
>  
> +
> + at section split_cc
> +
> +Split-out closed-caption/A53 subtitles from video frame side data.
> +
> +This filter provides an input and an output for video frames, which are just passed through without modification.
> +The second out provides subtitle frames which are extracted from video frame side data.
> +
> +Inputs:
> +- 0: Video
> +
> +Outputs:
> +- 0: Video (same as input)
> +- 1: Subtitles [text]
> +
> +It accepts the following parameters:
> +
> + at table @option
> +
> + at item use_cc_styles
> +Emit closed caption style header. This will make closed captions look like on normal TV devices.
> +(white font on black background rectangles)
> +
> + at end table
> +
>  @section textsub2video
>  
>  Converts text subtitles to video frames.
> diff --git a/libavfilter/Makefile b/libavfilter/Makefile
> index 309c404bf7..39abf6d2a6 100644
> --- a/libavfilter/Makefile
> +++ b/libavfilter/Makefile
> @@ -540,6 +540,7 @@ OBJS-$(CONFIG_NULLSINK_FILTER)               += vsink_nullsink.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_CENSOR_FILTER)                 += sf_textmod.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_SHOW_SPEAKER_FILTER)           += sf_textmod.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_TEXTMOD_FILTER)                += sf_textmod.o
> +OBJS-$(CONFIG_SPLIT_CC_FILTER)               += sf_split_cc.o
>  OBJS-$(CONFIG_STRIPSTYLES_FILTER)            += sf_stripstyles.o
>  
>  # multimedia filters
> diff --git a/libavfilter/allfilters.c b/libavfilter/allfilters.c
> index e2e4deea22..77c6379302 100644
> --- a/libavfilter/allfilters.c
> +++ b/libavfilter/allfilters.c
> @@ -528,6 +528,7 @@ extern const AVFilter ff_avf_showwavespic;
>  extern const AVFilter ff_vaf_spectrumsynth;
>  extern const AVFilter ff_sf_censor;
>  extern const AVFilter ff_sf_show_speaker;
> +extern const AVFilter ff_sf_split_cc;
>  extern const AVFilter ff_sf_stripstyles;
>  extern const AVFilter ff_sf_textmod;
>  extern const AVFilter ff_svf_graphicsub2video;
> diff --git a/libavfilter/sf_split_cc.c b/libavfilter/sf_split_cc.c
> new file mode 100644
> index 0000000000..e0ba5d4bcd
> --- /dev/null
> +++ b/libavfilter/sf_split_cc.c
> @@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
> +/*
> + * Copyright (c) 2021 softworkz
> + *
> + * This file is part of FFmpeg.
> + *
> + * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
> + * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
> + * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
> + * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
> + *
> + * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
> + * Lesser General Public License for more details.
> + *
> + * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
> + * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
> + * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
> + */
> +
> +/**
> + * @file
> + * subtitle filter for splitting out closed-caption/A53 subtitles from video frame side data
> + */
> +
> +#include <libavcodec/ass.h>
> +
> +#include "libavutil/avassert.h"
> +#include "libavutil/opt.h"
> +#include "avfilter.h"
> +#include "internal.h"
> +#include "subtitles.h"
> +#include "libavcodec/avcodec.h"
> +
> +typedef struct SplitCaptionsContext {
> +    const AVClass *class;
> +    enum AVSubtitleType format;
> +    AVCodecContext *cc_dec;
> +    int eof;
> +    AVFrame *next_sub_frame;
> +    int new_frame;
> +    char *subtile_header;

I presume it is supposed to be subtitle_header

> +    int use_cc_styles;
> +} SplitCaptionsContext;
> +
> +static int init(AVFilterContext *ctx)
> +{
> +    SplitCaptionsContext *s = ctx->priv;
> +
> +    if (!s->cc_dec) {

Unnecessary: When init is called, only AVOpt-enabled fields (in your
case: the class pointer and use_cc_styles) are not zero; the rest of the
context is zeroed. This includes cc_dec.

> +        AVDictionary *options = NULL;
> +        int ret;
> +        const AVCodec *codec = avcodec_find_decoder(AV_CODEC_ID_EIA_608);
> +        if (!codec) {
> +            av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "failed to find EIA-608/708 decoder\n");
> +            return AVERROR_DECODER_NOT_FOUND;
> +        }

If a component relies on another component to be usable, you should add
a dependency to configure.

> +
> +        if (!((s->cc_dec = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec)))) {
> +            av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "failed to allocate EIA-608/708 decoder\n");
> +            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +        }
> +
> +        av_dict_set(&options, "sub_text_format", "ass", 0);

Isn't this deprecated and unused?

> +        av_dict_set(&options, "real_time", "0", 0);
> +
> +        if ((ret = avcodec_open2(s->cc_dec, codec, &options)) < 0) {
> +            av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "failed to open EIA-608/708 decoder: %i\n", ret);

Potential leak of options here. The easiest way to fix it is by setting
the option directly: av_opt_set_int(s->cc_dec, "real_time", 0,
AV_OPT_SEARCH_CHILDREN)
But actually you do not need to set the option at all, as it is the
default value.

> +            return ret;
> +        }
> +
> +        if (s->cc_dec->subtitle_header && s->use_cc_styles)
> +            s->subtile_header = av_strdup((char *)s->cc_dec->subtitle_header);

Unchecked allocation. Furthermore, this string leaks if the allocation
succeeds; finally, it is currently unused, but I guess this is a WIP patch.

> +
> +        av_dict_free(&options);
> +    }
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static void uninit(AVFilterContext *ctx)
> +{
> +    SplitCaptionsContext *s = ctx->priv;
> +    if (s->next_sub_frame)
> +        av_frame_unref(s->next_sub_frame);

Leak. You must call av_frame_free(&s->next_sub_frame), as the AVFrame
itself would leak otherwise (av_frame_unref() only frees its contents,
not the frame). Notice that we typically do this unconditionally and do
not check beforehand, as av_frame_free() takes care not to free an
inexistent frame.

> +}
> +
> +static int config_input(AVFilterLink *link)
> +{
> +    const SplitCaptionsContext *context = link->dst->priv;
> +
> +    if (context->cc_dec)

Unnecessary: init has been called before and set cc_dec (if it failed,
config_input is not called at all).

> +        context->cc_dec->pkt_timebase = link->time_base;
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int query_formats(AVFilterContext *ctx)
> +{
> +    AVFilterFormats *formats;
> +    AVFilterLink *inlink0 = ctx->inputs[0];
> +    AVFilterLink *outlink0 = ctx->outputs[0];
> +    AVFilterLink *outlink1 = ctx->outputs[1];
> +    static const enum AVSubtitleType subtitle_fmts[] = { AV_SUBTITLE_FMT_ASS, AV_SUBTITLE_FMT_NB };
> +    int ret;
> +
> +    /* set input0 video formats */
> +    formats = ff_all_formats(AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO);
> +    if ((ret = ff_formats_ref(formats, &inlink0->outcfg.formats)) < 0)
> +        return ret;
> +
> +    /* set output0 video formats */
> +    if ((ret = ff_formats_ref(formats, &outlink0->incfg.formats)) < 0)
> +        return ret;
> +
> +    /* set output1 subtitle formats */
> +    formats = ff_make_format_list(subtitle_fmts);
> +    if ((ret = ff_formats_ref(formats, &outlink1->incfg.formats)) < 0)
> +        return ret;
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int config_sub_output(AVFilterLink *outlink)
> +{
> +    const AVFilterLink *inlink = outlink->src->inputs[0];
> +
> +    outlink->frame_rate = inlink->frame_rate;
> +    outlink->time_base = inlink->time_base;
> +    outlink->format = AV_SUBTITLE_FMT_ASS;
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int request_sub_frame(AVFilterLink *outlink)
> +{
> +    SplitCaptionsContext *s = outlink->src->priv;
> +
> +    if (s->eof)
> +        return AVERROR_EOF;
> +
> +    if (s->next_sub_frame && s->new_frame) {
> +        AVFrame *out;
> +        s->next_sub_frame->pts++;
> +
> +        out = av_frame_clone(s->next_sub_frame);
> +        if (!out)
> +            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +
> +        out->subtitle_pts = av_rescale_q(s->next_sub_frame->pts, outlink->time_base, AV_TIME_BASE_Q);
> +        s->new_frame = 0;
> +
> +        return ff_filter_frame(outlink, out);
> +    }
> +
> +    return 0;
> +}
> +
> +static int filter_frame(AVFilterLink *inlink, AVFrame *frame)
> +{
> +    AVFrameSideData *sd;
> +    SplitCaptionsContext *s = inlink->dst->priv;
> +    AVFilterLink *outlink0 = inlink->dst->outputs[0];
> +    AVFilterLink *outlink1 = inlink->dst->outputs[1];
> +    AVPacket pkt = {0};

sizeof(AVPacket) being part of the ABI is deprecated, i.e. stack packets
are supposed to be removed and definitely not added.

> +    AVFrame *sub_out;
> +
> +    int ret;
> +
> +    outlink0->format = inlink->format;
> +
> +    if (!frame)
> +        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

Nonsense check: The frame passed to a filter_frame function is never
NULL. (Unless you added weird semantics for subtitles.)

> +
> +    sd = av_frame_get_side_data(frame, AV_FRAME_DATA_A53_CC);
> +
> +    if (sd) {
> +        int got_output = 0;
> +
> +        av_new_packet(&pkt, (int)sd->size);

Unchecked allocation.

> +        if (!((pkt.buf = av_buffer_ref(sd->buf))))

If the above allocation was successful, it leaks here.

> +            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
> +
> +        pkt.data = sd->data;
> +        pkt.size = (int)sd->size;
> +        pkt.pts  = frame->pts;
> +
> +        sub_out = ff_get_subtitles_buffer(outlink1, AV_SUBTITLE_FMT_ASS);
> +        if (!sub_out)
> +            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

pkt leaks here

> +
> +        sub_out->subtitle_header = (char*)s->cc_dec->subtitle_header;
> +
> +        ret = avcodec_decode_subtitle3(s->cc_dec, sub_out, &got_output, &pkt);
> +
> +        if (ret < 0)
> +            goto fail;
> +
> +        if (got_output) {
> +            sub_out->pts = frame->pts;
> +            av_frame_unref(s->next_sub_frame);
> +            s->next_sub_frame = sub_out;

You are leaking next_sub_frame here.

> +            s->new_frame = 1;
> +
> +            ret = request_sub_frame(outlink1);
> +            if (ret < 0)
> +                return ret;

pkt leaks here.

> +        }
> +        else

Please put your else on the same line as the closing braces (it would
waste too much space otherwise).

> +            av_frame_free(&sub_out);
> +    }
> +
> +    if (!s->next_sub_frame) {
> +        s->next_sub_frame = ff_get_subtitles_buffer(outlink1, outlink1->format);

Unchecked allocation.

> +        s->next_sub_frame->subtitle_end_time = 1000;
> +        s->next_sub_frame->pts = frame->pts;
> +        s->new_frame = 1;
> +        s->next_sub_frame->subtitle_header = (char*)s->cc_dec->subtitle_header;

The lifetime of this string ends when this filter is uninitialized; is
there a possibility that it ends up outside (via the av_frame_clone in
request_sub_frame)? Then this is not ok.

> +    }
> +    else
> +        s->next_sub_frame->pts = frame->pts;
> +
> +    ret = ff_filter_frame(outlink0, frame);
> +
> +fail:
> +    av_packet_unref(&pkt);
> +    return ret;
> +}
> +
> +#define OFFSET(x) offsetof(SplitCaptionsContext, x)
> +#define FLAGS (AV_OPT_FLAG_SUBTITLE_PARAM | AV_OPT_FLAG_FILTERING_PARAM)
> +
> +static const AVOption split_cc_options[] = {
> +    { "use_cc_styles",    "Emit closed caption style header", OFFSET(use_cc_styles),  AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64=0}, 0, 1, FLAGS, NULL },
> +    { NULL },
> +};
> +
> +AVFILTER_DEFINE_CLASS(split_cc);
> +
> +static const AVFilterPad inputs[] = {
> +    {
> +        .name         = "default",
> +        .type         = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
> +        .filter_frame = filter_frame,
> +        .config_props = config_input,
> +    },
> +};
> +
> +static const AVFilterPad outputs[] = {
> +    {
> +        .name          = "video_passthrough",
> +        .type          = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
> +    },
> +    {
> +        .name          = "subtitles",
> +        .type          = AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE,
> +        .request_frame = request_sub_frame,
> +        .config_props  = config_sub_output,
> +    },
> +};
> +
> +const AVFilter ff_sf_split_cc = {
> +    .name          = "split_cc",
> +    .description   = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Extract closed-caption (A53) data from video as subtitle stream."),
> +    .init          = init,
> +    .uninit        = uninit,
> +    .query_formats = query_formats,
> +    .priv_size     = sizeof(SplitCaptionsContext),
> +    .priv_class    = &split_cc_class,
> +    FILTER_INPUTS(inputs),
> +    FILTER_OUTPUTS(outputs),
> +};
> 



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