vf_blend.c

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2013 Paul B Mahol
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include "libavutil/imgutils.h"
#include "libavutil/eval.h"
#include "libavutil/opt.h"
#include "libavutil/pixfmt.h"
#include "avfilter.h"
#include "bufferqueue.h"
#include "formats.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "video.h"

#define TOP    0
#define BOTTOM 1

enum BlendMode {
    BLEND_UNSET = -1,
    BLEND_NORMAL,
    BLEND_ADDITION,
    BLEND_AND,
    BLEND_AVERAGE,
    BLEND_BURN,
    BLEND_DARKEN,
    BLEND_DIFFERENCE,
    BLEND_DIVIDE,
    BLEND_DODGE,
    BLEND_EXCLUSION,
    BLEND_HARDLIGHT,
    BLEND_LIGHTEN,
    BLEND_MULTIPLY,
    BLEND_NEGATION,
    BLEND_OR,
    BLEND_OVERLAY,
    BLEND_PHOENIX,
    BLEND_PINLIGHT,
    BLEND_REFLECT,
    BLEND_SCREEN,
    BLEND_SOFTLIGHT,
    BLEND_SUBTRACT,
    BLEND_VIVIDLIGHT,
    BLEND_XOR,
    BLEND_NB
};

static const char *const var_names[] = {   "X",   "Y",   "W",   "H",   "SW",   "SH",   "T",     "A",        "B",   "TOP",   "BOTTOM",        NULL };
enum                                   { VAR_X, VAR_Y, VAR_W, VAR_H, VAR_SW, VAR_SH, VAR_T,   VAR_A,      VAR_B, VAR_TOP, VAR_BOTTOM, VAR_VARS_NB };

typedef struct FilterParams {
    enum BlendMode mode;
    double values[VAR_VARS_NB];
    double opacity;
    AVExpr *e;
    char *expr_str;
    void (*blend)(const uint8_t *top, int top_linesize,
                  const uint8_t *bottom, int bottom_linesize,
                  uint8_t *dst, int dst_linesize,
                  int width, int height, struct FilterParams *param);
} FilterParams;

typedef struct {
    const AVClass *class;
    struct FFBufQueue queue_top;
    struct FFBufQueue queue_bottom;
    int hsub, vsub;             ///< chroma subsampling values
    int frame_requested;
    char *all_expr;
    enum BlendMode all_mode;
    double all_opacity;

    FilterParams params[4];
} BlendContext;

#define OFFSET(x) offsetof(BlendContext, x)
#define FLAGS AV_OPT_FLAG_FILTERING_PARAM|AV_OPT_FLAG_VIDEO_PARAM

static const AVOption blend_options[] = {
    { "c0_mode", "set component #0 blend mode", OFFSET(params[0].mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=0}, 0, BLEND_NB-1, FLAGS, "mode"},
    { "c1_mode", "set component #1 blend mode", OFFSET(params[1].mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=0}, 0, BLEND_NB-1, FLAGS, "mode"},
    { "c2_mode", "set component #2 blend mode", OFFSET(params[2].mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=0}, 0, BLEND_NB-1, FLAGS, "mode"},
    { "c3_mode", "set component #3 blend mode", OFFSET(params[3].mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=0}, 0, BLEND_NB-1, FLAGS, "mode"},
    { "all_mode", "set blend mode for all components", OFFSET(all_mode), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64=-1},-1, BLEND_NB-1, FLAGS, "mode"},
    { "addition",   "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_ADDITION},   0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "and",        "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_AND},        0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "average",    "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_AVERAGE},    0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "burn",       "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_BURN},       0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "darken",     "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_DARKEN},     0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "difference", "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_DIFFERENCE}, 0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "divide",     "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_DIVIDE},     0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "dodge",      "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_DODGE},      0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "exclusion",  "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_EXCLUSION},  0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "hardlight",  "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_HARDLIGHT},  0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "lighten",    "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_LIGHTEN},    0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "multiply",   "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_MULTIPLY},   0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "negation",   "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_NEGATION},   0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "normal",     "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_NORMAL},     0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "or",         "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_OR},         0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "overlay",    "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_OVERLAY},    0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "phoenix",    "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_PHOENIX},    0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "pinlight",   "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_PINLIGHT},   0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "reflect",    "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_REFLECT},    0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "screen",     "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_SCREEN},     0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "softlight",  "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_SOFTLIGHT},  0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "subtract",   "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_SUBTRACT},   0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "vividlight", "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_VIVIDLIGHT}, 0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "xor",        "", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64=BLEND_XOR},        0, 0, FLAGS, "mode" },
    { "c0_expr",  "set color component #0 expression", OFFSET(params[0].expr_str), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str=NULL}, CHAR_MIN, CHAR_MAX, FLAGS },
    { "c1_expr",  "set color component #1 expression", OFFSET(params[1].expr_str), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str=NULL}, CHAR_MIN, CHAR_MAX, FLAGS },
    { "c2_expr",  "set color component #2 expression", OFFSET(params[2].expr_str), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str=NULL}, CHAR_MIN, CHAR_MAX, FLAGS },
    { "c3_expr",  "set color component #3 expression", OFFSET(params[3].expr_str), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str=NULL}, CHAR_MIN, CHAR_MAX, FLAGS },
    { "all_expr", "set expression for all color components", OFFSET(all_expr), AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str=NULL}, CHAR_MIN, CHAR_MAX, FLAGS },
    { "c0_opacity",  "set color component #0 opacity", OFFSET(params[0].opacity), AV_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE, {.dbl=1}, 0, 1, FLAGS },
    { "c1_opacity",  "set color component #1 opacity", OFFSET(params[1].opacity), AV_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE, {.dbl=1}, 0, 1, FLAGS },
    { "c2_opacity",  "set color component #2 opacity", OFFSET(params[2].opacity), AV_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE, {.dbl=1}, 0, 1, FLAGS },
    { "c3_opacity",  "set color component #3 opacity", OFFSET(params[3].opacity), AV_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE, {.dbl=1}, 0, 1, FLAGS },
    { "all_opacity", "set opacity for all color components", OFFSET(all_opacity), AV_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE, {.dbl=1}, 0, 1, FLAGS},
    { NULL },
};

AVFILTER_DEFINE_CLASS(blend);

static void blend_normal(const uint8_t *top, int top_linesize,
                         const uint8_t *bottom, int bottom_linesize,
                         uint8_t *dst, int dst_linesize,
                         int width, int height, FilterParams *param)
{
    av_image_copy_plane(dst, dst_linesize, top, top_linesize, width, height);
}

#define DEFINE_BLEND(name, expr)                                      \
static void blend_## name(const uint8_t *top, int top_linesize,       \
                          const uint8_t *bottom, int bottom_linesize, \
                          uint8_t *dst, int dst_linesize,             \
                          int width, int height, FilterParams *param) \
{                                                                     \
    double opacity = param->opacity;                                  \
    int i, j;                                                         \
                                                                      \
    for (i = 0; i < height; i++) {                                    \
        for (j = 0; j < width; j++) {                                 \
            dst[j] = top[j] + ((expr) - top[j]) * opacity;            \
        }                                                             \
        dst    += dst_linesize;                                       \
        top    += top_linesize;                                       \
        bottom += bottom_linesize;                                    \
    }                                                                 \
}

#define A top[j]
#define B bottom[j]

#define MULTIPLY(x, a, b) (x * ((a * b) / 255))
#define SCREEN(x, a, b)   (255 - x * ((255 - a) * (255 - b) / 255))
#define BURN(a, b)        ((a == 0) ? a : FFMAX(0, 255 - ((255 - b) << 8) / a))
#define DODGE(a, b)       ((a == 255) ? a : FFMIN(255, ((b << 8) / (255 - a))))

DEFINE_BLEND(addition,   FFMIN(255, A + B))
DEFINE_BLEND(average,    (A + B) / 2)
DEFINE_BLEND(subtract,   FFMAX(0, A - B))
DEFINE_BLEND(multiply,   MULTIPLY(1, A, B))
DEFINE_BLEND(negation,   255 - FFABS(255 - A - B))
DEFINE_BLEND(difference, FFABS(A - B))
DEFINE_BLEND(screen,     SCREEN(1, A, B))
DEFINE_BLEND(overlay,    (A < 128) ? MULTIPLY(2, A, B) : SCREEN(2, A, B))
DEFINE_BLEND(hardlight,  (B < 128) ? MULTIPLY(2, B, A) : SCREEN(2, B, A))
DEFINE_BLEND(darken,     FFMIN(A, B))
DEFINE_BLEND(lighten,    FFMAX(A, B))
DEFINE_BLEND(divide,     ((float)A / ((float)B) * 255))
DEFINE_BLEND(dodge,      DODGE(A, B))
DEFINE_BLEND(burn,       BURN(A, B))
DEFINE_BLEND(softlight,  (A > 127) ? B + (255 - B) * (A - 127.5) / 127.5 * (0.5 - FFABS(B - 127.5) / 255): B - B * ((127.5 - A) / 127.5) * (0.5 - FFABS(B - 127.5)/255))
DEFINE_BLEND(exclusion,  A + B - 2 * A * B / 255)
DEFINE_BLEND(pinlight,   (B < 128) ? FFMIN(A, 2 * B) : FFMAX(A, 2 * (B - 128)))
DEFINE_BLEND(phoenix,    FFMIN(A, B) - FFMAX(A, B) + 255)
DEFINE_BLEND(reflect,    (B == 255) ? B : FFMIN(255, (A * A / (255 - B))))
DEFINE_BLEND(and,        A & B)
DEFINE_BLEND(or,         A | B)
DEFINE_BLEND(xor,        A ^ B)
DEFINE_BLEND(vividlight, (B < 128) ? BURN(A, 2 * B) : DODGE(A, 2 * (B - 128)))

static void blend_expr(const uint8_t *top, int top_linesize,
                       const uint8_t *bottom, int bottom_linesize,
                       uint8_t *dst, int dst_linesize,
                       int width, int height,
                       FilterParams *param)
{
    AVExpr *e = param->e;
    double *values = param->values;
    int y, x;

    for (y = 0; y < height; y++) {
        values[VAR_Y] = y;
        for (x = 0; x < width; x++) {
            values[VAR_X]      = x;
            values[VAR_TOP]    = values[VAR_A] = top[x];
            values[VAR_BOTTOM] = values[VAR_B] = bottom[x];
            dst[x] = av_expr_eval(e, values, NULL);
        }
        dst    += dst_linesize;
        top    += top_linesize;
        bottom += bottom_linesize;
    }
}

static av_cold int init(AVFilterContext *ctx, const char *args)
{
    BlendContext *b = ctx->priv;
    int ret, plane;

    b->class = &blend_class;
    av_opt_set_defaults(b);

    if ((ret = av_set_options_string(b, args, "=", ":")) < 0)
        return ret;

    for (plane = 0; plane < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(b->params); plane++) {
        FilterParams *param = &b->params[plane];

        if (b->all_mode >= 0)
            param->mode = b->all_mode;
        if (b->all_opacity < 1)
            param->opacity = b->all_opacity;

        switch (param->mode) {
        case BLEND_ADDITION:   param->blend = blend_addition;   break;
        case BLEND_AND:        param->blend = blend_and;        break;
        case BLEND_AVERAGE:    param->blend = blend_average;    break;
        case BLEND_BURN:       param->blend = blend_burn;       break;
        case BLEND_DARKEN:     param->blend = blend_darken;     break;
        case BLEND_DIFFERENCE: param->blend = blend_difference; break;
        case BLEND_DIVIDE:     param->blend = blend_divide;     break;
        case BLEND_DODGE:      param->blend = blend_dodge;      break;
        case BLEND_EXCLUSION:  param->blend = blend_exclusion;  break;
        case BLEND_HARDLIGHT:  param->blend = blend_hardlight;  break;
        case BLEND_LIGHTEN:    param->blend = blend_lighten;    break;
        case BLEND_MULTIPLY:   param->blend = blend_multiply;   break;
        case BLEND_NEGATION:   param->blend = blend_negation;   break;
        case BLEND_NORMAL:     param->blend = blend_normal;     break;
        case BLEND_OR:         param->blend = blend_or;         break;
        case BLEND_OVERLAY:    param->blend = blend_overlay;    break;
        case BLEND_PHOENIX:    param->blend = blend_phoenix;    break;
        case BLEND_PINLIGHT:   param->blend = blend_pinlight;   break;
        case BLEND_REFLECT:    param->blend = blend_reflect;    break;
        case BLEND_SCREEN:     param->blend = blend_screen;     break;
        case BLEND_SOFTLIGHT:  param->blend = blend_softlight;  break;
        case BLEND_SUBTRACT:   param->blend = blend_subtract;   break;
        case BLEND_VIVIDLIGHT: param->blend = blend_vividlight; break;
        case BLEND_XOR:        param->blend = blend_xor;        break;
        }

        if (b->all_expr && !param->expr_str) {
            param->expr_str = av_strdup(b->all_expr);
            if (!param->expr_str)
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        }
        if (param->expr_str) {
            ret = av_expr_parse(&param->e, param->expr_str, var_names,
                                NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, ctx);
            if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
            param->blend = blend_expr;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

static int query_formats(AVFilterContext *ctx)
{
    static const enum AVPixelFormat pix_fmts[] = {
        AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA444P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA422P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUVA420P,
        AV_PIX_FMT_YUV444P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P, AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P,
        AV_PIX_FMT_GBRP, AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY8, AV_PIX_FMT_NONE
    };

    ff_set_common_formats(ctx, ff_make_format_list(pix_fmts));
    return 0;
}

static int config_output(AVFilterLink *outlink)
{
    AVFilterContext *ctx = outlink->src;
    AVFilterLink *toplink = ctx->inputs[TOP];
    AVFilterLink *bottomlink = ctx->inputs[BOTTOM];

    if (toplink->format != bottomlink->format) {
        av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "inputs must be of same pixel format\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }
    if (toplink->w                        != bottomlink->w ||
        toplink->h                        != bottomlink->h ||
        toplink->sample_aspect_ratio.num != bottomlink->sample_aspect_ratio.num ||
        toplink->sample_aspect_ratio.den != bottomlink->sample_aspect_ratio.den) {
        av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "First input link %s parameters "
               "(size %dx%d, SAR %d:%d) do not match the corresponding "
               "second input link %s parameters (%dx%d, SAR %d:%d)\n",
               ctx->input_pads[TOP].name, toplink->w, toplink->h,
               toplink->sample_aspect_ratio.num,
               toplink->sample_aspect_ratio.den,
               ctx->input_pads[BOTTOM].name, bottomlink->w, bottomlink->h,
               bottomlink->sample_aspect_ratio.num,
               bottomlink->sample_aspect_ratio.den);
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    outlink->w = toplink->w;
    outlink->h = bottomlink->h;
    outlink->time_base = toplink->time_base;
    outlink->sample_aspect_ratio = toplink->sample_aspect_ratio;
    outlink->frame_rate = toplink->frame_rate;
    return 0;
}

static int config_input_top(AVFilterLink *inlink)
{
    BlendContext *b = inlink->dst->priv;
    const AVPixFmtDescriptor *pix_desc = av_pix_fmt_desc_get(inlink->format);

    b->hsub = pix_desc->log2_chroma_w;
    b->vsub = pix_desc->log2_chroma_h;
    return 0;
}

static av_cold void uninit(AVFilterContext *ctx)
{
    BlendContext *b = ctx->priv;
    int i;

    av_opt_free(b);
    ff_bufqueue_discard_all(&b->queue_top);
    ff_bufqueue_discard_all(&b->queue_bottom);

    for (i = 0; i < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(b->params); i++)
        av_expr_free(b->params[i].e);
}

static int request_frame(AVFilterLink *outlink)
{
    AVFilterContext *ctx = outlink->src;
    BlendContext *b = ctx->priv;
    int in, ret;

    b->frame_requested = 1;
    while (b->frame_requested) {
        in = ff_bufqueue_peek(&b->queue_top, TOP) ? BOTTOM : TOP;
        ret = ff_request_frame(ctx->inputs[in]);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;
    }
    return 0;
}

static void blend_frame(AVFilterContext *ctx,
                        AVFilterBufferRef *top_buf,
                        AVFilterBufferRef *bottom_buf,
                        AVFilterBufferRef *dst_buf)
{
    BlendContext *b = ctx->priv;
    AVFilterLink *inlink = ctx->inputs[0];
    FilterParams *param;
    int plane;

    for (plane = 0; dst_buf->data[plane]; plane++) {
        int hsub = plane == 1 || plane == 2 ? b->hsub : 0;
        int vsub = plane == 1 || plane == 2 ? b->vsub : 0;
        int outw = dst_buf->video->w >> hsub;
        int outh = dst_buf->video->h >> vsub;
        uint8_t *dst    = dst_buf->data[plane];
        uint8_t *top    = top_buf->data[plane];
        uint8_t *bottom = bottom_buf->data[plane];

        param = &b->params[plane];
        param->values[VAR_T]  = dst_buf->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE ? NAN : dst_buf->pts * av_q2d(inlink->time_base);
        param->values[VAR_W]  = outw;
        param->values[VAR_H]  = outh;
        param->values[VAR_SW] = outw / dst_buf->video->w;
        param->values[VAR_SH] = outh / dst_buf->video->h;
        param->blend(top, top_buf->linesize[plane],
                     bottom, bottom_buf->linesize[plane],
                     dst, dst_buf->linesize[plane], outw, outh, param);
    }
}

static int filter_frame(AVFilterLink *inlink, AVFilterBufferRef *buf)
{
    AVFilterContext *ctx = inlink->dst;
    AVFilterLink *outlink = ctx->outputs[0];
    BlendContext *b = ctx->priv;

    int ret = 0;
    int is_bottom = (inlink == ctx->inputs[BOTTOM]);
    struct FFBufQueue *queue =
        (is_bottom ? &b->queue_bottom : &b->queue_top);
    ff_bufqueue_add(ctx, queue, buf);

    while (1) {
        AVFilterBufferRef *top_buf, *bottom_buf, *out_buf;

        if (!ff_bufqueue_peek(&b->queue_top, TOP) ||
            !ff_bufqueue_peek(&b->queue_bottom, BOTTOM)) break;

        top_buf = ff_bufqueue_get(&b->queue_top);
        bottom_buf = ff_bufqueue_get(&b->queue_bottom);

        out_buf = ff_get_video_buffer(outlink, AV_PERM_WRITE,
                                      outlink->w, outlink->h);
        if (!out_buf) {
            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        }
        avfilter_copy_buffer_ref_props(out_buf, top_buf);

        b->frame_requested = 0;
        blend_frame(ctx, top_buf, bottom_buf, out_buf);
        ret = ff_filter_frame(ctx->outputs[0], out_buf);
        avfilter_unref_buffer(top_buf);
        avfilter_unref_buffer(bottom_buf);
    }
    return ret;
}

static const AVFilterPad blend_inputs[] = {
    {
        .name             = "top",
        .type             = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
        .config_props     = config_input_top,
        .filter_frame     = filter_frame,
        .min_perms        = AV_PERM_READ | AV_PERM_PRESERVE,
    },{
        .name             = "bottom",
        .type             = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
        .filter_frame     = filter_frame,
        .min_perms        = AV_PERM_READ | AV_PERM_PRESERVE,
    },
    { NULL }
};

static const AVFilterPad blend_outputs[] = {
    {
        .name          = "default",
        .type          = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
        .config_props  = config_output,
        .request_frame = request_frame,
    },
    { NULL }
};

AVFilter avfilter_vf_blend = {
    .name          = "blend",
    .description   = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Blend two video frames into each other."),
    .init          = init,
    .uninit        = uninit,
    .priv_size     = sizeof(BlendContext),
    .query_formats = query_formats,
    .inputs        = blend_inputs,
    .outputs       = blend_outputs,
    .priv_class    = &blend_class,
};