reader.c

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/*
 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */
 
/**
 * @file
 * ID3v2 header parser
 *
 * Specifications available at:
 * http://id3.org/Developer_Information
 */
 
#include "config.h"
#include "libavutil/attributes.h"
 
#if CONFIG_ZLIB
#include <zlib.h>
#endif
 
#include "libavutil/attributes_internal.h"
#include "libavutil/avstring.h"
#include "libavutil/bprint.h"
#include "libavutil/dict.h"
#include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
#include "libavutil/mem.h"
#include "libavcodec/png.h"
#include "libavformat/avio_internal.h"
#include "libavformat/avlanguage.h"
#include "libavformat/demux.h"
#include "libavformat/id3v1.h"
#include "libavformat/id3v2.h"
 
const AVMetadataConv ff_id3v2_34_metadata_conv[] = {
    { "COMM", "comment"      },
    { "TALB", "album"        },
    { "TCOM", "composer"     },
    { "TCON", "genre"        },
    { "TCOP", "copyright"    },
    { "TENC", "encoded_by"   },
    { "TIT2", "title"        },
    { "TLAN", "language"     },
    { "TPE1", "artist"       },
    { "TPE2", "album_artist" },
    { "TPE3", "performer"    },
    { "TPOS", "disc"         },
    { "TPUB", "publisher"    },
    { "TRCK", "track"        },
    { "TSSE", "encoder"      },
    { "USLT", "lyrics"       },
    { 0 }
};
 
const AVMetadataConv ff_id3v2_4_metadata_conv[] = {
    { "TCMP", "compilation"   },
    { "TDRC", "date"          },
    { "TDRL", "date"          },
    { "TDEN", "creation_time" },
    { "TSOA", "album-sort"    },
    { "TSOP", "artist-sort"   },
    { "TSOT", "title-sort"    },
    { "TSST", "disc_subtitle" },
    { "TIT1", "grouping"      },
    { 0 }
};
 
static const AVMetadataConv id3v2_2_metadata_conv[] = {
    { "TAL", "album"        },
    { "TCO", "genre"        },
    { "TCP", "compilation"  },
    { "TT2", "title"        },
    { "TEN", "encoded_by"   },
    { "TP1", "artist"       },
    { "TP2", "album_artist" },
    { "TP3", "performer"    },
    { "TRK", "track"        },
    { 0 }
};
 
attribute_nonstring const char ff_id3v2_tags[][4] = {
    "TALB", "TBPM", "TCOM", "TCON", "TCOP", "TDLY", "TENC", "TEXT",
    "TFLT", "TIT1", "TIT2", "TIT3", "TKEY", "TLAN", "TLEN", "TMED",
    "TOAL", "TOFN", "TOLY", "TOPE", "TOWN", "TPE1", "TPE2", "TPE3",
    "TPE4", "TPOS", "TPUB", "TRCK", "TRSN", "TRSO", "TSRC", "TSSE",
    { 0 },
};
 
attribute_nonstring  const char ff_id3v2_4_tags[][4] = {
    "TDEN", "TDOR", "TDRC", "TDRL", "TDTG", "TIPL", "TMCL", "TMOO",
    "TPRO", "TSOA", "TSOP", "TSOT", "TSST",
    { 0 },
};
 
attribute_nonstring const char ff_id3v2_3_tags[][4] = {
    "TDAT", "TIME", "TORY", "TRDA", "TSIZ", "TYER",
    { 0 },
};
 
const char * const ff_id3v2_picture_types[21] = {
    "Other",
    "32x32 pixels 'file icon'",
    "Other file icon",
    "Cover (front)",
    "Cover (back)",
    "Leaflet page",
    "Media (e.g. label side of CD)",
    "Lead artist/lead performer/soloist",
    "Artist/performer",
    "Conductor",
    "Band/Orchestra",
    "Composer",
    "Lyricist/text writer",
    "Recording Location",
    "During recording",
    "During performance",
    "Movie/video screen capture",
    "A bright coloured fish",
    "Illustration",
    "Band/artist logotype",
    "Publisher/Studio logotype",
};
 
const CodecMime ff_id3v2_mime_tags[] = {
    { "image/gif",  AV_CODEC_ID_GIF    },
    { "image/jpeg", AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG  },
    { "image/jpg",  AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG  },
    { "image/jxl",  AV_CODEC_ID_JPEGXL },
    { "image/png",  AV_CODEC_ID_PNG    },
    { "image/tiff", AV_CODEC_ID_TIFF   },
    { "image/bmp",  AV_CODEC_ID_BMP    },
    { "image/webp", AV_CODEC_ID_WEBP   },
    { "JPG",        AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG  }, /* ID3v2.2  */
    { "PNG",        AV_CODEC_ID_PNG    }, /* ID3v2.2  */
    { "",           AV_CODEC_ID_NONE   },
};
 
int ff_id3v2_match(const uint8_t *buf, const char *magic)
{
    return  buf[0]         == magic[0] &&
            buf[1]         == magic[1] &&
            buf[2]         == magic[2] &&
            buf[3]         != 0xff     &&
            buf[4]         != 0xff     &&
           (buf[6] & 0x80) == 0        &&
           (buf[7] & 0x80) == 0        &&
           (buf[8] & 0x80) == 0        &&
           (buf[9] & 0x80) == 0;
}
 
int ff_id3v2_tag_len(const uint8_t *buf)
{
    int len = ((buf[6] & 0x7f) << 21) +
              ((buf[7] & 0x7f) << 14) +
              ((buf[8] & 0x7f) << 7) +
              (buf[9] & 0x7f) +
              ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE;
    if (buf[5] & 0x10)
        len += ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE;
    return len;
}
 
static unsigned int get_size(AVIOContext *s, int len)
{
    int v = 0;
    while (len--)
        v = (v << 7) + (avio_r8(s) & 0x7F);
    return v;
}
 
static int is_syncsafe(unsigned int size)
{
    return !(size & ((0x80U <<  0) |
                     (0x80U <<  8) |
                     (0x80U << 16) |
                     (0x80U << 24)));
}
 
static unsigned int size_to_syncsafe(unsigned int size)
{
    return (((size) & (0x7f <<  0)) >> 0) +
           (((size) & (0x7f <<  8)) >> 1) +
           (((size) & (0x7f << 16)) >> 2) +
           (((size) & (0x7f << 24)) >> 3);
}
 
/* No real verification, only check that the tag consists of
 * a combination of capital alpha-numerical characters */
static int is_tag(const char *buf, unsigned int len)
{
    if (!len)
        return 0;
 
    while (len--)
        if ((buf[len] < 'A' ||
             buf[len] > 'Z') &&
            (buf[len] < '0' ||
             buf[len] > '9'))
            return 0;
 
    return 1;
}
 
/**
 * Return 1 if the candidate frame boundary at offset (with rem bytes left in
 * the ID3v2 tag after it) is followed by the end of the tag, zero padding, or
 * a plausible 10-byte ID3v2.3/2.4 frame header; 0 if not, -1 on error.
 */
static int check_tag(AVIOContext *s, int64_t offset, unsigned int rem)
{
    char tag[4];
    unsigned int nsize, nlen;
 
    if (!rem)
        return 1;
    if (avio_seek(s, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
        return -1;
    if (rem < sizeof(tag)) {
        while (rem--)
            if (avio_r8(s))
                return 0;
        return 1;
    }
    if (avio_read(s, tag, sizeof(tag)) < (int)sizeof(tag))
        return -1;
    if (!AV_RB32(tag))
        return 1;
    if (rem < ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE || !is_tag(tag, sizeof(tag)))
        return 0;
    nsize = avio_rb32(s);
    nlen  = is_syncsafe(nsize) ? size_to_syncsafe(nsize) : nsize;
    /* ID3v2 requires frames to be at least 1 byte, but id3v2_parse()
     * explicitly skips empty frames (tlen == 0) to recover from broken tags.
     * Accept nlen == 0 here as well so a valid synchsafe boundary followed by
     * an empty frame is not rejected. */
    return nlen <= rem - ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE;
}
 
/**
 * Free GEOB type extra metadata.
 */
static void free_geobtag(void *obj)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMetaGEOB *geob = obj;
    av_freep(&geob->mime_type);
    av_freep(&geob->file_name);
    av_freep(&geob->description);
    av_freep(&geob->data);
}
 
/**
 * Decode characters to UTF-8 according to encoding type. The decoded buffer is
 * always null terminated. Stop reading when either *maxread bytes are read from
 * pb or U+0000 character is found.
 *
 * @param dst Pointer where the address of the buffer with the decoded bytes is
 * stored. Buffer must be freed by caller.
 * @param maxread Pointer to maximum number of characters to read from the
 * AVIOContext. After execution the value is decremented by the number of bytes
 * actually read.
 * @returns 0 if no error occurred, dst is uninitialized on error
 */
static int decode_str(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int encoding,
                      uint8_t **dst, int *maxread)
{
    int ret;
    uint8_t tmp;
    uint32_t ch = 1;
    int left = *maxread, dynsize;
    unsigned int (*get)(AVIOContext*) = avio_rb16;
    AVIOContext *dynbuf;
 
    if ((ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&dynbuf)) < 0) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error opening memory stream\n");
        return ret;
    }
 
    if (left == 0)
        goto end;
 
    switch (encoding) {
    case ID3v2_ENCODING_ISO8859:
        while (left && ch) {
            ch = avio_r8(pb);
            PUT_UTF8(ch, tmp, avio_w8(dynbuf, tmp);)
            left--;
        }
        break;
 
    case ID3v2_ENCODING_UTF16BOM:
        if ((left -= 2) < 0) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Cannot read BOM value, input too short %d\n", left);
            ffio_free_dyn_buf(&dynbuf);
            *dst = NULL;
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        }
        uint16_t bom = avio_rb16(pb);
        switch (bom) {
        case 0xfffe:
            get = avio_rl16;
            break;
        case 0xfeff:
            break;
        case 0: // empty string without bom
            goto end;
        default:
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Incorrect BOM value: 0x%x\n", bom);
            ffio_free_dyn_buf(&dynbuf);
            *dst = NULL;
            *maxread = left;
            return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        }
        av_fallthrough;
 
    case ID3v2_ENCODING_UTF16BE:
        while ((left > 1) && ch) {
            GET_UTF16(ch, ((left -= 2) >= 0 ? get(pb) : 0), break;)
            PUT_UTF8(ch, tmp, avio_w8(dynbuf, tmp);)
        }
        if (left < 0)
            left += 2;  /* did not read last char from pb */
        break;
 
    case ID3v2_ENCODING_UTF8:
        while (left && ch) {
            ch = avio_r8(pb);
            avio_w8(dynbuf, ch);
            left--;
        }
        break;
    default:
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unknown encoding %d\n", encoding);
    }
 
end:
    if (ch)
        avio_w8(dynbuf, 0);
 
    dynsize = avio_close_dyn_buf(dynbuf, dst);
    if (dynsize <= 0) {
        av_freep(dst);
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    }
    *maxread = left;
 
    return 0;
}
 
/**
 * Parse a text tag.
 */
static void read_ttag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int taglen,
                      AVDictionary **metadata, const char *key)
{
    uint8_t *dst;
    int encoding, dict_flags = AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE | AV_DICT_DONT_STRDUP_VAL;
    unsigned genre;
 
    if (taglen < 1)
        return;
 
    encoding = avio_r8(pb);
    taglen--; /* account for encoding type byte */
 
    if (decode_str(s, pb, encoding, &dst, &taglen) < 0) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error reading frame %s, skipped\n", key);
        return;
    }
 
    if (!(strcmp(key, "TCON") && strcmp(key, "TCO"))                         &&
        (sscanf(dst, "(%d)", &genre) == 1 || sscanf(dst, "%d", &genre) == 1) &&
        genre <= ID3v1_GENRE_MAX) {
        av_freep(&dst);
        dst = av_strdup(ff_id3v1_genre_str[genre]);
    } else if (!(strcmp(key, "TXXX") && strcmp(key, "TXX"))) {
        /* dst now contains the key, need to get value */
        key = dst;
        if (decode_str(s, pb, encoding, &dst, &taglen) < 0) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error reading frame %s, skipped\n", key);
            av_freep(&key);
            return;
        }
        dict_flags |= AV_DICT_DONT_STRDUP_KEY;
    } else if (!*dst)
        av_freep(&dst);
 
    if (dst)
        av_dict_set(metadata, key, dst, dict_flags);
}
 
/**
 * Parse a lang descr tag such as COMM and USLT.
 *
 * A non-empty descriptor produces "<base>-<descriptor>-<lang>" keys.
 */
static void read_lang_descr_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb,
                                const char *key, int taglen,
                                AVDictionary **metadata)
{
    char *full_key = NULL;
    uint8_t *dst, *descriptor = NULL;
    int encoding;
    char language[4] = {0};
    int flags = AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE | AV_DICT_DONT_STRDUP_VAL;
 
    if (taglen < 4)
        return;
 
    encoding = avio_r8(pb);
 
    if (avio_read(pb, language, 3) < 3) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error reading %s frame language, skipped\n", key);
        return;
    }
 
    for (char *p = language; *p; p++)
        *p = av_tolower(*p);
 
    // Some libraries set XXX for unknown language.
    if (!strcmp(language, "xxx") ||
        // By convention, "und" is represented as a key with
        // no language, e.g. "comment" or "lyrics"
        !strcmp(language, "und"))
        memset(language, 0, sizeof(language));
 
    taglen -= 4;
 
    if (decode_str(s, pb, encoding, &descriptor, &taglen) < 0) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error reading %s frame descriptor, skipped\n", key);
        return;
    }
 
    if (decode_str(s, pb, encoding, &dst, &taglen) < 0) {
        av_freep(&descriptor);
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error reading %s frame, skipped\n", key);
        return;
    }
 
    if (descriptor && *descriptor) {
#if FF_API_OLD_ID3V2_COMMENT
        if (s && (s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_LEGACY_ID3V2_COMM_KEYS) &&
            !strcmp(key, "comment")) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Deprecated: COMM descriptor '%s' exported as metadata key. "
                   "This will be removed in a future version.\n", descriptor);
            av_dict_set(metadata, (const char *)descriptor, (const char *)dst,
                        AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE);
        }
#endif
        int descr_len = strlen((char *)descriptor);
        if (av_strnlen(language, 3) > 0)
            full_key = av_asprintf("%s-%s-%s", key, descriptor, language);
                 // descr = "eng"
        else if ((descr_len == 3 &&
                 ff_convert_lang_to((char *)descriptor, AV_LANG_ISO639_2_BIBL)) ||
                 // descr = Foo-eng
                 (descr_len > 4 && descriptor[descr_len-4] == '-' &&
                 ff_convert_lang_to((char *)descriptor+descr_len-3, AV_LANG_ISO639_2_BIBL))) {
            /* Descriptor looks like a lang code: add trailing lang to
             * keep the key unambiguous on the write side. */
            full_key = av_asprintf("%s-%s-und", key, descriptor);
        } else
            full_key = av_asprintf("%s-%s", key, descriptor);
        if (!full_key) {
            av_freep(&descriptor);
            av_freep(&dst);
            return;
        }
        key = full_key;
    } else if (av_strnlen(language, 3) == 3) {
        full_key = av_asprintf("%s-%s", key, language);
        if (!full_key) {
            av_freep(&descriptor);
            av_freep(&dst);
            return;
        }
        key = full_key;
    }
 
    av_freep(&descriptor);
    av_dict_set(metadata, key, (const char *)dst, flags);
    av_freep(&full_key);
}
 
typedef struct ExtraMetaList {
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *head, *tail;
} ExtraMetaList;
 
static void list_append(ID3v2ExtraMeta *new_elem, ExtraMetaList *list)
{
    if (list->tail)
        list->tail->next = new_elem;
    else
        list->head = new_elem;
    list->tail = new_elem;
}
 
/**
 * Parse GEOB tag into a ID3v2ExtraMetaGEOB struct.
 */
static void read_geobtag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int taglen,
                         const char *tag, ExtraMetaList *extra_meta, int version)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMetaGEOB *geob_data = NULL;
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *new_extra     = NULL;
    char encoding;
    unsigned int len;
 
    if (taglen < 1)
        return;
 
    new_extra = av_mallocz(sizeof(ID3v2ExtraMeta));
    if (!new_extra) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to alloc %zu bytes\n",
               sizeof(ID3v2ExtraMeta));
        return;
    }
 
    geob_data = &new_extra->data.geob;
 
    /* read encoding type byte */
    encoding = avio_r8(pb);
    taglen--;
 
    /* read MIME type (always ISO-8859) */
    if (decode_str(s, pb, ID3v2_ENCODING_ISO8859, &geob_data->mime_type,
                   &taglen) < 0 ||
        taglen <= 0)
        goto fail;
 
    /* read file name */
    if (decode_str(s, pb, encoding, &geob_data->file_name, &taglen) < 0 ||
        taglen <= 0)
        goto fail;
 
    /* read content description */
    if (decode_str(s, pb, encoding, &geob_data->description, &taglen) < 0 ||
        taglen < 0)
        goto fail;
 
    if (taglen) {
        /* save encapsulated binary data */
        geob_data->data = av_malloc(taglen);
        if (!geob_data->data) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to alloc %d bytes\n", taglen);
            goto fail;
        }
        if ((len = avio_read(pb, geob_data->data, taglen)) < taglen)
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Error reading GEOB frame, data truncated.\n");
        geob_data->datasize = len;
    } else {
        geob_data->data     = NULL;
        geob_data->datasize = 0;
    }
 
    /* add data to the list */
    new_extra->tag  = "GEOB";
    list_append(new_extra, extra_meta);
 
    return;
 
fail:
    av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Error reading frame %s, skipped\n", tag);
    free_geobtag(geob_data);
    av_free(new_extra);
    return;
}
 
static int is_number(const char *str)
{
    while (*str >= '0' && *str <= '9')
        str++;
    return !*str;
}
 
static AVDictionaryEntry *get_date_tag(AVDictionary *m, const char *tag)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t;
    if ((t = av_dict_get(m, tag, NULL, AV_DICT_MATCH_CASE)) &&
        strlen(t->value) == 4 && is_number(t->value))
        return t;
    return NULL;
}
 
static void merge_date(AVDictionary **m)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t;
    char date[17] = { 0 };      // YYYY-MM-DD hh:mm
 
    if (!(t = get_date_tag(*m, "TYER")) &&
        !(t = get_date_tag(*m, "TYE")))
        return;
    av_strlcpy(date, t->value, 5);
    av_dict_set(m, "TYER", NULL, 0);
    av_dict_set(m, "TYE", NULL, 0);
 
    if (!(t = get_date_tag(*m, "TDAT")) &&
        !(t = get_date_tag(*m, "TDA")))
        goto finish;
    snprintf(date + 4, sizeof(date) - 4, "-%.2s-%.2s", t->value + 2, t->value);
    av_dict_set(m, "TDAT", NULL, 0);
    av_dict_set(m, "TDA", NULL, 0);
 
    if (!(t = get_date_tag(*m, "TIME")) &&
        !(t = get_date_tag(*m, "TIM")))
        goto finish;
    snprintf(date + 10, sizeof(date) - 10,
             " %.2s:%.2s", t->value, t->value + 2);
    av_dict_set(m, "TIME", NULL, 0);
    av_dict_set(m, "TIM", NULL, 0);
 
finish:
    if (date[0])
        av_dict_set(m, "date", date, 0);
}
 
static void free_apic(void *obj)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMetaAPIC *apic = obj;
    av_buffer_unref(&apic->buf);
    av_freep(&apic->description);
}
 
static void rstrip_spaces(char *buf)
{
    size_t len = strlen(buf);
    while (len > 0 && buf[len - 1] == ' ')
        buf[--len] = 0;
}
 
static void read_apic(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int taglen,
                      const char *tag, ExtraMetaList *extra_meta, int version)
{
    int enc, pic_type;
    char mimetype[64] = {0};
    const CodecMime *mime     = ff_id3v2_mime_tags;
    enum AVCodecID id         = AV_CODEC_ID_NONE;
    ID3v2ExtraMetaAPIC *apic  = NULL;
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *new_extra = NULL;
    int64_t end               = avio_tell(pb) + taglen;
 
    if (taglen <= 4 || (version == 2 && taglen <= 6))
        goto fail;
 
    new_extra = av_mallocz(sizeof(*new_extra));
    if (!new_extra)
        goto fail;
 
    apic = &new_extra->data.apic;
 
    enc = avio_r8(pb);
    taglen--;
 
    /* mimetype */
    if (version != 2) {
        int ret = avio_get_str(pb, taglen, mimetype, sizeof(mimetype));
        if (ret < 0 || ret >= taglen)
            goto fail;
        taglen -= ret;
    } else {
        if (avio_read(pb, mimetype, 3) < 0)
            goto fail;
 
        mimetype[3] = 0;
        taglen    -= 3;
    }
 
    while (mime->id != AV_CODEC_ID_NONE) {
        if (!av_strncasecmp(mime->str, mimetype, sizeof(mimetype))) {
            id = mime->id;
            break;
        }
        mime++;
    }
    if (id == AV_CODEC_ID_NONE) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
               "Unknown attached picture mimetype: %s, skipping.\n", mimetype);
        goto fail;
    }
    apic->id = id;
 
    /* picture type */
    pic_type = avio_r8(pb);
    taglen--;
    if (pic_type < 0 || pic_type >= FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(ff_id3v2_picture_types)) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unknown attached picture type %d.\n",
               pic_type);
        pic_type = 0;
    }
    apic->type = ff_id3v2_picture_types[pic_type];
 
    /* description and picture data */
    if (decode_str(s, pb, enc, &apic->description, &taglen) < 0) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
               "Error decoding attached picture description.\n");
        goto fail;
    }
 
    apic->buf = av_buffer_alloc(taglen + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
    if (!apic->buf || !taglen || avio_read(pb, apic->buf->data, taglen) != taglen)
        goto fail;
    memset(apic->buf->data + taglen, 0, AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
 
    new_extra->tag  = "APIC";
 
    // The description must be unique, and some ID3v2 tag writers add spaces
    // to write several APIC entries with the same description.
    rstrip_spaces(apic->description);
    list_append(new_extra, extra_meta);
 
    return;
 
fail:
    if (apic)
        free_apic(apic);
    av_freep(&new_extra);
    avio_seek(pb, end, SEEK_SET);
}
 
static void free_chapter(void *obj)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMetaCHAP *chap = obj;
    av_freep(&chap->element_id);
    av_dict_free(&chap->meta);
}
 
static void read_chapter(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int len,
                         const char *ttag, ExtraMetaList *extra_meta, int version)
{
    char tag[5];
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *new_extra = NULL;
    ID3v2ExtraMetaCHAP *chap  = NULL;
 
    new_extra = av_mallocz(sizeof(*new_extra));
    if (!new_extra)
        return;
 
    chap = &new_extra->data.chap;
 
    if (decode_str(s, pb, 0, &chap->element_id, &len) < 0)
        goto fail;
 
    if (len < 16)
        goto fail;
 
    chap->start = avio_rb32(pb);
    chap->end   = avio_rb32(pb);
    avio_skip(pb, 8);
 
    len -= 16;
    while (len > 10) {
        unsigned tlen;
        int64_t start, consumed;
 
        if (avio_read(pb, tag, 4) < 4)
            break;
        tag[4] = 0;
        /* Embedded frames use the same header as the surrounding tag.
         * 2.2 has no CHAP. 2.3 sizes are plain; 2.4 sizes are synchsafe. */
        if (version == 4)
            tlen = get_size(pb, 4);
        else
            tlen = avio_rb32(pb);
        avio_skip(pb, 2);
        len -= 10;
        if (tlen > (unsigned)len) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Invalid ID3v2 chapter subframe %.4s size %u, keeping the chapter\n",
                   tag, tlen);
            break;
        }
        start = avio_tell(pb);
        if (tag[0] == 'T')
            read_ttag(s, pb, tlen, &chap->meta, tag);
        consumed = avio_tell(pb) - start;
        if (consumed < 0 || consumed > tlen ||
            avio_skip(pb, tlen - consumed) < 0)
            break;
        len -= tlen;
    }
 
    ff_metadata_conv(&chap->meta, NULL, ff_id3v2_34_metadata_conv);
    ff_metadata_conv(&chap->meta, NULL, ff_id3v2_4_metadata_conv);
 
    new_extra->tag  = "CHAP";
    list_append(new_extra, extra_meta);
 
    return;
 
fail:
    free_chapter(chap);
    av_freep(&new_extra);
}
 
static void free_priv(void *obj)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMetaPRIV *priv = obj;
    av_freep(&priv->owner);
    av_freep(&priv->data);
}
 
static void read_priv(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int taglen,
                      const char *tag, ExtraMetaList *extra_meta, int version)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *meta;
    ID3v2ExtraMetaPRIV *priv;
 
    meta = av_mallocz(sizeof(*meta));
    if (!meta)
        return;
 
    priv = &meta->data.priv;
 
    if (decode_str(s, pb, ID3v2_ENCODING_ISO8859, &priv->owner, &taglen) < 0)
        goto fail;
 
    priv->data = av_malloc(taglen);
    if (!priv->data)
        goto fail;
 
    priv->datasize = taglen;
 
    if (avio_read(pb, priv->data, priv->datasize) != priv->datasize)
        goto fail;
 
    meta->tag   = "PRIV";
    list_append(meta, extra_meta);
 
    return;
 
fail:
    free_priv(priv);
    av_freep(&meta);
}
 
typedef struct ID3v2EMFunc {
    const char *tag3;
    const char *tag4;
    void (*read)(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, int taglen,
                 const char *tag, ExtraMetaList *extra_meta,
                 int version);
    void (*free)(void *obj);
} ID3v2EMFunc;
 
static const ID3v2EMFunc id3v2_extra_meta_funcs[] = {
    { "GEO", "GEOB", read_geobtag, free_geobtag },
    { "PIC", "APIC", read_apic,    free_apic    },
    { "CHAP","CHAP", read_chapter, free_chapter },
    { "PRIV","PRIV", read_priv,    free_priv    },
    { NULL }
};
 
/**
 * Get the corresponding ID3v2EMFunc struct for a tag.
 * @param isv34 Determines if v2.2 or v2.3/4 strings are used
 * @return A pointer to the ID3v2EMFunc struct if found, NULL otherwise.
 */
static const ID3v2EMFunc *get_extra_meta_func(const char *tag, int isv34)
{
    int i = 0;
    while (id3v2_extra_meta_funcs[i].tag3) {
        if (tag && !memcmp(tag,
                    (isv34 ? id3v2_extra_meta_funcs[i].tag4 :
                             id3v2_extra_meta_funcs[i].tag3),
                    (isv34 ? 4 : 3)))
            return &id3v2_extra_meta_funcs[i];
        i++;
    }
    return NULL;
}
 
static void id3v2_parse(AVIOContext *pb, AVDictionary **metadata,
                        AVFormatContext *s, int len, uint8_t version,
                        uint8_t flags, ExtraMetaList *extra_meta)
{
    int isv34, unsync;
    unsigned tlen;
    char tag[5];
    int64_t next, end = avio_tell(pb);
    int taghdrlen;
    const char *reason = NULL;
    FFIOContext pb_local;
    AVIOContext *pbx;
    unsigned char *buffer = NULL;
    int buffer_size       = 0;
    const ID3v2EMFunc *extra_func = NULL;
    unsigned char *uncompressed_buffer = NULL;
    av_unused int uncompressed_buffer_size = 0;
    const char *comm_frame;
 
    if (end > INT64_MAX - len - 10)
        return;
    end += len;
 
    av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "id3v2 ver:%d flags:%02X len:%d\n", version, flags, len);
 
    switch (version) {
    case 2:
        if (flags & 0x40) {
            reason = "compression";
            goto error;
        }
        isv34     = 0;
        taghdrlen = 6;
        comm_frame = "COM";
        break;
 
    case 3:
    case 4:
        isv34     = 1;
        taghdrlen = 10;
        comm_frame = "COMM";
        break;
 
    default:
        reason = "version";
        goto error;
    }
 
    unsync = flags & 0x80;
 
    if (isv34 && flags & 0x40) { /* Extended header present, just skip over it */
        int extlen = get_size(pb, 4);
        if (version == 4)
            /* In v2.4 the length includes the length field we just read. */
            extlen -= 4;
 
        if (extlen < 0) {
            reason = "invalid extended header length";
            goto error;
        }
        avio_skip(pb, extlen);
        len -= extlen + 4;
        if (len < 0) {
            reason = "extended header too long.";
            goto error;
        }
    }
 
    while (len >= taghdrlen) {
        unsigned int tflags = 0;
        int tunsync         = 0;
        int tcomp           = 0;
        int tencr           = 0;
        av_unused unsigned long dlen;
 
        if (isv34) {
            if (avio_read(pb, tag, 4) < 4)
                break;
            tag[4] = 0;
            if (version == 3) {
                tlen = avio_rb32(pb);
            } else {
                /* some encoders incorrectly uses v3 sizes instead of syncsafe ones
                 * so check the next tag to see which one to use */
                tlen = avio_rb32(pb);
                if (tlen > 0x7f) {
                    unsigned int rem = len - taghdrlen;
 
                    if (tlen <= rem) {
                        int64_t cur = avio_tell(pb);
                        unsigned int ss_tlen = size_to_syncsafe(tlen);
 
                        if (ffio_ensure_seekback(pb, 2 /* tflags */ +
                                                 FFMIN(rem, tlen + ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE)))
                            break;
 
                        if (is_syncsafe(tlen) &&
                            check_tag(pb, cur + 2 + ss_tlen, rem - ss_tlen) == 1)
                            tlen = ss_tlen;
                        else if (check_tag(pb, cur + 2 + tlen, rem - tlen) != 1)
                            break;
                        avio_seek(pb, cur, SEEK_SET);
                    } else if (is_syncsafe(tlen))
                        tlen = size_to_syncsafe(tlen);
                }
            }
            tflags  = avio_rb16(pb);
            tunsync = tflags & ID3v2_FLAG_UNSYNCH;
        } else {
            if (avio_read(pb, tag, 3) < 3)
                break;
            tag[3] = 0;
            tlen   = avio_rb24(pb);
        }
        if (tlen > (1<<28))
            break;
        len -= taghdrlen + tlen;
 
        if (len < 0)
            break;
 
        next = avio_tell(pb) + tlen;
 
        if (!tlen) {
            if (tag[0])
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Invalid empty frame %s, skipping.\n",
                       tag);
            continue;
        }
 
        if (tflags & ID3v2_FLAG_DATALEN) {
            if (tlen < 4)
                break;
            dlen = avio_rb32(pb);
            tlen -= 4;
        } else
            dlen = tlen;
 
        tcomp = tflags & ID3v2_FLAG_COMPRESSION;
        tencr = tflags & ID3v2_FLAG_ENCRYPTION;
 
        /* skip encrypted tags and, if no zlib, compressed tags */
        if (tencr || (!CONFIG_ZLIB && tcomp)) {
            const char *type;
            if (!tcomp)
                type = "encrypted";
            else if (!tencr)
                type = "compressed";
            else
                type = "encrypted and compressed";
 
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Skipping %s ID3v2 frame %s.\n", type, tag);
            avio_skip(pb, tlen);
        /* check for text tag or supported special meta tag */
        } else if (tag[0] == 'T' ||
                   !memcmp(tag, "USLT", 4) ||
                   !strcmp(tag, comm_frame) ||
                   (extra_meta &&
                    (extra_func = get_extra_meta_func(tag, isv34)))) {
            pbx = pb;
 
            if (unsync || tunsync || tcomp) {
                av_fast_malloc(&buffer, &buffer_size, tlen);
                if (!buffer) {
                    av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to alloc %d bytes\n", tlen);
                    goto seek;
                }
            }
            if (unsync || tunsync) {
                uint8_t *b = buffer;
                uint8_t *t = buffer;
 
                if (avio_read(pb, buffer, tlen) != tlen) {
                    av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to read tag data\n");
                    goto seek;
                }
 
                const uint8_t *const buf_end = t + tlen;
                while (t != buf_end) {
                    *b++ = *t++;
                    if (t != buf_end && t[-1] == 0xff && !t[0])
                        t++;
                }
 
                ffio_init_read_context(&pb_local, buffer, b - buffer);
                tlen = b - buffer;
                pbx  = &pb_local.pub; // read from sync buffer
            }
 
#if CONFIG_ZLIB
            if (tcomp) {
                int err;
 
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Compressed frame %s tlen=%d dlen=%ld\n", tag, tlen, dlen);
 
                if (tlen <= 0)
                    goto seek;
                if (dlen / 32768 > tlen)
                    goto seek;
 
                av_fast_malloc(&uncompressed_buffer, &uncompressed_buffer_size, dlen);
                if (!uncompressed_buffer) {
                    av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to alloc %ld bytes\n", dlen);
                    goto seek;
                }
 
                if (!(unsync || tunsync)) {
                    err = avio_read(pb, buffer, tlen);
                    if (err < 0) {
                        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to read compressed tag\n");
                        goto seek;
                    }
                    tlen = err;
                }
 
                err = uncompress(uncompressed_buffer, &dlen, buffer, tlen);
                if (err != Z_OK) {
                    av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Failed to uncompress tag: %d\n", err);
                    goto seek;
                }
                ffio_init_read_context(&pb_local, uncompressed_buffer, dlen);
                tlen = dlen;
                pbx = &pb_local.pub; // read from sync buffer
            }
#endif
            if (s && (s->debug & AV_FDEBUG_ID3V2)) {
                int64_t pos = avio_tell(pbx);
                uint8_t *buf = av_malloc(tlen + 3U);
                if (buf) {
                    int n = avio_read(pbx, buf + 1, tlen);
                    if (n >= 0) {
                        buf[0] = '|';
                        for (unsigned i = 1; i <= n; i++)
                            if (!(buf[i] >= 0x20 && buf[i] < 0x7f))
                                buf[i] = '.';
                        buf[n + 1] = '|';
                        buf[n + 2] = '\0';
                        av_log(s, AV_LOG_INFO, "ID3v2 frame %.4s (%d bytes):%s\n",
                               tag, tlen, buf);
                    }
                    av_free(buf);
                    avio_seek(pbx, pos, SEEK_SET);
                }
            }
            if (tag[0] == 'T')
                /* parse text tag */
                read_ttag(s, pbx, tlen, metadata, tag);
            else if (!memcmp(tag, "USLT", 4))
                read_lang_descr_tag(s, pbx, "lyrics", tlen, metadata);
            else if (!strcmp(tag, comm_frame))
                read_lang_descr_tag(s, pbx, "comment", tlen, metadata);
            else
                /* parse special meta tag */
                extra_func->read(s, pbx, tlen, tag, extra_meta, version);
        } else if (!tag[0]) {
            if (tag[1])
                av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "invalid frame id, assuming padding\n");
            avio_skip(pb, tlen);
            break;
        }
        /* Skip to end of tag */
seek:
        avio_seek(pb, next, SEEK_SET);
    }
 
    /* Footer preset, always 10 bytes, skip over it */
    if (version == 4 && flags & 0x10)
        end += 10;
 
error:
    if (reason)
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_INFO, "ID3v2.%d tag skipped, cannot handle %s\n",
               version, reason);
    avio_seek(pb, end, SEEK_SET);
    av_free(buffer);
    av_free(uncompressed_buffer);
    return;
}
 
static void id3v2_read_internal(AVIOContext *pb, AVDictionary **metadata,
                                AVFormatContext *s, const char *magic,
                                ID3v2ExtraMeta **extra_metap, int64_t max_search_size)
{
    int len, ret;
    uint8_t buf[ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE];
    ExtraMetaList extra_meta = { NULL };
    int found_header;
    int64_t start, off;
 
    if (extra_metap)
        *extra_metap = NULL;
 
    if (max_search_size && max_search_size < ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE)
        return;
 
    start = avio_tell(pb);
    do {
        /* save the current offset in case there's nothing to read/skip */
        off = avio_tell(pb);
        if (max_search_size && off - start >= max_search_size - ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE) {
            avio_seek(pb, off, SEEK_SET);
            break;
        }
 
        ret = ffio_ensure_seekback(pb, ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE);
        if (ret >= 0)
            ret = avio_read(pb, buf, ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE);
        if (ret != ID3v2_HEADER_SIZE) {
            avio_seek(pb, off, SEEK_SET);
            break;
        }
        found_header = ff_id3v2_match(buf, magic);
        if (found_header) {
            /* parse ID3v2 header */
            len = ((buf[6] & 0x7f) << 21) |
                  ((buf[7] & 0x7f) << 14) |
                  ((buf[8] & 0x7f) << 7) |
                   (buf[9] & 0x7f);
            id3v2_parse(pb, metadata, s, len, buf[3], buf[5],
                        extra_metap ? &extra_meta : NULL);
        } else {
            avio_seek(pb, off, SEEK_SET);
        }
    } while (found_header);
    ff_metadata_conv(metadata, NULL, ff_id3v2_34_metadata_conv);
    ff_metadata_conv(metadata, NULL, id3v2_2_metadata_conv);
    ff_metadata_conv(metadata, NULL, ff_id3v2_4_metadata_conv);
    merge_date(metadata);
    if (extra_metap)
        *extra_metap = extra_meta.head;
}
 
void ff_id3v2_read_dict(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, AVDictionary **metadata,
                        const char *magic, ID3v2ExtraMeta **extra_meta)
{
    id3v2_read_internal(pb, metadata, s, magic, extra_meta, 0);
}
 
void ff_id3v2_read(AVFormatContext *s, const char *magic,
                   ID3v2ExtraMeta **extra_meta, unsigned int max_search_size)
{
    id3v2_read_internal(s->pb, &s->metadata, s, magic, extra_meta, max_search_size);
}
 
void ff_id3v2_free_extra_meta(ID3v2ExtraMeta **extra_meta)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *current = *extra_meta, *next;
    const ID3v2EMFunc *extra_func;
 
    while (current) {
        if ((extra_func = get_extra_meta_func(current->tag, 1)))
            extra_func->free(&current->data);
        next = current->next;
        av_freep(&current);
        current = next;
    }
 
    *extra_meta = NULL;
}
 
int ff_id3v2_parse_apic(AVFormatContext *s, ID3v2ExtraMeta *extra_meta)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *cur;
 
    for (cur = extra_meta; cur; cur = cur->next) {
        ID3v2ExtraMetaAPIC *apic;
        AVStream *st;
        int ret;
 
        if (strcmp(cur->tag, "APIC"))
            continue;
        apic = &cur->data.apic;
 
        ret = ff_add_attached_pic(s, NULL, NULL, &apic->buf, 0);
        if (ret < 0)
            return ret;
        st  = s->streams[s->nb_streams - 1];
        st->codecpar->codec_id   = apic->id;
 
        if (AV_RB64(st->attached_pic.data) == PNGSIG)
            st->codecpar->codec_id = AV_CODEC_ID_PNG;
 
        if (apic->description[0])
            av_dict_set(&st->metadata, "title", apic->description, 0);
 
        av_dict_set(&st->metadata, "comment", apic->type, 0);
    }
 
    return 0;
}
 
int ff_id3v2_parse_chapters(AVFormatContext *s, ID3v2ExtraMeta *cur)
{
    AVRational time_base = {1, 1000};
    int ret;
 
    for (unsigned i = 0; cur; cur = cur->next) {
        ID3v2ExtraMetaCHAP *chap;
        AVChapter *chapter;
 
        if (strcmp(cur->tag, "CHAP"))
            continue;
 
        chap = &cur->data.chap;
        chapter = avpriv_new_chapter(s, i++, time_base, chap->start,
                                     chap->end, chap->element_id);
        if (!chapter)
            continue;
 
        if ((ret = av_dict_copy(&chapter->metadata, chap->meta, 0)) < 0)
            return ret;
    }
 
    return 0;
}
 
int ff_id3v2_parse_priv_dict(AVDictionary **metadata, ID3v2ExtraMeta *extra_meta)
{
    ID3v2ExtraMeta *cur;
    int dict_flags = AV_DICT_DONT_OVERWRITE | AV_DICT_DONT_STRDUP_KEY | AV_DICT_DONT_STRDUP_VAL;
 
    for (cur = extra_meta; cur; cur = cur->next) {
        if (!strcmp(cur->tag, "PRIV")) {
            ID3v2ExtraMetaPRIV *priv = &cur->data.priv;
            AVBPrint bprint;
            char *escaped, *key;
            int i, ret;
 
            if ((key = av_asprintf(ID3v2_PRIV_METADATA_PREFIX "%s", priv->owner)) == NULL) {
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
            }
 
            av_bprint_init(&bprint, priv->datasize + 1, AV_BPRINT_SIZE_UNLIMITED);
 
            for (i = 0; i < priv->datasize; i++) {
                if (priv->data[i] < 32 || priv->data[i] > 126 || priv->data[i] == '\\') {
                    av_bprintf(&bprint, "\\x%02x", priv->data[i]);
                } else {
                    av_bprint_chars(&bprint, priv->data[i], 1);
                }
            }
 
            if ((ret = av_bprint_finalize(&bprint, &escaped)) < 0) {
                av_free(key);
                return ret;
            }
 
            if ((ret = av_dict_set(metadata, key, escaped, dict_flags)) < 0) {
                return ret;
            }
        }
    }
 
    return 0;
}
 
int ff_id3v2_parse_priv(AVFormatContext *s, ID3v2ExtraMeta *extra_meta)
{
    return ff_id3v2_parse_priv_dict(&s->metadata, extra_meta);
}