movenc.c

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/*
 * MOV, 3GP, MP4 muxer
 * Copyright (c) 2003 Thomas Raivio
 * Copyright (c) 2004 Gildas Bazin <gbazin at videolan dot org>
 * Copyright (c) 2009 Baptiste Coudurier <baptiste dot coudurier at gmail dot com>
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

#include <stdint.h>
#include <inttypes.h>

#include "movenc.h"
#include "avformat.h"
#include "avio_internal.h"
#include "riff.h"
#include "avio.h"
#include "isom.h"
#include "av1.h"
#include "avc.h"
#include "libavcodec/ac3_parser_internal.h"
#include "libavcodec/dnxhddata.h"
#include "libavcodec/flac.h"
#include "libavcodec/get_bits.h"

#include "libavcodec/internal.h"
#include "libavcodec/put_bits.h"
#include "libavcodec/vc1_common.h"
#include "libavcodec/raw.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "libavutil/avstring.h"
#include "libavutil/intfloat.h"
#include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
#include "libavutil/libm.h"
#include "libavutil/opt.h"
#include "libavutil/dict.h"
#include "libavutil/pixdesc.h"
#include "libavutil/stereo3d.h"
#include "libavutil/timecode.h"
#include "libavutil/dovi_meta.h"
#include "libavutil/color_utils.h"
#include "hevc.h"
#include "rtpenc.h"
#include "mov_chan.h"
#include "vpcc.h"

static const AVOption options[] = {
    { "movflags", "MOV muxer flags", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, flags), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLAGS, {.i64 = 0}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "rtphint", "Add RTP hint tracks", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_RTP_HINT}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "moov_size", "maximum moov size so it can be placed at the begin", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, reserved_moov_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, 0 },
    { "empty_moov", "Make the initial moov atom empty", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_EMPTY_MOOV}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "frag_keyframe", "Fragment at video keyframes", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAG_KEYFRAME}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "frag_every_frame", "Fragment at every frame", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAG_EVERY_FRAME}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "separate_moof", "Write separate moof/mdat atoms for each track", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_SEPARATE_MOOF}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "frag_custom", "Flush fragments on caller requests", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAG_CUSTOM}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "isml", "Create a live smooth streaming feed (for pushing to a publishing point)", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_ISML}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "faststart", "Run a second pass to put the index (moov atom) at the beginning of the file", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_FASTSTART}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "omit_tfhd_offset", "Omit the base data offset in tfhd atoms", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_OMIT_TFHD_OFFSET}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "disable_chpl", "Disable Nero chapter atom", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_DISABLE_CHPL}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "default_base_moof", "Set the default-base-is-moof flag in tfhd atoms", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_DEFAULT_BASE_MOOF}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "dash", "Write DASH compatible fragmented MP4", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_DASH}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "cmaf", "Write CMAF compatible fragmented MP4", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_CMAF}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "frag_discont", "Signal that the next fragment is discontinuous from earlier ones", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAG_DISCONT}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "delay_moov", "Delay writing the initial moov until the first fragment is cut, or until the first fragment flush", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_DELAY_MOOV}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "global_sidx", "Write a global sidx index at the start of the file", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_GLOBAL_SIDX}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "skip_sidx", "Skip writing of sidx atom", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_SKIP_SIDX}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "write_colr", "Write colr atom even if the color info is unspecified (Experimental, may be renamed or changed, do not use from scripts)", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_WRITE_COLR}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "prefer_icc", "If writing colr atom prioritise usage of ICC profile if it exists in stream packet side data", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_PREFER_ICC}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "write_gama", "Write deprecated gama atom", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_WRITE_GAMA}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "use_metadata_tags", "Use mdta atom for metadata.", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_USE_MDTA}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "skip_trailer", "Skip writing the mfra/tfra/mfro trailer for fragmented files", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_SKIP_TRAILER}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    { "negative_cts_offsets", "Use negative CTS offsets (reducing the need for edit lists)", 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = FF_MOV_FLAG_NEGATIVE_CTS_OFFSETS}, INT_MIN, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "movflags" },
    FF_RTP_FLAG_OPTS(MOVMuxContext, rtp_flags),
    { "skip_iods", "Skip writing iods atom.", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, iods_skip), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64 = 1}, 0, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "iods_audio_profile", "iods audio profile atom.", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, iods_audio_profile), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = -1}, -1, 255, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "iods_video_profile", "iods video profile atom.", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, iods_video_profile), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = -1}, -1, 255, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "frag_duration", "Maximum fragment duration", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, max_fragment_duration), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "min_frag_duration", "Minimum fragment duration", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, min_fragment_duration), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "frag_size", "Maximum fragment size", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, max_fragment_size), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "ism_lookahead", "Number of lookahead entries for ISM files", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, ism_lookahead), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "video_track_timescale", "set timescale of all video tracks", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, video_track_timescale), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "brand",    "Override major brand", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, major_brand),   AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str = NULL}, .flags = AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
    { "use_editlist", "use edit list", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, use_editlist), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64 = -1}, -1, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "fragment_index", "Fragment number of the next fragment", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, fragments), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 1}, 1, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "mov_gamma", "gamma value for gama atom", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, gamma), AV_OPT_TYPE_FLOAT, {.dbl = 0.0 }, 0.0, 10, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "frag_interleave", "Interleave samples within fragments (max number of consecutive samples, lower is tighter interleaving, but with more overhead)", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, frag_interleave), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = 0}, 0, INT_MAX, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
    { "encryption_scheme",    "Configures the encryption scheme, allowed values are none, cenc-aes-ctr", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, encryption_scheme_str),   AV_OPT_TYPE_STRING, {.str = NULL}, .flags = AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
    { "encryption_key", "The media encryption key (hex)", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, encryption_key), AV_OPT_TYPE_BINARY, .flags = AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
    { "encryption_kid", "The media encryption key identifier (hex)", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, encryption_kid), AV_OPT_TYPE_BINARY, .flags = AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM },
    { "use_stream_ids_as_track_ids", "use stream ids as track ids", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, use_stream_ids_as_track_ids), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64 = 0}, 0, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "write_tmcd", "force or disable writing tmcd", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, write_tmcd), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64 = -1}, -1, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { "write_prft", "Write producer reference time box with specified time source", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, write_prft), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, {.i64 = MOV_PRFT_NONE}, 0, MOV_PRFT_NB-1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "prft"},
    { "wallclock", NULL, 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = MOV_PRFT_SRC_WALLCLOCK}, 0, 0, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "prft"},
    { "pts", NULL, 0, AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, {.i64 = MOV_PRFT_SRC_PTS}, 0, 0, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM, "prft"},
    { "empty_hdlr_name", "write zero-length name string in hdlr atoms within mdia and minf atoms", offsetof(MOVMuxContext, empty_hdlr_name), AV_OPT_TYPE_BOOL, {.i64 = 0}, 0, 1, AV_OPT_FLAG_ENCODING_PARAM},
    { NULL },
};

#define MOV_CLASS(flavor)\
static const AVClass flavor ## _muxer_class = {\
    .class_name = #flavor " muxer",\
    .item_name  = av_default_item_name,\
    .option     = options,\
    .version    = LIBAVUTIL_VERSION_INT,\
};

static int get_moov_size(AVFormatContext *s);

static int utf8len(const uint8_t *b)
{
    int len = 0;
    int val;
    while (*b) {
        GET_UTF8(val, *b++, return -1;)
        len++;
    }
    return len;
}

//FIXME support 64 bit variant with wide placeholders
static int64_t update_size(AVIOContext *pb, int64_t pos)
{
    int64_t curpos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_seek(pb, pos, SEEK_SET);
    avio_wb32(pb, curpos - pos); /* rewrite size */
    avio_seek(pb, curpos, SEEK_SET);

    return curpos - pos;
}

static int co64_required(const MOVTrack *track)
{
    if (track->entry > 0 && track->cluster[track->entry - 1].pos + track->data_offset > UINT32_MAX)
        return 1;
    return 0;
}

static int is_cover_image(const AVStream *st)
{
    /* Eg. AV_DISPOSITION_ATTACHED_PIC | AV_DISPOSITION_TIMED_THUMBNAILS
     * is encoded as sparse video track */
    return st && st->disposition == AV_DISPOSITION_ATTACHED_PIC;
}

static int rtp_hinting_needed(const AVStream *st)
{
    /* Add hint tracks for each real audio and video stream */
    if (is_cover_image(st))
        return 0;
    return st->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO ||
           st->codecpar->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;
}

/* Chunk offset atom */
static int mov_write_stco_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int i;
    int mode64 = co64_required(track); // use 32 bit size variant if possible
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    if (mode64)
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "co64");
    else
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "stco");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version & flags */
    avio_wb32(pb, track->chunkCount); /* entry count */
    for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
        if (!track->cluster[i].chunkNum)
            continue;
        if (mode64 == 1)
            avio_wb64(pb, track->cluster[i].pos + track->data_offset);
        else
            avio_wb32(pb, track->cluster[i].pos + track->data_offset);
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* Sample size atom */
static int mov_write_stsz_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int equalChunks = 1;
    int i, j, entries = 0, tst = -1, oldtst = -1;

    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "stsz");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version & flags */

    for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
        tst = track->cluster[i].size / track->cluster[i].entries;
        if (oldtst != -1 && tst != oldtst)
            equalChunks = 0;
        oldtst = tst;
        entries += track->cluster[i].entries;
    }
    if (equalChunks && track->entry) {
        int sSize = track->entry ? track->cluster[0].size / track->cluster[0].entries : 0;
        sSize = FFMAX(1, sSize); // adpcm mono case could make sSize == 0
        avio_wb32(pb, sSize); // sample size
        avio_wb32(pb, entries); // sample count
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); // sample size
        avio_wb32(pb, entries); // sample count
        for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
            for (j = 0; j < track->cluster[i].entries; j++) {
                avio_wb32(pb, track->cluster[i].size /
                          track->cluster[i].entries);
            }
        }
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* Sample to chunk atom */
static int mov_write_stsc_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int index = 0, oldval = -1, i;
    int64_t entryPos, curpos;

    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "stsc");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); // version & flags
    entryPos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, track->chunkCount); // entry count
    for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
        if (oldval != track->cluster[i].samples_in_chunk && track->cluster[i].chunkNum) {
            avio_wb32(pb, track->cluster[i].chunkNum); // first chunk
            avio_wb32(pb, track->cluster[i].samples_in_chunk); // samples per chunk
            avio_wb32(pb, 0x1); // sample description index
            oldval = track->cluster[i].samples_in_chunk;
            index++;
        }
    }
    curpos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_seek(pb, entryPos, SEEK_SET);
    avio_wb32(pb, index); // rewrite size
    avio_seek(pb, curpos, SEEK_SET);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* Sync sample atom */
static int mov_write_stss_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track, uint32_t flag)
{
    int64_t curpos, entryPos;
    int i, index = 0;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); // size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, flag == MOV_SYNC_SAMPLE ? "stss" : "stps");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); // version & flags
    entryPos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, track->entry); // entry count
    for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
        if (track->cluster[i].flags & flag) {
            avio_wb32(pb, i + 1);
            index++;
        }
    }
    curpos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_seek(pb, entryPos, SEEK_SET);
    avio_wb32(pb, index); // rewrite size
    avio_seek(pb, curpos, SEEK_SET);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* Sample dependency atom */
static int mov_write_sdtp_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int i;
    uint8_t leading, dependent, reference, redundancy;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); // size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "sdtp");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); // version & flags
    for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
        dependent = MOV_SAMPLE_DEPENDENCY_YES;
        leading = reference = redundancy = MOV_SAMPLE_DEPENDENCY_UNKNOWN;
        if (track->cluster[i].flags & MOV_DISPOSABLE_SAMPLE) {
            reference = MOV_SAMPLE_DEPENDENCY_NO;
        }
        if (track->cluster[i].flags & MOV_SYNC_SAMPLE) {
            dependent = MOV_SAMPLE_DEPENDENCY_NO;
        }
        avio_w8(pb, (leading << 6)   | (dependent << 4) |
                    (reference << 2) | redundancy);
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_amr_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x11); /* size */
    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) ffio_wfourcc(pb, "samr");
    else                         ffio_wfourcc(pb, "damr");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "FFMP");
    avio_w8(pb, 0); /* decoder version */

    avio_wb16(pb, 0x81FF); /* Mode set (all modes for AMR_NB) */
    avio_w8(pb, 0x00); /* Mode change period (no restriction) */
    avio_w8(pb, 0x01); /* Frames per sample */
    return 0x11;
}

static int mov_write_ac3_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    GetBitContext gbc;
    PutBitContext pbc;
    uint8_t buf[3];
    int fscod, bsid, bsmod, acmod, lfeon, frmsizecod;

    if (track->vos_len < 7) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
               "Cannot write moov atom before AC3 packets."
               " Set the delay_moov flag to fix this.\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 11);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dac3");

    init_get_bits(&gbc, track->vos_data + 4, (track->vos_len - 4) * 8);
    fscod      = get_bits(&gbc, 2);
    frmsizecod = get_bits(&gbc, 6);
    bsid       = get_bits(&gbc, 5);
    bsmod      = get_bits(&gbc, 3);
    acmod      = get_bits(&gbc, 3);
    if (acmod == 2) {
        skip_bits(&gbc, 2); // dsurmod
    } else {
        if ((acmod & 1) && acmod != 1)
            skip_bits(&gbc, 2); // cmixlev
        if (acmod & 4)
            skip_bits(&gbc, 2); // surmixlev
    }
    lfeon = get_bits1(&gbc);

    init_put_bits(&pbc, buf, sizeof(buf));
    put_bits(&pbc, 2, fscod);
    put_bits(&pbc, 5, bsid);
    put_bits(&pbc, 3, bsmod);
    put_bits(&pbc, 3, acmod);
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, lfeon);
    put_bits(&pbc, 5, frmsizecod >> 1); // bit_rate_code
    put_bits(&pbc, 5, 0); // reserved

    flush_put_bits(&pbc);
    avio_write(pb, buf, sizeof(buf));

    return 11;
}

struct eac3_info {
    AVPacket pkt;
    uint8_t ec3_done;
    uint8_t num_blocks;

    /* Layout of the EC3SpecificBox */
    /* maximum bitrate */
    uint16_t data_rate;
    /* number of independent substreams */
    uint8_t  num_ind_sub;
    struct {
        /* sample rate code (see ff_ac3_sample_rate_tab) 2 bits */
        uint8_t fscod;
        /* bit stream identification 5 bits */
        uint8_t bsid;
        /* one bit reserved */
        /* audio service mixing (not supported yet) 1 bit */
        /* bit stream mode 3 bits */
        uint8_t bsmod;
        /* audio coding mode 3 bits */
        uint8_t acmod;
        /* sub woofer on 1 bit */
        uint8_t lfeon;
        /* 3 bits reserved */
        /* number of dependent substreams associated with this substream 4 bits */
        uint8_t num_dep_sub;
        /* channel locations of the dependent substream(s), if any, 9 bits */
        uint16_t chan_loc;
        /* if there is no dependent substream, then one bit reserved instead */
    } substream[1]; /* TODO: support 8 independent substreams */
};

#if CONFIG_AC3_PARSER
static int handle_eac3(MOVMuxContext *mov, AVPacket *pkt, MOVTrack *track)
{
    AC3HeaderInfo *hdr = NULL;
    struct eac3_info *info;
    int num_blocks, ret;

    if (!track->eac3_priv && !(track->eac3_priv = av_mallocz(sizeof(*info))))
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    info = track->eac3_priv;

    if (avpriv_ac3_parse_header(&hdr, pkt->data, pkt->size) < 0) {
        /* drop the packets until we see a good one */
        if (!track->entry) {
            av_log(mov->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Dropping invalid packet from start of the stream\n");
            ret = 0;
        } else
            ret = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        goto end;
    }

    info->data_rate = FFMAX(info->data_rate, hdr->bit_rate / 1000);
    num_blocks = hdr->num_blocks;

    if (!info->ec3_done) {
        /* AC-3 substream must be the first one */
        if (hdr->bitstream_id <= 10 && hdr->substreamid != 0) {
            ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
            goto end;
        }

        /* this should always be the case, given that our AC-3 parser
         * concatenates dependent frames to their independent parent */
        if (hdr->frame_type == EAC3_FRAME_TYPE_INDEPENDENT) {
            /* substream ids must be incremental */
            if (hdr->substreamid > info->num_ind_sub + 1) {
                ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
                goto end;
            }

            if (hdr->substreamid == info->num_ind_sub + 1) {
                //info->num_ind_sub++;
                avpriv_request_sample(mov->fc, "Multiple independent substreams");
                ret = AVERROR_PATCHWELCOME;
                goto end;
            } else if (hdr->substreamid < info->num_ind_sub ||
                       hdr->substreamid == 0 && info->substream[0].bsid) {
                info->ec3_done = 1;
                goto concatenate;
            }
        } else {
            if (hdr->substreamid != 0) {
                avpriv_request_sample(mov->fc, "Multiple non EAC3 independent substreams");
                ret = AVERROR_PATCHWELCOME;
                goto end;
            }
        }

        /* fill the info needed for the "dec3" atom */
        info->substream[hdr->substreamid].fscod = hdr->sr_code;
        info->substream[hdr->substreamid].bsid  = hdr->bitstream_id;
        info->substream[hdr->substreamid].bsmod = hdr->bitstream_mode;
        info->substream[hdr->substreamid].acmod = hdr->channel_mode;
        info->substream[hdr->substreamid].lfeon = hdr->lfe_on;

        /* Parse dependent substream(s), if any */
        if (pkt->size != hdr->frame_size) {
            int cumul_size = hdr->frame_size;
            int parent = hdr->substreamid;

            while (cumul_size != pkt->size) {
                GetBitContext gbc;
                int i;
                ret = avpriv_ac3_parse_header(&hdr, pkt->data + cumul_size, pkt->size - cumul_size);
                if (ret < 0)
                    goto end;
                if (hdr->frame_type != EAC3_FRAME_TYPE_DEPENDENT) {
                    ret = AVERROR(EINVAL);
                    goto end;
                }
                info->substream[parent].num_dep_sub++;
                ret /= 8;

                /* header is parsed up to lfeon, but custom channel map may be needed */
                init_get_bits8(&gbc, pkt->data + cumul_size + ret, pkt->size - cumul_size - ret);
                /* skip bsid */
                skip_bits(&gbc, 5);
                /* skip volume control params */
                for (i = 0; i < (hdr->channel_mode ? 1 : 2); i++) {
                    skip_bits(&gbc, 5); // skip dialog normalization
                    if (get_bits1(&gbc)) {
                        skip_bits(&gbc, 8); // skip compression gain word
                    }
                }
                /* get the dependent stream channel map, if exists */
                if (get_bits1(&gbc))
                    info->substream[parent].chan_loc |= (get_bits(&gbc, 16) >> 5) & 0x1f;
                else
                    info->substream[parent].chan_loc |= hdr->channel_mode;
                cumul_size += hdr->frame_size;
            }
        }
    }

concatenate:
    if (!info->num_blocks && num_blocks == 6) {
        ret = pkt->size;
        goto end;
    }
    else if (info->num_blocks + num_blocks > 6) {
        ret = AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
        goto end;
    }

    if (!info->num_blocks) {
        ret = av_packet_ref(&info->pkt, pkt);
        if (!ret)
            info->num_blocks = num_blocks;
        goto end;
    } else {
        if ((ret = av_grow_packet(&info->pkt, pkt->size)) < 0)
            goto end;
        memcpy(info->pkt.data + info->pkt.size - pkt->size, pkt->data, pkt->size);
        info->num_blocks += num_blocks;
        info->pkt.duration += pkt->duration;
        if (info->num_blocks != 6)
            goto end;
        av_packet_unref(pkt);
        av_packet_move_ref(pkt, &info->pkt);
        info->num_blocks = 0;
    }
    ret = pkt->size;

end:
    av_free(hdr);

    return ret;
}
#endif

static int mov_write_eac3_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    PutBitContext pbc;
    uint8_t *buf;
    struct eac3_info *info;
    int size, i;

    if (!track->eac3_priv) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
               "Cannot write moov atom before EAC3 packets parsed.\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    info = track->eac3_priv;
    size = 2 + ((34 * (info->num_ind_sub + 1) + 7) >> 3);
    buf = av_malloc(size);
    if (!buf) {
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    }

    init_put_bits(&pbc, buf, size);
    put_bits(&pbc, 13, info->data_rate);
    put_bits(&pbc,  3, info->num_ind_sub);
    for (i = 0; i <= info->num_ind_sub; i++) {
        put_bits(&pbc, 2, info->substream[i].fscod);
        put_bits(&pbc, 5, info->substream[i].bsid);
        put_bits(&pbc, 1, 0); /* reserved */
        put_bits(&pbc, 1, 0); /* asvc */
        put_bits(&pbc, 3, info->substream[i].bsmod);
        put_bits(&pbc, 3, info->substream[i].acmod);
        put_bits(&pbc, 1, info->substream[i].lfeon);
        put_bits(&pbc, 5, 0); /* reserved */
        put_bits(&pbc, 4, info->substream[i].num_dep_sub);
        if (!info->substream[i].num_dep_sub) {
            put_bits(&pbc, 1, 0); /* reserved */
        } else {
            put_bits(&pbc, 9, info->substream[i].chan_loc);
        }
    }
    flush_put_bits(&pbc);
    size = put_bits_count(&pbc) >> 3;

    avio_wb32(pb, size + 8);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dec3");
    avio_write(pb, buf, size);

    av_free(buf);

    return size;
}

/**
 * This function writes extradata "as is".
 * Extradata must be formatted like a valid atom (with size and tag).
 */
static int mov_write_extradata_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    avio_write(pb, track->par->extradata, track->par->extradata_size);
    return track->par->extradata_size;
}

static int mov_write_enda_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 10);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "enda");
    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* little endian */
    return 10;
}

static int mov_write_enda_tag_be(AVIOContext *pb)
{
  avio_wb32(pb, 10);
  ffio_wfourcc(pb, "enda");
  avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* big endian */
  return 10;
}

static void put_descr(AVIOContext *pb, int tag, unsigned int size)
{
    int i = 3;
    avio_w8(pb, tag);
    for (; i > 0; i--)
        avio_w8(pb, (size >> (7 * i)) | 0x80);
    avio_w8(pb, size & 0x7F);
}

static unsigned compute_avg_bitrate(MOVTrack *track)
{
    uint64_t size = 0;
    int i;
    if (!track->track_duration)
        return 0;
    for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++)
        size += track->cluster[i].size;
    return size * 8 * track->timescale / track->track_duration;
}

struct mpeg4_bit_rate_values {
    uint32_t buffer_size;  ///< Size of the decoding buffer for the elementary stream in bytes.
    uint32_t max_bit_rate; ///< Maximum rate in bits/second over any window of one second.
    uint32_t avg_bit_rate; ///< Average rate in bits/second over the entire presentation.
};

static struct mpeg4_bit_rate_values calculate_mpeg4_bit_rates(MOVTrack *track)
{
    AVCPBProperties *props = track->st ?
        (AVCPBProperties*)av_stream_get_side_data(track->st,
                                                  AV_PKT_DATA_CPB_PROPERTIES,
                                                  NULL) :
        NULL;
    struct mpeg4_bit_rate_values bit_rates = { 0 };

    bit_rates.avg_bit_rate = compute_avg_bitrate(track);
    if (!bit_rates.avg_bit_rate) {
        // if the average bit rate cannot be calculated at this point, such as
        // in the case of fragmented MP4, utilize the following values as
        // fall-back in priority order:
        //
        // 1. average bit rate property
        // 2. bit rate (usually average over the whole clip)
        // 3. maximum bit rate property

        if (props && props->avg_bitrate) {
            bit_rates.avg_bit_rate = props->avg_bitrate;
        } else if (track->par->bit_rate) {
            bit_rates.avg_bit_rate = track->par->bit_rate;
        } else if (props && props->max_bitrate) {
            bit_rates.avg_bit_rate = props->max_bitrate;
        }
    }

    // (FIXME should be max rate in any 1 sec window)
    bit_rates.max_bit_rate = FFMAX(track->par->bit_rate,
                                   bit_rates.avg_bit_rate);

    // utilize values from properties if we have them available
    if (props) {
        bit_rates.max_bit_rate = FFMAX(bit_rates.max_bit_rate,
                                       props->max_bitrate);
        bit_rates.buffer_size = props->buffer_size / 8;
    }

    return bit_rates;
}

static int mov_write_esds_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track) // Basic
{
    struct mpeg4_bit_rate_values bit_rates = calculate_mpeg4_bit_rates(track);
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int decoder_specific_info_len = track->vos_len ? 5 + track->vos_len : 0;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); // size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "esds");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); // Version

    // ES descriptor
    put_descr(pb, 0x03, 3 + 5+13 + decoder_specific_info_len + 5+1);
    avio_wb16(pb, track->track_id);
    avio_w8(pb, 0x00); // flags (= no flags)

    // DecoderConfig descriptor
    put_descr(pb, 0x04, 13 + decoder_specific_info_len);

    // Object type indication
    if ((track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP2 ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MP3) &&
        track->par->sample_rate > 24000)
        avio_w8(pb, 0x6B); // 11172-3
    else
        avio_w8(pb, ff_codec_get_tag(ff_mp4_obj_type, track->par->codec_id));

    // the following fields is made of 6 bits to identify the streamtype (4 for video, 5 for audio)
    // plus 1 bit to indicate upstream and 1 bit set to 1 (reserved)
    if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVD_SUBTITLE)
        avio_w8(pb, (0x38 << 2) | 1); // flags (= NeroSubpicStream)
    else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
        avio_w8(pb, 0x15); // flags (= Audiostream)
    else
        avio_w8(pb, 0x11); // flags (= Visualstream)

    avio_wb24(pb, bit_rates.buffer_size); // Buffersize DB
    avio_wb32(pb, bit_rates.max_bit_rate); // maxbitrate
    avio_wb32(pb, bit_rates.avg_bit_rate);

    if (track->vos_len) {
        // DecoderSpecific info descriptor
        put_descr(pb, 0x05, track->vos_len);
        avio_write(pb, track->vos_data, track->vos_len);
    }

    // SL descriptor
    put_descr(pb, 0x06, 1);
    avio_w8(pb, 0x02);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_pcm_le_gt16(enum AVCodecID codec_id)
{
    return codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S24LE ||
           codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S32LE ||
           codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F32LE ||
           codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F64LE;
}

static int mov_pcm_be_gt16(enum AVCodecID codec_id)
{
    return codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S24BE ||
           codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S32BE ||
           codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F32BE ||
           codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F64BE;
}

static int mov_write_ms_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int ret;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wl32(pb, track->tag); // store it byteswapped
    track->par->codec_tag = av_bswap16(track->tag >> 16);
    if ((ret = ff_put_wav_header(s, pb, track->par, 0)) < 0)
        return ret;
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_wfex_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int ret;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "wfex");
    if ((ret = ff_put_wav_header(s, pb, track->st->codecpar, FF_PUT_WAV_HEADER_FORCE_WAVEFORMATEX)) < 0)
        return ret;
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_dfla_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dfLa");
    avio_w8(pb, 0); /* version */
    avio_wb24(pb, 0); /* flags */

    /* Expect the encoder to pass a METADATA_BLOCK_TYPE_STREAMINFO. */
    if (track->par->extradata_size != FLAC_STREAMINFO_SIZE)
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;

    /* TODO: Write other METADATA_BLOCK_TYPEs if the encoder makes them available. */
    avio_w8(pb, 1 << 7 | FLAC_METADATA_TYPE_STREAMINFO); /* LastMetadataBlockFlag << 7 | BlockType */
    avio_wb24(pb, track->par->extradata_size); /* Length */
    avio_write(pb, track->par->extradata, track->par->extradata_size); /* BlockData[Length] */

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_dops_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dOps");
    avio_w8(pb, 0); /* Version */
    if (track->par->extradata_size < 19) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "invalid extradata size\n");
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
    }
    /* extradata contains an Ogg OpusHead, other than byte-ordering and
       OpusHead's preceeding magic/version, OpusSpecificBox is currently
       identical. */
    avio_w8(pb, AV_RB8(track->par->extradata + 9)); /* OuputChannelCount */
    avio_wb16(pb, AV_RL16(track->par->extradata + 10)); /* PreSkip */
    avio_wb32(pb, AV_RL32(track->par->extradata + 12)); /* InputSampleRate */
    avio_wb16(pb, AV_RL16(track->par->extradata + 16)); /* OutputGain */
    /* Write the rest of the header out without byte-swapping. */
    avio_write(pb, track->par->extradata + 18, track->par->extradata_size - 18);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_dmlp_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int length;
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dmlp");

    if (track->vos_len < 20) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR,
               "Cannot write moov atom before TrueHD packets."
               " Set the delay_moov flag to fix this.\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    length = (AV_RB16(track->vos_data) & 0xFFF) * 2;
    if (length < 20 || length > track->vos_len)
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;

    // Only TrueHD is supported
    if (AV_RB32(track->vos_data + 4) != 0xF8726FBA)
        return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;

    avio_wb32(pb, AV_RB32(track->vos_data + 8)); /* format_info */
    avio_wb16(pb, AV_RB16(track->vos_data + 18) << 1); /* peak_data_rate */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_chan_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    uint32_t layout_tag, bitmap;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    layout_tag = ff_mov_get_channel_layout_tag(track->par->codec_id,
                                               track->par->channel_layout,
                                               &bitmap);
    if (!layout_tag) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "not writing 'chan' tag due to "
               "lack of channel information\n");
        return 0;
    }

    if (track->multichannel_as_mono)
        return 0;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);           // Size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "chan");   // Type
    avio_w8(pb, 0);             // Version
    avio_wb24(pb, 0);           // Flags
    avio_wb32(pb, layout_tag);  // mChannelLayoutTag
    avio_wb32(pb, bitmap);      // mChannelBitmap
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);           // mNumberChannelDescriptions

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_wave_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);     /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "wave");

    if (track->par->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_QDM2) {
    avio_wb32(pb, 12);    /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "frma");
    avio_wl32(pb, track->tag);
    }

    if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
        /* useless atom needed by mplayer, ipod, not needed by quicktime */
        avio_wb32(pb, 12); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mp4a");
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);
        mov_write_esds_tag(pb, track);
    } else if (mov_pcm_le_gt16(track->par->codec_id))  {
      mov_write_enda_tag(pb);
    } else if (mov_pcm_be_gt16(track->par->codec_id))  {
      mov_write_enda_tag_be(pb);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AMR_NB) {
        mov_write_amr_tag(pb, track);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3) {
        mov_write_ac3_tag(s, pb, track);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_EAC3) {
        mov_write_eac3_tag(s, pb, track);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ALAC ||
               track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_QDM2) {
        mov_write_extradata_tag(pb, track);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ADPCM_MS ||
               track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ADPCM_IMA_WAV) {
        mov_write_ms_tag(s, pb, track);
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 8);     /* size */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);     /* null tag */

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_dvc1_structs(MOVTrack *track, uint8_t *buf)
{
    uint8_t *unescaped;
    const uint8_t *start, *next, *end = track->vos_data + track->vos_len;
    int unescaped_size, seq_found = 0;
    int level = 0, interlace = 0;
    int packet_seq   = track->vc1_info.packet_seq;
    int packet_entry = track->vc1_info.packet_entry;
    int slices       = track->vc1_info.slices;
    PutBitContext pbc;

    if (track->start_dts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        /* No packets written yet, vc1_info isn't authoritative yet. */
        /* Assume inline sequence and entry headers. */
        packet_seq = packet_entry = 1;
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING,
               "moov atom written before any packets, unable to write correct "
               "dvc1 atom. Set the delay_moov flag to fix this.\n");
    }

    unescaped = av_mallocz(track->vos_len + AV_INPUT_BUFFER_PADDING_SIZE);
    if (!unescaped)
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    start = find_next_marker(track->vos_data, end);
    for (next = start; next < end; start = next) {
        GetBitContext gb;
        int size;
        next = find_next_marker(start + 4, end);
        size = next - start - 4;
        if (size <= 0)
            continue;
        unescaped_size = vc1_unescape_buffer(start + 4, size, unescaped);
        init_get_bits(&gb, unescaped, 8 * unescaped_size);
        if (AV_RB32(start) == VC1_CODE_SEQHDR) {
            int profile = get_bits(&gb, 2);
            if (profile != PROFILE_ADVANCED) {
                av_free(unescaped);
                return AVERROR(ENOSYS);
            }
            seq_found = 1;
            level = get_bits(&gb, 3);
            /* chromaformat, frmrtq_postproc, bitrtq_postproc, postprocflag,
             * width, height */
            skip_bits_long(&gb, 2 + 3 + 5 + 1 + 2*12);
            skip_bits(&gb, 1); /* broadcast */
            interlace = get_bits1(&gb);
            skip_bits(&gb, 4); /* tfcntrflag, finterpflag, reserved, psf */
        }
    }
    if (!seq_found) {
        av_free(unescaped);
        return AVERROR(ENOSYS);
    }

    init_put_bits(&pbc, buf, 7);
    /* VC1DecSpecStruc */
    put_bits(&pbc, 4, 12); /* profile - advanced */
    put_bits(&pbc, 3, level);
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, 0); /* reserved */
    /* VC1AdvDecSpecStruc */
    put_bits(&pbc, 3, level);
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, 0); /* cbr */
    put_bits(&pbc, 6, 0); /* reserved */
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, !interlace); /* no interlace */
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, !packet_seq); /* no multiple seq */
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, !packet_entry); /* no multiple entry */
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, !slices); /* no slice code */
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, 0); /* no bframe */
    put_bits(&pbc, 1, 0); /* reserved */

    /* framerate */
    if (track->st->avg_frame_rate.num > 0 && track->st->avg_frame_rate.den > 0)
        put_bits32(&pbc, track->st->avg_frame_rate.num / track->st->avg_frame_rate.den);
    else
        put_bits32(&pbc, 0xffffffff);

    flush_put_bits(&pbc);

    av_free(unescaped);

    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_dvc1_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    uint8_t buf[7] = { 0 };
    int ret;

    if ((ret = mov_write_dvc1_structs(track, buf)) < 0)
        return ret;

    avio_wb32(pb, track->vos_len + 8 + sizeof(buf));
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dvc1");
    avio_write(pb, buf, sizeof(buf));
    avio_write(pb, track->vos_data, track->vos_len);

    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_glbl_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, track->vos_len + 8);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "glbl");
    avio_write(pb, track->vos_data, track->vos_len);
    return 8 + track->vos_len;
}

/**
 * Compute flags for 'lpcm' tag.
 * See CoreAudioTypes and AudioStreamBasicDescription at Apple.
 */
static int mov_get_lpcm_flags(enum AVCodecID codec_id)
{
    switch (codec_id) {
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F32BE:
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F64BE:
        return 11;
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F32LE:
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_F64LE:
        return 9;
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_U8:
        return 10;
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S16BE:
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S24BE:
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S32BE:
        return 14;
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S8:
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S16LE:
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S24LE:
    case AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S32LE:
        return 12;
    default:
        return 0;
    }
}

static int get_cluster_duration(MOVTrack *track, int cluster_idx)
{
    int64_t next_dts;

    if (cluster_idx >= track->entry)
        return 0;

    if (cluster_idx + 1 == track->entry)
        next_dts = track->track_duration + track->start_dts;
    else
        next_dts = track->cluster[cluster_idx + 1].dts;

    next_dts -= track->cluster[cluster_idx].dts;

    av_assert0(next_dts >= 0);
    av_assert0(next_dts <= INT_MAX);

    return next_dts;
}

static int get_samples_per_packet(MOVTrack *track)
{
    int i, first_duration;

// return track->par->frame_size;

    /* use 1 for raw PCM */
    if (!track->audio_vbr)
        return 1;

    /* check to see if duration is constant for all clusters */
    if (!track->entry)
        return 0;
    first_duration = get_cluster_duration(track, 0);
    for (i = 1; i < track->entry; i++) {
        if (get_cluster_duration(track, i) != first_duration)
            return 0;
    }
    return first_duration;
}

static int mov_write_btrt_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    struct mpeg4_bit_rate_values bit_rates = calculate_mpeg4_bit_rates(track);
    if (!bit_rates.max_bit_rate && !bit_rates.avg_bit_rate &&
        !bit_rates.buffer_size)
        // no useful data to be written, skip
        return 0;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "btrt");

    avio_wb32(pb, bit_rates.buffer_size);
    avio_wb32(pb, bit_rates.max_bit_rate);
    avio_wb32(pb, bit_rates.avg_bit_rate);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_audio_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int version = 0;
    uint32_t tag = track->tag;
    int ret = 0;

    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) {
        if (track->timescale > UINT16_MAX || !track->par->channels) {
            if (mov_get_lpcm_flags(track->par->codec_id))
                tag = AV_RL32("lpcm");
            version = 2;
        } else if (track->audio_vbr || mov_pcm_le_gt16(track->par->codec_id) ||
                   mov_pcm_be_gt16(track->par->codec_id) ||
                   track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ADPCM_MS ||
                   track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ADPCM_IMA_WAV ||
                   track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_QDM2) {
            version = 1;
        }
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    if (mov->encryption_scheme != MOV_ENC_NONE) {
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "enca");
    } else {
        avio_wl32(pb, tag); // store it byteswapped
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* Data-reference index, XXX  == 1 */

    /* SoundDescription */
    avio_wb16(pb, version); /* Version */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Revision level */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */

    if (version == 2) {
        avio_wb16(pb, 3);
        avio_wb16(pb, 16);
        avio_wb16(pb, 0xfffe);
        avio_wb16(pb, 0);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0x00010000);
        avio_wb32(pb, 72);
        avio_wb64(pb, av_double2int(track->par->sample_rate));
        avio_wb32(pb, track->par->channels);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0x7F000000);
        avio_wb32(pb, av_get_bits_per_sample(track->par->codec_id));
        avio_wb32(pb, mov_get_lpcm_flags(track->par->codec_id));
        avio_wb32(pb, track->sample_size);
        avio_wb32(pb, get_samples_per_packet(track));
    } else {
        if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) {
            avio_wb16(pb, track->par->channels);
            if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_U8 ||
                track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S8)
                avio_wb16(pb, 8); /* bits per sample */
            else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ADPCM_G726)
                avio_wb16(pb, track->par->bits_per_coded_sample);
            else
                avio_wb16(pb, 16);
            avio_wb16(pb, track->audio_vbr ? -2 : 0); /* compression ID */
        } else { /* reserved for mp4/3gp */
            if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_FLAC ||
                track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ALAC ||
                track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS) {
                avio_wb16(pb, track->par->channels);
            } else {
                avio_wb16(pb, 2);
            }
            if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_FLAC ||
                track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ALAC) {
                avio_wb16(pb, track->par->bits_per_raw_sample);
            } else {
                avio_wb16(pb, 16);
            }
            avio_wb16(pb, 0);
        }

        avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* packet size (= 0) */
        if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS)
            avio_wb16(pb, 48000);
        else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEHD)
            avio_wb32(pb, track->par->sample_rate);
        else
            avio_wb16(pb, track->par->sample_rate <= UINT16_MAX ?
                          track->par->sample_rate : 0);

        if (track->par->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEHD)
            avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    }

    if (version == 1) { /* SoundDescription V1 extended info */
        if (mov_pcm_le_gt16(track->par->codec_id) ||
            mov_pcm_be_gt16(track->par->codec_id))
            avio_wb32(pb, 1); /*  must be 1 for  uncompressed formats */
        else
            avio_wb32(pb, track->par->frame_size); /* Samples per packet */
        avio_wb32(pb, track->sample_size / track->par->channels); /* Bytes per packet */
        avio_wb32(pb, track->sample_size); /* Bytes per frame */
        avio_wb32(pb, 2); /* Bytes per sample */
    }

    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV &&
        (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC           ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3           ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_EAC3          ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AMR_NB        ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ALAC          ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ADPCM_MS      ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ADPCM_IMA_WAV ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_QDM2          ||
         (mov_pcm_le_gt16(track->par->codec_id) && version==1) ||
         (mov_pcm_be_gt16(track->par->codec_id) && version==1)))
        ret = mov_write_wave_tag(s, pb, track);
    else if (track->tag == MKTAG('m','p','4','a'))
        ret = mov_write_esds_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AMR_NB)
        ret = mov_write_amr_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AC3)
        ret = mov_write_ac3_tag(s, pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_EAC3)
        ret = mov_write_eac3_tag(s, pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_ALAC)
        ret = mov_write_extradata_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_WMAPRO)
        ret = mov_write_wfex_tag(s, pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_FLAC)
        ret = mov_write_dfla_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS)
        ret = mov_write_dops_tag(s, pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEHD)
        ret = mov_write_dmlp_tag(s, pb, track);
    else if (track->vos_len > 0)
        ret = mov_write_glbl_tag(pb, track);

    if (ret < 0)
        return ret;

    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV && track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO
            && ((ret = mov_write_chan_tag(s, pb, track)) < 0)) {
        return ret;
    }

    if (mov->encryption_scheme != MOV_ENC_NONE
            && ((ret = ff_mov_cenc_write_sinf_tag(track, pb, mov->encryption_kid)) < 0)) {
        return ret;
    }

    if (track->mode == MODE_MP4 &&
            ((ret = mov_write_btrt_tag(pb, track)) < 0))
        return ret;

    ret = update_size(pb, pos);
    return ret;
}

static int mov_write_d263_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 0xf); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "d263");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "FFMP");
    avio_w8(pb, 0); /* decoder version */
    /* FIXME use AVCodecContext level/profile, when encoder will set values */
    avio_w8(pb, 0xa); /* level */
    avio_w8(pb, 0); /* profile */
    return 0xf;
}

static int mov_write_av1c_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "av1C");
    ff_isom_write_av1c(pb, track->vos_data, track->vos_len);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_avcc_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "avcC");
    ff_isom_write_avcc(pb, track->vos_data, track->vos_len);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_vpcc_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "vpcC");
    avio_w8(pb, 1); /* version */
    avio_wb24(pb, 0); /* flags */
    ff_isom_write_vpcc(s, pb, track->par);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_hvcc_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "hvcC");
    if (track->tag == MKTAG('h','v','c','1'))
        ff_isom_write_hvcc(pb, track->vos_data, track->vos_len, 1);
    else
        ff_isom_write_hvcc(pb, track->vos_data, track->vos_len, 0);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* also used by all avid codecs (dv, imx, meridien) and their variants */
static int mov_write_avid_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int i;
    int interlaced;
    int cid;
    int display_width = track->par->width;

    if (track->vos_data && track->vos_len > 0x29) {
        if (ff_dnxhd_parse_header_prefix(track->vos_data) != 0) {
            /* looks like a DNxHD bit stream */
            interlaced = (track->vos_data[5] & 2);
            cid = AV_RB32(track->vos_data + 0x28);
        } else {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Could not locate DNxHD bit stream in vos_data\n");
            return 0;
        }
    } else {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Could not locate DNxHD bit stream, vos_data too small\n");
        return 0;
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 24); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ACLR");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ACLR");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "0001");
    if (track->par->color_range == AVCOL_RANGE_MPEG || /* Legal range (16-235) */
        track->par->color_range == AVCOL_RANGE_UNSPECIFIED) {
        avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* Corresponds to 709 in official encoder */
    } else { /* Full range (0-255) */
        avio_wb32(pb, 2); /* Corresponds to RGB in official encoder */
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* unknown */

    if (track->tag == MKTAG('A','V','d','h')) {
        avio_wb32(pb, 32);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ADHR");
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "0001");
        avio_wb32(pb, cid);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* unknown */
        avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* unknown */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* unknown */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* unknown */
        return 0;
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 24); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "APRG");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "APRG");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "0001");
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* unknown */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* unknown */

    avio_wb32(pb, 120); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ARES");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ARES");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "0001");
    avio_wb32(pb, cid); /* dnxhd cid, some id ? */
    if (   track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.num > 0
        && track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.den > 0)
        display_width = display_width * track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.num / track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.den;
    avio_wb32(pb, display_width);
    /* values below are based on samples created with quicktime and avid codecs */
    if (interlaced) {
        avio_wb32(pb, track->par->height / 2);
        avio_wb32(pb, 2); /* unknown */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* unknown */
        avio_wb32(pb, 4); /* unknown */
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, track->par->height);
        avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* unknown */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* unknown */
        if (track->par->height == 1080)
            avio_wb32(pb, 5); /* unknown */
        else
            avio_wb32(pb, 6); /* unknown */
    }
    /* padding */
    for (i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        avio_wb64(pb, 0);

    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_dpxe_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 12);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "DpxE");
    if (track->par->extradata_size >= 12 &&
        !memcmp(&track->par->extradata[4], "DpxE", 4)) {
        avio_wb32(pb, track->par->extradata[11]);
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, 1);
    }
    return 0;
}

static int mov_get_dv_codec_tag(AVFormatContext *s, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int tag;

    if (track->par->width == 720) { /* SD */
        if (track->par->height == 480) { /* NTSC */
            if  (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P) tag = MKTAG('d','v','5','n');
            else                                            tag = MKTAG('d','v','c',' ');
       }else if (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P) tag = MKTAG('d','v','5','p');
        else if (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P) tag = MKTAG('d','v','c','p');
        else                                                tag = MKTAG('d','v','p','p');
    } else if (track->par->height == 720) { /* HD 720 line */
        if  (track->st->time_base.den == 50)                tag = MKTAG('d','v','h','q');
        else                                                tag = MKTAG('d','v','h','p');
    } else if (track->par->height == 1080) { /* HD 1080 line */
        if  (track->st->time_base.den == 25)                tag = MKTAG('d','v','h','5');
        else                                                tag = MKTAG('d','v','h','6');
    } else {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "unsupported height for dv codec\n");
        return 0;
    }

    return tag;
}

static AVRational find_fps(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st)
{
    AVRational rate = st->avg_frame_rate;

#if FF_API_LAVF_AVCTX
    FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    rate = av_inv_q(st->codec->time_base);
    if (av_timecode_check_frame_rate(rate) < 0) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "timecode: tbc=%d/%d invalid, fallback on %d/%d\n",
               rate.num, rate.den, st->avg_frame_rate.num, st->avg_frame_rate.den);
        rate = st->avg_frame_rate;
    }
    FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif

    return rate;
}

static int defined_frame_rate(AVFormatContext *s, AVStream *st)
{
    AVRational rational_framerate = find_fps(s, st);
    int rate = 0;
    if (rational_framerate.den != 0)
        rate = av_q2d(rational_framerate);
    return rate;
}

static int mov_get_mpeg2_xdcam_codec_tag(AVFormatContext *s, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int tag = track->par->codec_tag;
    int interlaced = track->par->field_order > AV_FIELD_PROGRESSIVE;
    AVStream *st = track->st;
    int rate = defined_frame_rate(s, st);

    if (!tag)
        tag = MKTAG('m', '2', 'v', '1'); //fallback tag

    if (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P) {
        if (track->par->width == 1280 && track->par->height == 720) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','4');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','5');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','1');
                else if (rate == 50) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','a');
                else if (rate == 60) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','9');
            }
        } else if (track->par->width == 1440 && track->par->height == 1080) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','6');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','7');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','8');
            } else {
                if      (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','3');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','2');
            }
        } else if (track->par->width == 1920 && track->par->height == 1080) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','d');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','e');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','f');
            } else {
                if      (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','c');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','v','b');
            }
        }
    } else if (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P) {
        if (track->par->width == 1280 && track->par->height == 720) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','4');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','5');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','1');
                else if (rate == 50) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','a');
                else if (rate == 60) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','9');
            }
        } else if (track->par->width == 1920 && track->par->height == 1080) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','d');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','e');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','f');
            } else {
                if      (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','c');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('x','d','5','b');
            }
        }
    }

    return tag;
}

static int mov_get_h264_codec_tag(AVFormatContext *s, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int tag = track->par->codec_tag;
    int interlaced = track->par->field_order > AV_FIELD_PROGRESSIVE;
    AVStream *st = track->st;
    int rate = defined_frame_rate(s, st);

    if (!tag)
        tag = MKTAG('a', 'v', 'c', 'i'); //fallback tag

    if (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P10) {
        if (track->par->width == 960 && track->par->height == 720) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','p');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','q');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','p');
                else if (rate == 50) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','q');
                else if (rate == 60) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','p');
            }
        } else if (track->par->width == 1440 && track->par->height == 1080) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','3');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','2');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','3');
            } else {
                if      (rate == 50) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','5');
                else if (rate == 60) tag = MKTAG('a','i','5','6');
            }
        }
    } else if (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P10) {
        if (track->par->width == 1280 && track->par->height == 720) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','p');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','q');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','p');
                else if (rate == 50) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','q');
                else if (rate == 60) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','p');
            }
        } else if (track->par->width == 1920 && track->par->height == 1080) {
            if (!interlaced) {
                if      (rate == 24) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','3');
                else if (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','2');
                else if (rate == 30) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','3');
            } else {
                if      (rate == 25) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','5');
                else if (rate == 50) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','5');
                else if (rate == 60) tag = MKTAG('a','i','1','6');
            }
        } else if (   track->par->width == 4096 && track->par->height == 2160
                   || track->par->width == 3840 && track->par->height == 2160
                   || track->par->width == 2048 && track->par->height == 1080) {
            tag = MKTAG('a','i','v','x');
        }
    }

    return tag;
}

static const struct {
    enum AVPixelFormat pix_fmt;
    uint32_t tag;
    unsigned bps;
} mov_pix_fmt_tags[] = {
    { AV_PIX_FMT_YUYV422, MKTAG('y','u','v','2'),  0 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_YUYV422, MKTAG('y','u','v','s'),  0 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_UYVY422, MKTAG('2','v','u','y'),  0 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_RGB555BE,MKTAG('r','a','w',' '), 16 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_RGB555LE,MKTAG('L','5','5','5'), 16 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_RGB565LE,MKTAG('L','5','6','5'), 16 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_RGB565BE,MKTAG('B','5','6','5'), 16 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY16BE,MKTAG('b','1','6','g'), 16 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24,   MKTAG('r','a','w',' '), 24 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_BGR24,   MKTAG('2','4','B','G'), 24 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_ARGB,    MKTAG('r','a','w',' '), 32 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_BGRA,    MKTAG('B','G','R','A'), 32 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_RGBA,    MKTAG('R','G','B','A'), 32 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_ABGR,    MKTAG('A','B','G','R'), 32 },
    { AV_PIX_FMT_RGB48BE, MKTAG('b','4','8','r'), 48 },
};

static int mov_get_dnxhd_codec_tag(AVFormatContext *s, MOVTrack *track)
{
  int tag = MKTAG('A','V','d','n');
  if (track->par->profile != FF_PROFILE_UNKNOWN &&
      track->par->profile != FF_PROFILE_DNXHD)
      tag = MKTAG('A','V','d','h');
  return tag;
}

static int mov_get_rawvideo_codec_tag(AVFormatContext *s, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int tag = track->par->codec_tag;
    int i;
    enum AVPixelFormat pix_fmt;

    for (i = 0; i < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(mov_pix_fmt_tags); i++) {
        if (track->par->format == mov_pix_fmt_tags[i].pix_fmt) {
            tag = mov_pix_fmt_tags[i].tag;
            track->par->bits_per_coded_sample = mov_pix_fmt_tags[i].bps;
            if (track->par->codec_tag == mov_pix_fmt_tags[i].tag)
                break;
        }
    }

    pix_fmt = avpriv_find_pix_fmt(avpriv_pix_fmt_bps_mov,
                                  track->par->bits_per_coded_sample);
    if (tag == MKTAG('r','a','w',' ') &&
        track->par->format != pix_fmt &&
        track->par->format != AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY8 &&
        track->par->format != AV_PIX_FMT_NONE)
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "%s rawvideo cannot be written to mov, output file will be unreadable\n",
               av_get_pix_fmt_name(track->par->format));
    return tag;
}

static unsigned int mov_get_codec_tag(AVFormatContext *s, MOVTrack *track)
{
    unsigned int tag = track->par->codec_tag;

    // "rtp " is used to distinguish internally created RTP-hint tracks
    // (with rtp_ctx) from other tracks.
    if (tag == MKTAG('r','t','p',' '))
        tag = 0;
    if (!tag || (s->strict_std_compliance >= FF_COMPLIANCE_NORMAL &&
                 (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVVIDEO ||
                  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO ||
                  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H263 ||
                  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 ||
                  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DNXHD ||
                  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO ||
                  av_get_bits_per_sample(track->par->codec_id)))) { // pcm audio
        if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVVIDEO)
            tag = mov_get_dv_codec_tag(s, track);
        else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO)
            tag = mov_get_rawvideo_codec_tag(s, track);
        else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO)
            tag = mov_get_mpeg2_xdcam_codec_tag(s, track);
        else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264)
            tag = mov_get_h264_codec_tag(s, track);
        else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DNXHD)
            tag = mov_get_dnxhd_codec_tag(s, track);
        else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            tag = ff_codec_get_tag(ff_codec_movvideo_tags, track->par->codec_id);
            if (!tag) { // if no mac fcc found, try with Microsoft tags
                tag = ff_codec_get_tag(ff_codec_bmp_tags, track->par->codec_id);
                if (tag)
                    av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Using MS style video codec tag, "
                           "the file may be unplayable!\n");
            }
        } else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
            tag = ff_codec_get_tag(ff_codec_movaudio_tags, track->par->codec_id);
            if (!tag) { // if no mac fcc found, try with Microsoft tags
                int ms_tag = ff_codec_get_tag(ff_codec_wav_tags, track->par->codec_id);
                if (ms_tag) {
                    tag = MKTAG('m', 's', ((ms_tag >> 8) & 0xff), (ms_tag & 0xff));
                    av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Using MS style audio codec tag, "
                           "the file may be unplayable!\n");
                }
            }
        } else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE)
            tag = ff_codec_get_tag(ff_codec_movsubtitle_tags, track->par->codec_id);
    }

    return tag;
}

static const AVCodecTag codec_cover_image_tags[] = {
    { AV_CODEC_ID_MJPEG,  0xD },
    { AV_CODEC_ID_PNG,    0xE },
    { AV_CODEC_ID_BMP,    0x1B },
    { AV_CODEC_ID_NONE, 0 },
};

static unsigned int validate_codec_tag(const AVCodecTag *const *tags,
                                       unsigned int tag, int codec_id)
{
    int i;

    /**
     * Check that tag + id is in the table
     */
    for (i = 0; tags && tags[i]; i++) {
        const AVCodecTag *codec_tags = tags[i];
        while (codec_tags->id != AV_CODEC_ID_NONE) {
            if (avpriv_toupper4(codec_tags->tag) == avpriv_toupper4(tag) &&
                codec_tags->id == codec_id)
                return codec_tags->tag;
            codec_tags++;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

static unsigned int mov_find_codec_tag(AVFormatContext *s, MOVTrack *track)
{
    if (is_cover_image(track->st))
        return ff_codec_get_tag(codec_cover_image_tags, track->par->codec_id);

    if (track->mode == MODE_IPOD)
        if (!av_match_ext(s->url, "m4a") &&
            !av_match_ext(s->url, "m4v") &&
            !av_match_ext(s->url, "m4b"))
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Warning, extension is not .m4a nor .m4v "
                   "Quicktime/Ipod might not play the file\n");

    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) {
        return mov_get_codec_tag(s, track);
    } else
        return validate_codec_tag(s->oformat->codec_tag, track->par->codec_tag,
                                  track->par->codec_id);
}

/** Write uuid atom.
 * Needed to make file play in iPods running newest firmware
 * goes after avcC atom in moov.trak.mdia.minf.stbl.stsd.avc1
 */
static int mov_write_uuid_tag_ipod(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 28);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "uuid");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x6b6840f2);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x5f244fc5);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0xba39a51b);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0xcf0323f3);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x0);
    return 28;
}

static const uint16_t fiel_data[] = {
    0x0000, 0x0100, 0x0201, 0x0206, 0x0209, 0x020e
};

static int mov_write_fiel_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track, int field_order)
{
    unsigned mov_field_order = 0;
    if (field_order < FF_ARRAY_ELEMS(fiel_data))
        mov_field_order = fiel_data[field_order];
    else
        return 0;
    avio_wb32(pb, 10);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "fiel");
    avio_wb16(pb, mov_field_order);
    return 10;
}

static int mov_write_subtitle_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int ret = AVERROR_BUG;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);    /* size */
    avio_wl32(pb, track->tag); // store it byteswapped
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);    /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0);    /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 1);    /* Data-reference index */

    if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DVD_SUBTITLE)
        mov_write_esds_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->extradata_size)
        avio_write(pb, track->par->extradata, track->par->extradata_size);

    if (track->mode == MODE_MP4 &&
            ((ret = mov_write_btrt_tag(pb, track)) < 0))
        return ret;

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_st3d_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, AVStereo3D *stereo_3d)
{
    int8_t stereo_mode;

    if (stereo_3d->flags != 0) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unsupported stereo_3d flags %x. st3d not written.\n", stereo_3d->flags);
        return 0;
    }

    switch (stereo_3d->type) {
    case AV_STEREO3D_2D:
        stereo_mode = 0;
        break;
    case AV_STEREO3D_TOPBOTTOM:
        stereo_mode = 1;
        break;
    case AV_STEREO3D_SIDEBYSIDE:
        stereo_mode = 2;
        break;
    default:
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unsupported stereo_3d type %s. st3d not written.\n", av_stereo3d_type_name(stereo_3d->type));
        return 0;
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, 13); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "st3d");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version = 0 & flags = 0 */
    avio_w8(pb, stereo_mode);
    return 13;
}

static int mov_write_sv3d_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, AVSphericalMapping *spherical_mapping)
{
    int64_t sv3d_pos, svhd_pos, proj_pos;
    const char* metadata_source = s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_BITEXACT ? "Lavf" : LIBAVFORMAT_IDENT;

    if (spherical_mapping->projection != AV_SPHERICAL_EQUIRECTANGULAR &&
        spherical_mapping->projection != AV_SPHERICAL_EQUIRECTANGULAR_TILE &&
        spherical_mapping->projection != AV_SPHERICAL_CUBEMAP) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Unsupported projection %d. sv3d not written.\n", spherical_mapping->projection);
        return 0;
    }

    sv3d_pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);  /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "sv3d");

    svhd_pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);  /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "svhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version = 0 & flags = 0 */
    avio_put_str(pb, metadata_source);
    update_size(pb, svhd_pos);

    proj_pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "proj");

    avio_wb32(pb, 24); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "prhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version = 0 & flags = 0 */
    avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->yaw);
    avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->pitch);
    avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->roll);

    switch (spherical_mapping->projection) {
    case AV_SPHERICAL_EQUIRECTANGULAR:
    case AV_SPHERICAL_EQUIRECTANGULAR_TILE:
        avio_wb32(pb, 28);    /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "equi");
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version = 0 & flags = 0 */
        avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->bound_top);
        avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->bound_bottom);
        avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->bound_left);
        avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->bound_right);
        break;
    case AV_SPHERICAL_CUBEMAP:
        avio_wb32(pb, 20);    /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "cbmp");
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version = 0 & flags = 0 */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* layout */
        avio_wb32(pb, spherical_mapping->padding); /* padding */
        break;
    }
    update_size(pb, proj_pos);

    return update_size(pb, sv3d_pos);
}

static int mov_write_dvcc_dvvc_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, AVDOVIDecoderConfigurationRecord *dovi)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 32); /* size = 8 + 24 */
    if (dovi->dv_profile > 7)
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dvvC");
    else
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dvcC");
    avio_w8(pb, dovi->dv_version_major);
    avio_w8(pb, dovi->dv_version_minor);
    avio_wb16(pb, (dovi->dv_profile << 9) | (dovi->dv_level << 3) |
              (dovi->rpu_present_flag << 2) | (dovi->el_present_flag << 1) |
              dovi->bl_present_flag);
    avio_wb32(pb, (dovi->dv_bl_signal_compatibility_id << 28) | 0);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "DOVI in %s box, version: %d.%d, profile: %d, level: %d, "
           "rpu flag: %d, el flag: %d, bl flag: %d, compatibility id: %d\n",
           dovi->dv_profile > 7 ? "dvvC" : "dvcC",
           dovi->dv_version_major, dovi->dv_version_minor,
           dovi->dv_profile, dovi->dv_level,
           dovi->rpu_present_flag,
           dovi->el_present_flag,
           dovi->bl_present_flag,
           dovi->dv_bl_signal_compatibility_id);
    return 32; /* 8 + 24 */
}

static int mov_write_clap_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 40);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "clap");
    avio_wb32(pb, track->par->width); /* apertureWidth_N */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* apertureWidth_D (= 1) */
    avio_wb32(pb, track->height); /* apertureHeight_N */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* apertureHeight_D (= 1) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* horizOff_N (= 0) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* horizOff_D (= 1) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* vertOff_N (= 0) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* vertOff_D (= 1) */
    return 40;
}

static int mov_write_pasp_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    AVRational sar;
    av_reduce(&sar.num, &sar.den, track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.num,
              track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.den, INT_MAX);

    avio_wb32(pb, 16);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "pasp");
    avio_wb32(pb, sar.num);
    avio_wb32(pb, sar.den);
    return 16;
}

static int mov_write_gama_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track, double gamma)
{
    uint32_t gama = 0;
    if (gamma <= 0.0) {
        gamma = avpriv_get_gamma_from_trc(track->par->color_trc);
    }
    av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "gamma value %g\n", gamma);

    if (gamma > 1e-6) {
        gama = (uint32_t)lrint((double)(1<<16) * gamma);
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "writing gama value %"PRId32"\n", gama);

        av_assert0(track->mode == MODE_MOV);
        avio_wb32(pb, 12);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "gama");
        avio_wb32(pb, gama);
        return 12;
    } else {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "gamma value unknown, unable to write gama atom\n");
    }
    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_colr_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track, int prefer_icc)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    // Ref (MOV): https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/technotes/tn2162/_index.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/DTS40013070-CH1-TNTAG9
    // Ref (MP4): ISO/IEC 14496-12:2012

    const uint8_t *icc_profile;
    int icc_profile_size;

    if (prefer_icc) {
        icc_profile = av_stream_get_side_data(track->st, AV_PKT_DATA_ICC_PROFILE, &icc_profile_size);

        if (icc_profile) {
            avio_wb32(pb, 12 + icc_profile_size);
            ffio_wfourcc(pb, "colr");
            ffio_wfourcc(pb, "prof");
            avio_write(pb, icc_profile, icc_profile_size);
            return 12 + icc_profile_size;
        }
        else {
            av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_INFO, "no ICC profile found, will write nclx/nclc colour info instead\n");
        }
    }

    /* We should only ever be called by MOV or MP4. */
    av_assert0(track->mode == MODE_MOV || track->mode == MODE_MP4);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "colr");
    if (track->mode == MODE_MP4)
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "nclx");
    else
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "nclc");
    // Do not try to guess the color info if it is AVCOL_PRI_UNSPECIFIED.
    // e.g., Dolby Vision for Apple devices should be set to AVCOL_PRI_UNSPECIFIED. See
    // https://developer.apple.com/av-foundation/High-Dynamic-Range-Metadata-for-Apple-Devices.pdf
    avio_wb16(pb, track->par->color_primaries);
    avio_wb16(pb, track->par->color_trc);
    avio_wb16(pb, track->par->color_space);
    if (track->mode == MODE_MP4) {
        int full_range = track->par->color_range == AVCOL_RANGE_JPEG;
        avio_w8(pb, full_range << 7);
    }

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_clli_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    const uint8_t *side_data;
    const AVContentLightMetadata *content_light_metadata;

    side_data = av_stream_get_side_data(track->st, AV_PKT_DATA_CONTENT_LIGHT_LEVEL, NULL);
    if (!side_data) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Not writing 'clli' atom. No content light level info.\n");
        return 0;
    }
    content_light_metadata = (const AVContentLightMetadata*)side_data;

    avio_wb32(pb, 12); // size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "clli");
    avio_wb16(pb, content_light_metadata->MaxCLL);
    avio_wb16(pb, content_light_metadata->MaxFALL);
    return 12;
}

static inline int64_t rescale_mdcv(AVRational q, int b)
{
    return av_rescale(q.num, b, q.den);
}

static int mov_write_mdcv_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    const int chroma_den = 50000;
    const int luma_den = 10000;
    const uint8_t *side_data;
    const AVMasteringDisplayMetadata *metadata;

    side_data = av_stream_get_side_data(track->st, AV_PKT_DATA_MASTERING_DISPLAY_METADATA, NULL);
    metadata = (const AVMasteringDisplayMetadata*)side_data;
    if (!metadata || !metadata->has_primaries || !metadata->has_luminance) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Not writing 'mdcv' atom. Missing mastering metadata.\n");
        return 0;
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 32); // size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mdcv");
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->display_primaries[1][0], chroma_den));
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->display_primaries[1][1], chroma_den));
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->display_primaries[2][0], chroma_den));
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->display_primaries[2][1], chroma_den));
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->display_primaries[0][0], chroma_den));
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->display_primaries[0][1], chroma_den));
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->white_point[0], chroma_den));
    avio_wb16(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->white_point[1], chroma_den));
    avio_wb32(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->max_luminance, luma_den));
    avio_wb32(pb, rescale_mdcv(metadata->min_luminance, luma_den));
    return 32;
}

static void find_compressor(char * compressor_name, int len, MOVTrack *track)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *encoder;
    int xdcam_res =  (track->par->width == 1280 && track->par->height == 720)
                  || (track->par->width == 1440 && track->par->height == 1080)
                  || (track->par->width == 1920 && track->par->height == 1080);

    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV &&
        (encoder = av_dict_get(track->st->metadata, "encoder", NULL, 0))) {
        av_strlcpy(compressor_name, encoder->value, 32);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG2VIDEO && xdcam_res) {
        int interlaced = track->par->field_order > AV_FIELD_PROGRESSIVE;
        AVStream *st = track->st;
        int rate = defined_frame_rate(NULL, st);
        av_strlcatf(compressor_name, len, "XDCAM");
        if (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV422P) {
            av_strlcatf(compressor_name, len, " HD422");
        } else if(track->par->width == 1440) {
            av_strlcatf(compressor_name, len, " HD");
        } else
            av_strlcatf(compressor_name, len, " EX");

        av_strlcatf(compressor_name, len, " %d%c", track->par->height, interlaced ? 'i' : 'p');

        av_strlcatf(compressor_name, len, "%d", rate * (interlaced + 1));
    }
}

static int mov_write_video_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int ret = AVERROR_BUG;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    char compressor_name[32] = { 0 };
    int avid = 0;

    int uncompressed_ycbcr = ((track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO && track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_UYVY422)
                           || (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO && track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_YUYV422)
                           ||  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_V308
                           ||  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_V408
                           ||  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_V410
                           ||  track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_V210);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    if (mov->encryption_scheme != MOV_ENC_NONE) {
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "encv");
    } else {
        avio_wl32(pb, track->tag); // store it byteswapped
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* Data-reference index */

    if (uncompressed_ycbcr) {
        avio_wb16(pb, 2); /* Codec stream version */
    } else {
        avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Codec stream version */
    }
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Codec stream revision (=0) */
    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) {
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "FFMP"); /* Vendor */
        if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_RAWVIDEO || uncompressed_ycbcr) {
            avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Temporal Quality */
            avio_wb32(pb, 0x400); /* Spatial Quality = lossless*/
        } else {
            avio_wb32(pb, 0x200); /* Temporal Quality = normal */
            avio_wb32(pb, 0x200); /* Spatial Quality = normal */
        }
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    }
    avio_wb16(pb, track->par->width); /* Video width */
    avio_wb16(pb, track->height); /* Video height */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00480000); /* Horizontal resolution 72dpi */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00480000); /* Vertical resolution 72dpi */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Data size (= 0) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* Frame count (= 1) */

    /* FIXME not sure, ISO 14496-1 draft where it shall be set to 0 */
    find_compressor(compressor_name, 32, track);
    avio_w8(pb, strlen(compressor_name));
    avio_write(pb, compressor_name, 31);

    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV &&
       (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_V410 || track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_V210))
        avio_wb16(pb, 0x18);
    else if (track->mode == MODE_MOV && track->par->bits_per_coded_sample)
        avio_wb16(pb, track->par->bits_per_coded_sample |
                  (track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_GRAY8 ? 0x20 : 0));
    else
        avio_wb16(pb, 0x18); /* Reserved */

    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV && track->par->format == AV_PIX_FMT_PAL8) {
        int pal_size = 1 << track->par->bits_per_coded_sample;
        int i;
        avio_wb16(pb, 0);             /* Color table ID */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);             /* Color table seed */
        avio_wb16(pb, 0x8000);        /* Color table flags */
        avio_wb16(pb, pal_size - 1);  /* Color table size (zero-relative) */
        for (i = 0; i < pal_size; i++) {
            uint32_t rgb = track->palette[i];
            uint16_t r = (rgb >> 16) & 0xff;
            uint16_t g = (rgb >> 8)  & 0xff;
            uint16_t b = rgb         & 0xff;
            avio_wb16(pb, 0);
            avio_wb16(pb, (r << 8) | r);
            avio_wb16(pb, (g << 8) | g);
            avio_wb16(pb, (b << 8) | b);
        }
    } else
        avio_wb16(pb, 0xffff); /* Reserved */

    if (track->tag == MKTAG('m','p','4','v'))
        mov_write_esds_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H263)
        mov_write_d263_tag(pb);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AVUI ||
            track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_SVQ3) {
        mov_write_extradata_tag(pb, track);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_DNXHD) {
        mov_write_avid_tag(pb, track);
        avid = 1;
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_HEVC)
        mov_write_hvcc_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264 && !TAG_IS_AVCI(track->tag)) {
        mov_write_avcc_tag(pb, track);
        if (track->mode == MODE_IPOD)
            mov_write_uuid_tag_ipod(pb);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP9) {
        mov_write_vpcc_tag(mov->fc, pb, track);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AV1) {
        mov_write_av1c_tag(pb, track);
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1 && track->vos_len > 0)
        mov_write_dvc1_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP6F ||
             track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VP6A) {
        /* Don't write any potential extradata here - the cropping
         * is signalled via the normal width/height fields. */
    } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_R10K) {
        if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('R','1','0','k'))
            mov_write_dpxe_tag(pb, track);
    } else if (track->vos_len > 0)
        mov_write_glbl_tag(pb, track);

    if (track->par->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_H264 &&
        track->par->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_MPEG4 &&
        track->par->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_DNXHD) {
        int field_order = track->par->field_order;

#if FF_API_LAVF_AVCTX
    FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
    if (field_order != track->st->codec->field_order && track->st->codec->field_order != AV_FIELD_UNKNOWN)
        field_order = track->st->codec->field_order;
    FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#endif

        if (field_order != AV_FIELD_UNKNOWN)
            mov_write_fiel_tag(pb, track, field_order);
    }

    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_WRITE_GAMA) {
        if (track->mode == MODE_MOV)
            mov_write_gama_tag(s, pb, track, mov->gamma);
        else
            av_log(mov->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Not writing 'gama' atom. Format is not MOV.\n");
    }
    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV || track->mode == MODE_MP4) {
        int has_color_info = track->par->color_primaries != AVCOL_PRI_UNSPECIFIED &&
                             track->par->color_trc != AVCOL_TRC_UNSPECIFIED &&
                             track->par->color_space != AVCOL_SPC_UNSPECIFIED;
        if (has_color_info || mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_WRITE_COLR ||
            av_stream_get_side_data(track->st, AV_PKT_DATA_ICC_PROFILE, NULL)) {
            int prefer_icc = mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_PREFER_ICC || !has_color_info;
            mov_write_colr_tag(pb, track, prefer_icc);
        } else if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_WRITE_COLR) {
             av_log(mov->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Not writing 'colr' atom. Format is not MOV or MP4.\n");
        }
    }
    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV || track->mode == MODE_MP4) {
        mov_write_clli_tag(pb, track);
        mov_write_mdcv_tag(pb, track);
    }

    if (track->mode == MODE_MP4 && mov->fc->strict_std_compliance <= FF_COMPLIANCE_UNOFFICIAL) {
        AVStereo3D* stereo_3d = (AVStereo3D*) av_stream_get_side_data(track->st, AV_PKT_DATA_STEREO3D, NULL);
        AVSphericalMapping* spherical_mapping = (AVSphericalMapping*)av_stream_get_side_data(track->st, AV_PKT_DATA_SPHERICAL, NULL);
        AVDOVIDecoderConfigurationRecord *dovi = (AVDOVIDecoderConfigurationRecord *)
                                                 av_stream_get_side_data(track->st, AV_PKT_DATA_DOVI_CONF, NULL);;

        if (stereo_3d)
            mov_write_st3d_tag(s, pb, stereo_3d);
        if (spherical_mapping)
            mov_write_sv3d_tag(mov->fc, pb, spherical_mapping);
        if (dovi)
            mov_write_dvcc_dvvc_tag(s, pb, dovi);
    }

    if (track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.den && track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.num) {
        mov_write_pasp_tag(pb, track);
    }

    if (uncompressed_ycbcr){
        mov_write_clap_tag(pb, track);
    }

    if (mov->encryption_scheme != MOV_ENC_NONE) {
        ff_mov_cenc_write_sinf_tag(track, pb, mov->encryption_kid);
    }

    if (track->mode == MODE_MP4 &&
            ((ret = mov_write_btrt_tag(pb, track)) < 0))
        return ret;

    /* extra padding for avid stsd */
    /* https://developer.apple.com/library/mac/documentation/QuickTime/QTFF/QTFFChap2/qtff2.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40000939-CH204-61112 */
    if (avid)
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_rtp_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "rtp ");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* Data-reference index */

    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* Hint track version */
    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* Highest compatible version */
    avio_wb32(pb, track->max_packet_size); /* Max packet size */

    avio_wb32(pb, 12); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tims");
    avio_wb32(pb, track->timescale);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_source_reference_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track, const char *reel_name)
{
    uint64_t str_size =strlen(reel_name);
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    if (str_size >= UINT16_MAX){
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "reel_name length %"PRIu64" is too large\n", str_size);
        avio_wb16(pb, 0);
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);                              /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "name");                      /* Data format */
    avio_wb16(pb, str_size);                       /* string size */
    avio_wb16(pb, track->language);                /* langcode */
    avio_write(pb, reel_name, str_size);           /* reel name */
    return update_size(pb,pos);
}

static int mov_write_tmcd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
#if 1
    int frame_duration;
    int nb_frames;
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = NULL;

    if (!track->st->avg_frame_rate.num || !track->st->avg_frame_rate.den) {
#if FF_API_LAVF_AVCTX
    FF_DISABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
        frame_duration = av_rescale(track->timescale, track->st->codec->time_base.num, track->st->codec->time_base.den);
        nb_frames      = ROUNDED_DIV(track->st->codec->time_base.den, track->st->codec->time_base.num);
    FF_ENABLE_DEPRECATION_WARNINGS
#else
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "avg_frame_rate not set for tmcd track.\n");
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
#endif
    } else {
        frame_duration = av_rescale(track->timescale, track->st->avg_frame_rate.num, track->st->avg_frame_rate.den);
        nb_frames      = ROUNDED_DIV(track->st->avg_frame_rate.den, track->st->avg_frame_rate.num);
    }

    if (nb_frames > 255) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR, "fps %d is too large\n", nb_frames);
        return AVERROR(EINVAL);
    }

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tmcd");               /* Data format */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);                       /* Reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1);                       /* Data reference index */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);                       /* Flags */
    avio_wb32(pb, track->timecode_flags);   /* Flags (timecode) */
    avio_wb32(pb, track->timescale);        /* Timescale */
    avio_wb32(pb, frame_duration);          /* Frame duration */
    avio_w8(pb, nb_frames);                 /* Number of frames */
    avio_w8(pb, 0);                         /* Reserved */

    t = av_dict_get(track->st->metadata, "reel_name", NULL, 0);
    if (t && utf8len(t->value) && track->mode != MODE_MP4)
        mov_write_source_reference_tag(pb, track, t->value);
    else
        avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* zero size */
#else

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tmcd");               /* Data format */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);                       /* Reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1);                       /* Data reference index */
    if (track->par->extradata_size)
        avio_write(pb, track->par->extradata, track->par->extradata_size);
#endif
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_gpmd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, const MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "gpmd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 1); /* Data-reference index */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Reserved */
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_stsd_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int ret = 0;
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "stsd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version & flags */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* entry count */
    if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
        ret = mov_write_video_tag(s, pb, mov, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
        ret = mov_write_audio_tag(s, pb, mov, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE)
        ret = mov_write_subtitle_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('r','t','p',' '))
        ret = mov_write_rtp_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('t','m','c','d'))
        ret = mov_write_tmcd_tag(pb, track);
    else if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('g','p','m','d'))
        ret = mov_write_gpmd_tag(pb, track);

    if (ret < 0)
        return ret;

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_ctts_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    MOVMuxContext *mov = s->priv_data;
    MOVStts *ctts_entries;
    uint32_t entries = 0;
    uint32_t atom_size;
    int i;

    ctts_entries = av_malloc_array((track->entry + 1), sizeof(*ctts_entries)); /* worst case */
    if (!ctts_entries)
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
    ctts_entries[0].count = 1;
    ctts_entries[0].duration = track->cluster[0].cts;
    for (i = 1; i < track->entry; i++) {
        if (track->cluster[i].cts == ctts_entries[entries].duration) {
            ctts_entries[entries].count++; /* compress */
        } else {
            entries++;
            ctts_entries[entries].duration = track->cluster[i].cts;
            ctts_entries[entries].count = 1;
        }
    }
    entries++; /* last one */
    atom_size = 16 + (entries * 8);
    avio_wb32(pb, atom_size); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ctts");
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_NEGATIVE_CTS_OFFSETS)
        avio_w8(pb, 1); /* version */
    else
        avio_w8(pb, 0); /* version */
    avio_wb24(pb, 0); /* flags */
    avio_wb32(pb, entries); /* entry count */
    for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
        avio_wb32(pb, ctts_entries[i].count);
        avio_wb32(pb, ctts_entries[i].duration);
    }
    av_free(ctts_entries);
    return atom_size;
}

/* Time to sample atom */
static int mov_write_stts_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    MOVStts *stts_entries = NULL;
    uint32_t entries = -1;
    uint32_t atom_size;
    int i;

    if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO && !track->audio_vbr) {
        stts_entries = av_malloc(sizeof(*stts_entries)); /* one entry */
        if (!stts_entries)
            return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        stts_entries[0].count = track->sample_count;
        stts_entries[0].duration = 1;
        entries = 1;
    } else {
        if (track->entry) {
            stts_entries = av_malloc_array(track->entry, sizeof(*stts_entries)); /* worst case */
            if (!stts_entries)
                return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
            int duration = get_cluster_duration(track, i);
            if (i && duration == stts_entries[entries].duration) {
                stts_entries[entries].count++; /* compress */
            } else {
                entries++;
                stts_entries[entries].duration = duration;
                stts_entries[entries].count = 1;
            }
        }
        entries++; /* last one */
    }
    atom_size = 16 + (entries * 8);
    avio_wb32(pb, atom_size); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "stts");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version & flags */
    avio_wb32(pb, entries); /* entry count */
    for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
        avio_wb32(pb, stts_entries[i].count);
        avio_wb32(pb, stts_entries[i].duration);
    }
    av_free(stts_entries);
    return atom_size;
}

static int mov_write_dref_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 28); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dref");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version & flags */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* entry count */

    avio_wb32(pb, 0xc); /* size */
    //FIXME add the alis and rsrc atom
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "url ");
    avio_wb32(pb, 1); /* version & flags */

    return 28;
}

static int mov_preroll_write_stbl_atoms(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    struct sgpd_entry {
        int count;
        int16_t roll_distance;
        int group_description_index;
    };

    struct sgpd_entry *sgpd_entries = NULL;
    int entries = -1;
    int group = 0;
    int i, j;

    const int OPUS_SEEK_PREROLL_MS = 80;
    int roll_samples = av_rescale_q(OPUS_SEEK_PREROLL_MS,
                                    (AVRational){1, 1000},
                                    (AVRational){1, 48000});

    if (!track->entry)
        return 0;

    sgpd_entries = av_malloc_array(track->entry, sizeof(*sgpd_entries));
    if (!sgpd_entries)
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    av_assert0(track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS || track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC);

    if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS) {
        for (i = 0; i < track->entry; i++) {
            int roll_samples_remaining = roll_samples;
            int distance = 0;
            for (j = i - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
                roll_samples_remaining -= get_cluster_duration(track, j);
                distance++;
                if (roll_samples_remaining <= 0)
                    break;
            }
            /* We don't have enough preceeding samples to compute a valid
               roll_distance here, so this sample can't be independently
               decoded. */
            if (roll_samples_remaining > 0)
                distance = 0;
            /* Verify distance is a maximum of 32 (2.5ms) packets. */
            if (distance > 32)
                return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
            if (i && distance == sgpd_entries[entries].roll_distance) {
                sgpd_entries[entries].count++;
            } else {
                entries++;
                sgpd_entries[entries].count = 1;
                sgpd_entries[entries].roll_distance = distance;
                sgpd_entries[entries].group_description_index = distance ? ++group : 0;
            }
        }
    } else {
        entries++;
        sgpd_entries[entries].count = track->sample_count;
        sgpd_entries[entries].roll_distance = 1;
        sgpd_entries[entries].group_description_index = ++group;
    }
    entries++;

    if (!group) {
        av_free(sgpd_entries);
        return 0;
    }

    /* Write sgpd tag */
    avio_wb32(pb, 24 + (group * 2)); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "sgpd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 1 << 24); /* fullbox */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "roll");
    avio_wb32(pb, 2); /* default_length */
    avio_wb32(pb, group); /* entry_count */
    for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
        if (sgpd_entries[i].group_description_index) {
            avio_wb16(pb, -sgpd_entries[i].roll_distance); /* roll_distance */
        }
    }

    /* Write sbgp tag */
    avio_wb32(pb, 20 + (entries * 8)); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "sbgp");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* fullbox */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "roll");
    avio_wb32(pb, entries); /* entry_count */
    for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
        avio_wb32(pb, sgpd_entries[i].count); /* sample_count */
        avio_wb32(pb, sgpd_entries[i].group_description_index); /* group_description_index */
    }

    av_free(sgpd_entries);
    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_stbl_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int ret = 0;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "stbl");
    if ((ret = mov_write_stsd_tag(s, pb, mov, track)) < 0)
        return ret;
    mov_write_stts_tag(pb, track);
    if ((track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_TRUEHD ||
         track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_MPEGH_3D_AUDIO ||
         track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('r','t','p',' ')) &&
        track->has_keyframes && track->has_keyframes < track->entry)
        mov_write_stss_tag(pb, track, MOV_SYNC_SAMPLE);
    if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && track->has_disposable)
        mov_write_sdtp_tag(pb, track);
    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV && track->flags & MOV_TRACK_STPS)
        mov_write_stss_tag(pb, track, MOV_PARTIAL_SYNC_SAMPLE);
    if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO &&
        track->flags & MOV_TRACK_CTTS && track->entry) {

        if ((ret = mov_write_ctts_tag(s, pb, track)) < 0)
            return ret;
    }
    mov_write_stsc_tag(pb, track);
    mov_write_stsz_tag(pb, track);
    mov_write_stco_tag(pb, track);
    if (track->cenc.aes_ctr) {
        ff_mov_cenc_write_stbl_atoms(&track->cenc, pb);
    }
    if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_OPUS || track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
        mov_preroll_write_stbl_atoms(pb, track);
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_dinf_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "dinf");
    mov_write_dref_tag(pb);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_nmhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 12);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "nmhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    return 12;
}

static int mov_write_tcmi_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    const char *font = "Lucida Grande";
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);                   /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tcmi");           /* timecode media information atom */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);                   /* version & flags */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0);                   /* text font */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0);                   /* text face */
    avio_wb16(pb, 12);                  /* text size */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0);                   /* (unknown, not in the QT specs...) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x0000);              /* text color (red) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x0000);              /* text color (green) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x0000);              /* text color (blue) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0xffff);              /* background color (red) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0xffff);              /* background color (green) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0xffff);              /* background color (blue) */
    avio_w8(pb, strlen(font));          /* font len (part of the pascal string) */
    avio_write(pb, font, strlen(font)); /* font name */
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_gmhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);      /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "gmhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x18);   /* gmin size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "gmin");/* generic media info */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);      /* version & flags */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x40);   /* graphics mode = */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x8000); /* opColor (r?) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x8000); /* opColor (g?) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x8000); /* opColor (b?) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0);      /* balance */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0);      /* reserved */

    /*
     * This special text atom is required for
     * Apple Quicktime chapters. The contents
     * don't appear to be documented, so the
     * bytes are copied verbatim.
     */
    if (track->tag != MKTAG('c','6','0','8')) {
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x2C);   /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "text");
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x01);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x01);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00004000);
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x0000);
    }

    if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('t','m','c','d')) {
        int64_t tmcd_pos = avio_tell(pb);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tmcd");
        mov_write_tcmi_tag(pb, track);
        update_size(pb, tmcd_pos);
    } else if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('g','p','m','d')) {
        int64_t gpmd_pos = avio_tell(pb);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "gpmd");
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version */
        update_size(pb, gpmd_pos);
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_smhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 16); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "smhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version & flags */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* reserved (balance, normally = 0) */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    return 16;
}

static int mov_write_vmhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x14); /* size (always 0x14) */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "vmhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x01); /* version & flags */
    avio_wb64(pb, 0); /* reserved (graphics mode = copy) */
    return 0x14;
}

static int is_clcp_track(MOVTrack *track)
{
    return track->tag == MKTAG('c','7','0','8') ||
           track->tag == MKTAG('c','6','0','8');
}

static int mov_write_hdlr_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    MOVMuxContext *mov = s->priv_data;
    const char *hdlr, *descr = NULL, *hdlr_type = NULL;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    hdlr      = "dhlr";
    hdlr_type = "url ";
    descr     = "DataHandler";

    if (track) {
        hdlr = (track->mode == MODE_MOV) ? "mhlr" : "\0\0\0\0";
        if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            hdlr_type = "vide";
            descr     = "VideoHandler";
        } else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
            hdlr_type = "soun";
            descr     = "SoundHandler";
        } else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE) {
            if (is_clcp_track(track)) {
                hdlr_type = "clcp";
                descr = "ClosedCaptionHandler";
            } else {
                if (track->tag == MKTAG('t','x','3','g')) {
                    hdlr_type = "sbtl";
                } else if (track->tag == MKTAG('m','p','4','s')) {
                    hdlr_type = "subp";
                } else {
                    hdlr_type = "text";
                }
                descr = "SubtitleHandler";
            }
        } else if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('r','t','p',' ')) {
            hdlr_type = "hint";
            descr     = "HintHandler";
        } else if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('t','m','c','d')) {
            hdlr_type = "tmcd";
            descr = "TimeCodeHandler";
        } else if (track->par->codec_tag == MKTAG('g','p','m','d')) {
            hdlr_type = "meta";
            descr = "GoPro MET"; // GoPro Metadata
        } else {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Unknown hldr_type for %s, writing dummy values\n",
                   av_fourcc2str(track->par->codec_tag));
        }
        if (track->st) {
            // hdlr.name is used by some players to identify the content title
            // of the track. So if an alternate handler description is
            // specified, use it.
            AVDictionaryEntry *t;
            t = av_dict_get(track->st->metadata, "handler_name", NULL, 0);
            if (t && utf8len(t->value))
                descr = t->value;
        }
    }

    if (mov->empty_hdlr_name) /* expressly allowed by QTFF and not prohibited in ISO 14496-12 8.4.3.3 */
        descr = "";

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "hdlr");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* Version & flags */
    avio_write(pb, hdlr, 4); /* handler */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, hdlr_type); /* handler type */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    if (!track || track->mode == MODE_MOV)
        avio_w8(pb, strlen(descr)); /* pascal string */
    avio_write(pb, descr, strlen(descr)); /* handler description */
    if (track && track->mode != MODE_MOV)
        avio_w8(pb, 0); /* c string */
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_hmhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb)
{
    /* This atom must be present, but leaving the values at zero
     * seems harmless. */
    avio_wb32(pb, 28); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "hmhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* version, flags */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* maxPDUsize */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* avgPDUsize */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* maxbitrate */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* avgbitrate */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    return 28;
}

static int mov_write_minf_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int ret;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "minf");
    if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO)
        mov_write_vmhd_tag(pb);
    else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
        mov_write_smhd_tag(pb);
    else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE) {
        if (track->tag == MKTAG('t','e','x','t') || is_clcp_track(track)) {
            mov_write_gmhd_tag(pb, track);
        } else {
            mov_write_nmhd_tag(pb);
        }
    } else if (track->tag == MKTAG('r','t','p',' ')) {
        mov_write_hmhd_tag(pb);
    } else if (track->tag == MKTAG('t','m','c','d')) {
        if (track->mode != MODE_MOV)
            mov_write_nmhd_tag(pb);
        else
            mov_write_gmhd_tag(pb, track);
    } else if (track->tag == MKTAG('g','p','m','d')) {
        mov_write_gmhd_tag(pb, track);
    }
    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) /* ISO 14496-12 8.4.3.1 specifies hdlr only within mdia or meta boxes */
        mov_write_hdlr_tag(s, pb, NULL);
    mov_write_dinf_tag(pb);
    if ((ret = mov_write_stbl_tag(s, pb, mov, track)) < 0)
        return ret;
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int64_t calc_pts_duration(MOVMuxContext *mov, MOVTrack *track)
{
    if (track->tag == MKTAG('t','m','c','d') && mov->nb_meta_tmcd) {
        // tmcd tracks gets track_duration set in mov_write_moov_tag from
        // another track's duration, while the end_pts may be left at zero.
        // Calculate the pts duration for that track instead.
        return av_rescale(calc_pts_duration(mov, &mov->tracks[track->src_track]),
                          track->timescale, mov->tracks[track->src_track].timescale);
    }
    if (track->end_pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
        track->start_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE &&
        track->start_cts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        return track->end_pts - (track->start_dts + track->start_cts);
    }
    return track->track_duration;
}

static int mov_write_mdhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t duration = calc_pts_duration(mov, track);
    int version = duration < INT32_MAX ? 0 : 1;

    if (track->mode == MODE_ISM)
        version = 1;

    (version == 1) ? avio_wb32(pb, 44) : avio_wb32(pb, 32); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mdhd");
    avio_w8(pb, version);
    avio_wb24(pb, 0); /* flags */
    if (version == 1) {
        avio_wb64(pb, track->time);
        avio_wb64(pb, track->time);
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, track->time); /* creation time */
        avio_wb32(pb, track->time); /* modification time */
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, track->timescale); /* time scale (sample rate for audio) */
    if (!track->entry && mov->mode == MODE_ISM)
        (version == 1) ? avio_wb64(pb, UINT64_C(0xffffffffffffffff)) : avio_wb32(pb, 0xffffffff);
    else if (!track->entry)
        (version == 1) ? avio_wb64(pb, 0) : avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    else
        (version == 1) ? avio_wb64(pb, duration) : avio_wb32(pb, duration); /* duration */
    avio_wb16(pb, track->language); /* language */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* reserved (quality) */

    if (version != 0 && track->mode == MODE_MOV) {
        av_log(NULL, AV_LOG_ERROR,
               "FATAL error, file duration too long for timebase, this file will not be\n"
               "playable with QuickTime. Choose a different timebase with "
               "-video_track_timescale or a different container format\n");
    }

    return 32;
}

static int mov_write_mdia_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb,
                              MOVMuxContext *mov, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int ret;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mdia");
    mov_write_mdhd_tag(pb, mov, track);
    mov_write_hdlr_tag(s, pb, track);
    if ((ret = mov_write_minf_tag(s, pb, mov, track)) < 0)
        return ret;
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* transformation matrix
     |a  b  u|
     |c  d  v|
     |tx ty w| */
static void write_matrix(AVIOContext *pb, int16_t a, int16_t b, int16_t c,
                         int16_t d, int16_t tx, int16_t ty)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, a << 16);  /* 16.16 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, b << 16);  /* 16.16 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);        /* u in 2.30 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, c << 16);  /* 16.16 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, d << 16);  /* 16.16 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);        /* v in 2.30 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, tx << 16); /* 16.16 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, ty << 16); /* 16.16 format */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1 << 30);  /* w in 2.30 format */
}

static int mov_write_tkhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              MOVTrack *track, AVStream *st)
{
    int64_t duration = av_rescale_rnd(calc_pts_duration(mov, track),
                                      MOV_TIMESCALE, track->timescale,
                                      AV_ROUND_UP);
    int version = duration < INT32_MAX ? 0 : 1;
    int flags   = MOV_TKHD_FLAG_IN_MOVIE;
    int rotation = 0;
    int group   = 0;

    uint32_t *display_matrix = NULL;
    int      display_matrix_size, i;

    if (st) {
        if (mov->per_stream_grouping)
            group = st->index;
        else
            group = st->codecpar->codec_type;

        display_matrix = (uint32_t*)av_stream_get_side_data(st, AV_PKT_DATA_DISPLAYMATRIX,
                                                            &display_matrix_size);
        if (display_matrix && display_matrix_size < 9 * sizeof(*display_matrix))
            display_matrix = NULL;
    }

    if (track->flags & MOV_TRACK_ENABLED)
        flags |= MOV_TKHD_FLAG_ENABLED;

    if (track->mode == MODE_ISM)
        version = 1;

    (version == 1) ? avio_wb32(pb, 104) : avio_wb32(pb, 92); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tkhd");
    avio_w8(pb, version);
    avio_wb24(pb, flags);
    if (version == 1) {
        avio_wb64(pb, track->time);
        avio_wb64(pb, track->time);
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, track->time); /* creation time */
        avio_wb32(pb, track->time); /* modification time */
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, track->track_id); /* track-id */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    if (!track->entry && mov->mode == MODE_ISM)
        (version == 1) ? avio_wb64(pb, UINT64_C(0xffffffffffffffff)) : avio_wb32(pb, 0xffffffff);
    else if (!track->entry)
        (version == 1) ? avio_wb64(pb, 0) : avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    else
        (version == 1) ? avio_wb64(pb, duration) : avio_wb32(pb, duration);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* layer */
    avio_wb16(pb, group); /* alternate group) */
    /* Volume, only for audio */
    if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO)
        avio_wb16(pb, 0x0100);
    else
        avio_wb16(pb, 0);
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* reserved */

    /* Matrix structure */
#if FF_API_OLD_ROTATE_API
    if (st && st->metadata) {
        AVDictionaryEntry *rot = av_dict_get(st->metadata, "rotate", NULL, 0);
        rotation = (rot && rot->value) ? atoi(rot->value) : 0;
    }
#endif
    if (display_matrix) {
        for (i = 0; i < 9; i++)
            avio_wb32(pb, display_matrix[i]);
#if FF_API_OLD_ROTATE_API
    } else if (rotation == 90) {
        write_matrix(pb,  0,  1, -1,  0, track->par->height, 0);
    } else if (rotation == 180) {
        write_matrix(pb, -1,  0,  0, -1, track->par->width, track->par->height);
    } else if (rotation == 270) {
        write_matrix(pb,  0, -1,  1,  0, 0, track->par->width);
#endif
    } else {
        write_matrix(pb,  1,  0,  0,  1, 0, 0);
    }
    /* Track width and height, for visual only */
    if (st && (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO ||
               track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_SUBTITLE)) {
        int64_t track_width_1616;
        if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) {
            track_width_1616 = track->par->width * 0x10000ULL;
        } else {
            track_width_1616 = av_rescale(st->sample_aspect_ratio.num,
                                                  track->par->width * 0x10000LL,
                                                  st->sample_aspect_ratio.den);
            if (!track_width_1616 ||
                track->height != track->par->height ||
                track_width_1616 > UINT32_MAX)
                track_width_1616 = track->par->width * 0x10000ULL;
        }
        if (track_width_1616 > UINT32_MAX) {
            av_log(mov->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING, "track width is too large\n");
            track_width_1616 = 0;
        }
        avio_wb32(pb, track_width_1616);
        if (track->height > 0xFFFF) {
            av_log(mov->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING, "track height is too large\n");
            avio_wb32(pb, 0);
        } else
            avio_wb32(pb, track->height * 0x10000U);
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    }
    return 0x5c;
}

static int mov_write_tapt_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    int32_t width = av_rescale(track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.num, track->par->width,
                               track->par->sample_aspect_ratio.den);

    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tapt");

    avio_wb32(pb, 20);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "clef");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, width << 16);
    avio_wb32(pb, track->par->height << 16);

    avio_wb32(pb, 20);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "prof");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, width << 16);
    avio_wb32(pb, track->par->height << 16);

    avio_wb32(pb, 20);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "enof");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, track->par->width << 16);
    avio_wb32(pb, track->par->height << 16);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

// This box seems important for the psp playback ... without it the movie seems to hang
static int mov_write_edts_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              MOVTrack *track)
{
    int64_t duration = av_rescale_rnd(calc_pts_duration(mov, track),
                                      MOV_TIMESCALE, track->timescale,
                                      AV_ROUND_UP);
    int version = duration < INT32_MAX ? 0 : 1;
    int entry_size, entry_count, size;
    int64_t delay, start_ct = track->start_cts;
    int64_t start_dts = track->start_dts;

    if (track->entry) {
        if (start_dts != track->cluster[0].dts || start_ct != track->cluster[0].cts) {

            av_log(mov->fc, AV_LOG_DEBUG,
                   "EDTS using dts:%"PRId64" cts:%d instead of dts:%"PRId64" cts:%"PRId64" tid:%d\n",
                   track->cluster[0].dts, track->cluster[0].cts,
                   start_dts, start_ct, track->track_id);
            start_dts = track->cluster[0].dts;
            start_ct  = track->cluster[0].cts;
        }
    }

    delay = av_rescale_rnd(start_dts + start_ct, MOV_TIMESCALE,
                           track->timescale, AV_ROUND_DOWN);
    version |= delay < INT32_MAX ? 0 : 1;

    entry_size = (version == 1) ? 20 : 12;
    entry_count = 1 + (delay > 0);
    size = 24 + entry_count * entry_size;

    /* write the atom data */
    avio_wb32(pb, size);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "edts");
    avio_wb32(pb, size - 8);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "elst");
    avio_w8(pb, version);
    avio_wb24(pb, 0); /* flags */

    avio_wb32(pb, entry_count);
    if (delay > 0) { /* add an empty edit to delay presentation */
        /* In the positive delay case, the delay includes the cts
         * offset, and the second edit list entry below trims out
         * the same amount from the actual content. This makes sure
         * that the offset last sample is included in the edit
         * list duration as well. */
        if (version == 1) {
            avio_wb64(pb, delay);
            avio_wb64(pb, -1);
        } else {
            avio_wb32(pb, delay);
            avio_wb32(pb, -1);
        }
        avio_wb32(pb, 0x00010000);
    } else {
        /* Avoid accidentally ending up with start_ct = -1 which has got a
         * special meaning. Normally start_ct should end up positive or zero
         * here, but use FFMIN in case dts is a small positive integer
         * rounded to 0 when represented in MOV_TIMESCALE units. */
        av_assert0(av_rescale_rnd(start_dts, MOV_TIMESCALE, track->timescale, AV_ROUND_DOWN) <= 0);
        start_ct  = -FFMIN(start_dts, 0);
        /* Note, this delay is calculated from the pts of the first sample,
         * ensuring that we don't reduce the duration for cases with
         * dts<0 pts=0. */
        duration += delay;
    }

    /* For fragmented files, we don't know the full length yet. Setting
     * duration to 0 allows us to only specify the offset, including
     * the rest of the content (from all future fragments) without specifying
     * an explicit duration. */
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAGMENT)
        duration = 0;

    /* duration */
    if (version == 1) {
        avio_wb64(pb, duration);
        avio_wb64(pb, start_ct);
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, duration);
        avio_wb32(pb, start_ct);
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00010000);
    return size;
}

static int mov_write_tref_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 20);   // size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tref");
    avio_wb32(pb, 12);   // size (subatom)
    avio_wl32(pb, track->tref_tag);
    avio_wb32(pb, track->tref_id);
    return 20;
}

// goes at the end of each track!  ... Critical for PSP playback ("Incompatible data" without it)
static int mov_write_uuid_tag_psp(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *mov)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x34); /* size ... reports as 28 in mp4box! */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "uuid");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "USMT");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x21d24fce);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0xbb88695c);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0xfac9c740);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x1c);     // another size here!
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "MTDT");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00010012);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x0a);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x55c40000);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x1);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x0);
    return 0x34;
}

static int mov_write_udta_sdp(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    AVFormatContext *ctx = track->rtp_ctx;
    char buf[1000] = "";
    int len;

    ff_sdp_write_media(buf, sizeof(buf), ctx->streams[0], track->src_track,
                       NULL, NULL, 0, 0, ctx);
    av_strlcatf(buf, sizeof(buf), "a=control:streamid=%d\r\n", track->track_id);
    len = strlen(buf);

    avio_wb32(pb, len + 24);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "udta");
    avio_wb32(pb, len + 16);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "hnti");
    avio_wb32(pb, len + 8);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "sdp ");
    avio_write(pb, buf, len);
    return len + 24;
}

static int mov_write_track_metadata(AVIOContext *pb, AVStream *st,
                                    const char *tag, const char *str)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = av_dict_get(st->metadata, str, NULL, 0);
    if (!t || !utf8len(t->value))
        return 0;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);   /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, tag); /* type */
    avio_write(pb, t->value, strlen(t->value)); /* UTF8 string value */
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_track_udta_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                                    AVStream *st)
{
    AVIOContext *pb_buf;
    int ret, size;
    uint8_t *buf;

    if (!st)
        return 0;

    ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&pb_buf);
    if (ret < 0)
        return ret;

    if (mov->mode & (MODE_MP4|MODE_MOV))
        mov_write_track_metadata(pb_buf, st, "name", "title");

    if ((size = avio_get_dyn_buf(pb_buf, &buf)) > 0) {
        avio_wb32(pb, size + 8);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "udta");
        avio_write(pb, buf, size);
    }
    ffio_free_dyn_buf(&pb_buf);

    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_trak_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              MOVTrack *track, AVStream *st)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int entry_backup = track->entry;
    int chunk_backup = track->chunkCount;
    int ret;

    /* If we want to have an empty moov, but some samples already have been
     * buffered (delay_moov), pretend that no samples have been written yet. */
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_EMPTY_MOOV)
        track->chunkCount = track->entry = 0;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "trak");
    mov_write_tkhd_tag(pb, mov, track, st);

    av_assert2(mov->use_editlist >= 0);

    if (track->start_dts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        if (mov->use_editlist)
            mov_write_edts_tag(pb, mov, track);  // PSP Movies and several other cases require edts box
        else if ((track->entry && track->cluster[0].dts) || track->mode == MODE_PSP || is_clcp_track(track))
            av_log(mov->fc, AV_LOG_WARNING,
                   "Not writing any edit list even though one would have been required\n");
    }

    if (track->tref_tag)
        mov_write_tref_tag(pb, track);

    if ((ret = mov_write_mdia_tag(s, pb, mov, track)) < 0)
        return ret;
    if (track->mode == MODE_PSP)
        mov_write_uuid_tag_psp(pb, track); // PSP Movies require this uuid box
    if (track->tag == MKTAG('r','t','p',' '))
        mov_write_udta_sdp(pb, track);
    if (track->mode == MODE_MOV) {
        if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            double sample_aspect_ratio = av_q2d(st->sample_aspect_ratio);
            if (st->sample_aspect_ratio.num && 1.0 != sample_aspect_ratio) {
                mov_write_tapt_tag(pb, track);
            }
        }
        if (is_clcp_track(track) && st->sample_aspect_ratio.num) {
            mov_write_tapt_tag(pb, track);
        }
    }
    mov_write_track_udta_tag(pb, mov, st);
    track->entry = entry_backup;
    track->chunkCount = chunk_backup;
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_iods_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov)
{
    int i, has_audio = 0, has_video = 0;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int audio_profile = mov->iods_audio_profile;
    int video_profile = mov->iods_video_profile;
    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (mov->tracks[i].entry > 0 || mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_EMPTY_MOOV) {
            has_audio |= mov->tracks[i].par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO;
            has_video |= mov->tracks[i].par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO;
        }
    }
    if (audio_profile < 0)
        audio_profile = 0xFF - has_audio;
    if (video_profile < 0)
        video_profile = 0xFF - has_video;
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "iods");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);    /* version & flags */
    put_descr(pb, 0x10, 7);
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x004f);
    avio_w8(pb, 0xff);
    avio_w8(pb, 0xff);
    avio_w8(pb, audio_profile);
    avio_w8(pb, video_profile);
    avio_w8(pb, 0xff);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_trex_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVTrack *track)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x20); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "trex");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);   /* version & flags */
    avio_wb32(pb, track->track_id); /* track ID */
    avio_wb32(pb, 1);   /* default sample description index */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);   /* default sample duration */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);   /* default sample size */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);   /* default sample flags */
    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_mvex_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int i;
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mvex");
    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++)
        mov_write_trex_tag(pb, &mov->tracks[i]);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_mvhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov)
{
    int max_track_id = 1, i;
    int64_t max_track_len = 0;
    int version;

    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (mov->tracks[i].entry > 0 && mov->tracks[i].timescale) {
            int64_t max_track_len_temp = av_rescale_rnd(
                                                calc_pts_duration(mov, &mov->tracks[i]),
                                                MOV_TIMESCALE,
                                                mov->tracks[i].timescale,
                                                AV_ROUND_UP);
            if (max_track_len < max_track_len_temp)
                max_track_len = max_track_len_temp;
            if (max_track_id < mov->tracks[i].track_id)
                max_track_id = mov->tracks[i].track_id;
        }
    }
    /* If using delay_moov, make sure the output is the same as if no
     * samples had been written yet. */
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_EMPTY_MOOV) {
        max_track_len = 0;
        max_track_id  = 1;
    }

    version = max_track_len < UINT32_MAX ? 0 : 1;
    avio_wb32(pb, version == 1 ? 120 : 108); /* size */

    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mvhd");
    avio_w8(pb, version);
    avio_wb24(pb, 0); /* flags */
    if (version == 1) {
        avio_wb64(pb, mov->time);
        avio_wb64(pb, mov->time);
    } else {
        avio_wb32(pb, mov->time); /* creation time */
        avio_wb32(pb, mov->time); /* modification time */
    }
    avio_wb32(pb, MOV_TIMESCALE);
    (version == 1) ? avio_wb64(pb, max_track_len) : avio_wb32(pb, max_track_len); /* duration of longest track */

    avio_wb32(pb, 0x00010000); /* reserved (preferred rate) 1.0 = normal */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x0100); /* reserved (preferred volume) 1.0 = normal */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved */

    /* Matrix structure */
    write_matrix(pb, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved (preview time) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved (preview duration) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved (poster time) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved (selection time) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved (selection duration) */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* reserved (current time) */
    avio_wb32(pb, max_track_id + 1); /* Next track id */
    return 0x6c;
}

static int mov_write_itunes_hdlr_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                                     AVFormatContext *s)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 33); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "hdlr");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mdir");
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "appl");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_w8(pb, 0);
    return 33;
}

/* helper function to write a data tag with the specified string as data */
static int mov_write_string_data_tag(AVIOContext *pb, const char *data, int lang, int long_style)
{
    if (long_style) {
        int size = 16 + strlen(data);
        avio_wb32(pb, size); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "data");
        avio_wb32(pb, 1);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);
        avio_write(pb, data, strlen(data));
        return size;
    } else {
        if (!lang)
            lang = ff_mov_iso639_to_lang("und", 1);
        avio_wb16(pb, strlen(data)); /* string length */
        avio_wb16(pb, lang);
        avio_write(pb, data, strlen(data));
        return strlen(data) + 4;
    }
}

static int mov_write_string_tag(AVIOContext *pb, const char *name,
                                const char *value, int lang, int long_style)
{
    int size = 0;
    if (value && value[0]) {
        int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, name);
        mov_write_string_data_tag(pb, value, lang, long_style);
        size = update_size(pb, pos);
    }
    return size;
}

static AVDictionaryEntry *get_metadata_lang(AVFormatContext *s,
                                            const char *tag, int *lang)
{
    int l, len, len2;
    AVDictionaryEntry *t, *t2 = NULL;
    char tag2[16];

    *lang = 0;

    if (!(t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, tag, NULL, 0)))
        return NULL;

    len = strlen(t->key);
    snprintf(tag2, sizeof(tag2), "%s-", tag);
    while ((t2 = av_dict_get(s->metadata, tag2, t2, AV_DICT_IGNORE_SUFFIX))) {
        len2 = strlen(t2->key);
        if (len2 == len + 4 && !strcmp(t->value, t2->value)
            && (l = ff_mov_iso639_to_lang(&t2->key[len2 - 3], 1)) >= 0) {
            *lang = l;
            return t;
        }
    }
    return t;
}

static int mov_write_string_metadata(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb,
                                     const char *name, const char *tag,
                                     int long_style)
{
    int lang;
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = get_metadata_lang(s, tag, &lang);
    if (!t)
        return 0;
    return mov_write_string_tag(pb, name, t->value, lang, long_style);
}

/* iTunes bpm number */
static int mov_write_tmpo_tag(AVIOContext *pb, AVFormatContext *s)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "tmpo", NULL, 0);
    int size = 0, tmpo = t ? atoi(t->value) : 0;
    if (tmpo) {
        size = 26;
        avio_wb32(pb, size);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tmpo");
        avio_wb32(pb, size-8); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "data");
        avio_wb32(pb, 0x15);  //type specifier
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);
        avio_wb16(pb, tmpo);        // data
    }
    return size;
}

/* 3GPP TS 26.244 */
static int mov_write_loci_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb)
{
    int lang;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    double latitude, longitude, altitude;
    int32_t latitude_fix, longitude_fix, altitude_fix;
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = get_metadata_lang(s, "location", &lang);
    const char *ptr, *place = "";
    char *end;
    static const char *astronomical_body = "earth";
    if (!t)
        return 0;

    ptr = t->value;
    longitude = strtod(ptr, &end);
    if (end == ptr) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "malformed location metadata\n");
        return 0;
    }
    ptr = end;
    latitude = strtod(ptr, &end);
    if (end == ptr) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_WARNING, "malformed location metadata\n");
        return 0;
    }
    ptr = end;
    altitude = strtod(ptr, &end);
    /* If no altitude was present, the default 0 should be fine */
    if (*end == '/')
        place = end + 1;

    latitude_fix  = (int32_t) ((1 << 16) * latitude);
    longitude_fix = (int32_t) ((1 << 16) * longitude);
    altitude_fix  = (int32_t) ((1 << 16) * altitude);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);         /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "loci"); /* type */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);         /* version + flags */
    avio_wb16(pb, lang);
    avio_write(pb, place, strlen(place) + 1);
    avio_w8(pb, 0);           /* role of place (0 == shooting location, 1 == real location, 2 == fictional location) */
    avio_wb32(pb, latitude_fix);
    avio_wb32(pb, longitude_fix);
    avio_wb32(pb, altitude_fix);
    avio_write(pb, astronomical_body, strlen(astronomical_body) + 1);
    avio_w8(pb, 0);           /* additional notes, null terminated string */

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* iTunes track or disc number */
static int mov_write_trkn_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              AVFormatContext *s, int disc)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = av_dict_get(s->metadata,
                                       disc ? "disc" : "track",
                                       NULL, 0);
    int size = 0, track = t ? atoi(t->value) : 0;
    if (track) {
        int tracks = 0;
        char *slash = strchr(t->value, '/');
        if (slash)
            tracks = atoi(slash + 1);
        avio_wb32(pb, 32); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, disc ? "disk" : "trkn");
        avio_wb32(pb, 24); /* size */
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "data");
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);        // 8 bytes empty
        avio_wb32(pb, 0);
        avio_wb16(pb, 0);        // empty
        avio_wb16(pb, track);    // track / disc number
        avio_wb16(pb, tracks);   // total track / disc number
        avio_wb16(pb, 0);        // empty
        size = 32;
    }
    return size;
}

static int mov_write_int8_metadata(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb,
                                   const char *name, const char *tag,
                                   int len)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = NULL;
    uint8_t num;
    int size = 24 + len;

    if (len != 1 && len != 4)
        return -1;

    if (!(t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, tag, NULL, 0)))
        return 0;
    num = atoi(t->value);

    avio_wb32(pb, size);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, name);
    avio_wb32(pb, size - 8);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "data");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x15);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    if (len==4) avio_wb32(pb, num);
    else        avio_w8 (pb, num);

    return size;
}

static int mov_write_covr(AVIOContext *pb, AVFormatContext *s)
{
    MOVMuxContext *mov = s->priv_data;
    int64_t pos = 0;
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
        MOVTrack *trk = &mov->tracks[i];

        if (!is_cover_image(trk->st) || trk->cover_image.size <= 0)
            continue;

        if (!pos) {
            pos = avio_tell(pb);
            avio_wb32(pb, 0);
            ffio_wfourcc(pb, "covr");
        }
        avio_wb32(pb, 16 + trk->cover_image.size);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "data");
        avio_wb32(pb, trk->tag);
        avio_wb32(pb , 0);
        avio_write(pb, trk->cover_image.data, trk->cover_image.size);
    }

    return pos ? update_size(pb, pos) : 0;
}

/* iTunes meta data list */
static int mov_write_ilst_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              AVFormatContext *s)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ilst");
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251nam", "title"    , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251ART", "artist"   , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "aART", "album_artist", 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251wrt", "composer" , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251alb", "album"    , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251day", "date"     , 1);
    if (!mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251too", "encoding_tool", 1)) {
        if (!(s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_BITEXACT))
            mov_write_string_tag(pb, "\251too", LIBAVFORMAT_IDENT, 0, 1);
    }
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251cmt", "comment"  , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251gen", "genre"    , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "cprt",    "copyright", 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251grp", "grouping" , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "\251lyr", "lyrics"   , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "desc",    "description",1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "ldes",    "synopsis" , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "tvsh",    "show"     , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "tven",    "episode_id",1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "tvnn",    "network"  , 1);
    mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb, "keyw",    "keywords"  , 1);
    mov_write_int8_metadata  (s, pb, "tves",    "episode_sort",4);
    mov_write_int8_metadata  (s, pb, "tvsn",    "season_number",4);
    mov_write_int8_metadata  (s, pb, "stik",    "media_type",1);
    mov_write_int8_metadata  (s, pb, "hdvd",    "hd_video",  1);
    mov_write_int8_metadata  (s, pb, "pgap",    "gapless_playback",1);
    mov_write_int8_metadata  (s, pb, "cpil",    "compilation", 1);
    mov_write_covr(pb, s);
    mov_write_trkn_tag(pb, mov, s, 0); // track number
    mov_write_trkn_tag(pb, mov, s, 1); // disc number
    mov_write_tmpo_tag(pb, s);
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_mdta_hdlr_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                                   AVFormatContext *s)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 33); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "hdlr");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mdta");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_w8(pb, 0);
    return 33;
}

static int mov_write_mdta_keys_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                                   AVFormatContext *s)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = NULL;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int64_t curpos, entry_pos;
    int count = 0;

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "keys");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    entry_pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* entry count */

    while (t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "", t, AV_DICT_IGNORE_SUFFIX)) {
        avio_wb32(pb, strlen(t->key) + 8);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mdta");
        avio_write(pb, t->key, strlen(t->key));
        count += 1;
    }
    curpos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_seek(pb, entry_pos, SEEK_SET);
    avio_wb32(pb, count); // rewrite entry count
    avio_seek(pb, curpos, SEEK_SET);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_mdta_ilst_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                                   AVFormatContext *s)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = NULL;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int count = 1; /* keys are 1-index based */

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "ilst");

    while (t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "", t, AV_DICT_IGNORE_SUFFIX)) {
        int64_t entry_pos = avio_tell(pb);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
        avio_wb32(pb, count); /* key */
        mov_write_string_data_tag(pb, t->value, 0, 1);
        update_size(pb, entry_pos);
        count += 1;
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

/* meta data tags */
static int mov_write_meta_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              AVFormatContext *s)
{
    int size = 0;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "meta");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_USE_MDTA) {
        mov_write_mdta_hdlr_tag(pb, mov, s);
        mov_write_mdta_keys_tag(pb, mov, s);
        mov_write_mdta_ilst_tag(pb, mov, s);
    }
    else {
        /* iTunes metadata tag */
        mov_write_itunes_hdlr_tag(pb, mov, s);
        mov_write_ilst_tag(pb, mov, s);
    }
    size = update_size(pb, pos);
    return size;
}

static int mov_write_raw_metadata_tag(AVFormatContext *s, AVIOContext *pb,
                                      const char *name, const char *key)
{
    int len;
    AVDictionaryEntry *t;

    if (!(t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, key, NULL, 0)))
        return 0;

    len = strlen(t->value);
    if (len > 0) {
        int size = len + 8;
        avio_wb32(pb, size);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, name);
        avio_write(pb, t->value, len);
        return size;
    }
    return 0;
}

static int ascii_to_wc(AVIOContext *pb, const uint8_t *b)
{
    int val;
    while (*b) {
        GET_UTF8(val, *b++, return -1;)
        avio_wb16(pb, val);
    }
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x00);
    return 0;
}

static uint16_t language_code(const char *str)
{
    return (((str[0] - 0x60) & 0x1F) << 10) +
           (((str[1] - 0x60) & 0x1F) <<  5) +
           (( str[2] - 0x60) & 0x1F);
}

static int mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(AVIOContext *pb, AVFormatContext *s,
                                  const char *tag, const char *str)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    AVDictionaryEntry *t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, str, NULL, 0);
    if (!t || !utf8len(t->value))
        return 0;
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);   /* size */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, tag); /* type */
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);   /* version + flags */
    if (!strcmp(tag, "yrrc"))
        avio_wb16(pb, atoi(t->value));
    else {
        avio_wb16(pb, language_code("eng")); /* language */
        avio_write(pb, t->value, strlen(t->value) + 1); /* UTF8 string value */
        if (!strcmp(tag, "albm") &&
            (t = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "track", NULL, 0)))
            avio_w8(pb, atoi(t->value));
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_chpl_tag(AVIOContext *pb, AVFormatContext *s)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int i, nb_chapters = FFMIN(s->nb_chapters, 255);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);            // size
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "chpl");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0x01000000);   // version + flags
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);            // unknown
    avio_w8(pb, nb_chapters);

    for (i = 0; i < nb_chapters; i++) {
        AVChapter *c = s->chapters[i];
        AVDictionaryEntry *t;
        avio_wb64(pb, av_rescale_q(c->start, c->time_base, (AVRational){1,10000000}));

        if ((t = av_dict_get(c->metadata, "title", NULL, 0))) {
            int len = FFMIN(strlen(t->value), 255);
            avio_w8(pb, len);
            avio_write(pb, t->value, len);
        } else
            avio_w8(pb, 0);
    }
    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_udta_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              AVFormatContext *s)
{
    AVIOContext *pb_buf;
    int ret, size;
    uint8_t *buf;

    ret = avio_open_dyn_buf(&pb_buf);
    if (ret < 0)
        return ret;

    if (mov->mode & MODE_3GP) {
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "perf", "artist");
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "titl", "title");
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "auth", "author");
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "gnre", "genre");
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "dscp", "comment");
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "albm", "album");
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "cprt", "copyright");
        mov_write_3gp_udta_tag(pb_buf, s, "yrrc", "date");
        mov_write_loci_tag(s, pb_buf);
    } else if (mov->mode == MODE_MOV && !(mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_USE_MDTA)) { // the title field breaks gtkpod with mp4 and my suspicion is that stuff is not valid in mp4
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251ART", "artist",      0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251nam", "title",       0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251aut", "author",      0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251alb", "album",       0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251day", "date",        0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251swr", "encoder",     0);
        // currently ignored by mov.c
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251des", "comment",     0);
        // add support for libquicktime, this atom is also actually read by mov.c
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251cmt", "comment",     0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251gen", "genre",       0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251cpy", "copyright",   0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251mak", "make",        0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251mod", "model",       0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251xyz", "location",    0);
        mov_write_string_metadata(s, pb_buf, "\251key", "keywords",    0);
        mov_write_raw_metadata_tag(s, pb_buf, "XMP_", "xmp");
    } else {
        /* iTunes meta data */
        mov_write_meta_tag(pb_buf, mov, s);
        mov_write_loci_tag(s, pb_buf);
    }

    if (s->nb_chapters && !(mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_DISABLE_CHPL))
        mov_write_chpl_tag(pb_buf, s);

    if ((size = avio_get_dyn_buf(pb_buf, &buf)) > 0) {
        avio_wb32(pb, size + 8);
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "udta");
        avio_write(pb, buf, size);
    }
    ffio_free_dyn_buf(&pb_buf);

    return 0;
}

static void mov_write_psp_udta_tag(AVIOContext *pb,
                                   const char *str, const char *lang, int type)
{
    int len = utf8len(str) + 1;
    if (len <= 0)
        return;
    avio_wb16(pb, len * 2 + 10);        /* size */
    avio_wb32(pb, type);                /* type */
    avio_wb16(pb, language_code(lang)); /* language */
    avio_wb16(pb, 0x01);                /* ? */
    ascii_to_wc(pb, str);
}

static int mov_write_uuidusmt_tag(AVIOContext *pb, AVFormatContext *s)
{
    AVDictionaryEntry *title = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "title", NULL, 0);
    int64_t pos, pos2;

    if (title) {
        pos = avio_tell(pb);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size placeholder*/
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "uuid");
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "USMT");
        avio_wb32(pb, 0x21d24fce); /* 96 bit UUID */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0xbb88695c);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0xfac9c740);

        pos2 = avio_tell(pb);
        avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size placeholder*/
        ffio_wfourcc(pb, "MTDT");
        avio_wb16(pb, 4);

        // ?
        avio_wb16(pb, 0x0C);                 /* size */
        avio_wb32(pb, 0x0B);                 /* type */
        avio_wb16(pb, language_code("und")); /* language */
        avio_wb16(pb, 0x0);                  /* ? */
        avio_wb16(pb, 0x021C);               /* data */

        if (!(s->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_BITEXACT))
            mov_write_psp_udta_tag(pb, LIBAVCODEC_IDENT,      "eng", 0x04);
        mov_write_psp_udta_tag(pb, title->value,          "eng", 0x01);
        mov_write_psp_udta_tag(pb, "2006/04/01 11:11:11", "und", 0x03);

        update_size(pb, pos2);
        return update_size(pb, pos);
    }

    return 0;
}

static void build_chunks(MOVTrack *trk)
{
    int i;
    MOVIentry *chunk = &trk->cluster[0];
    uint64_t chunkSize = chunk->size;
    chunk->chunkNum = 1;
    if (trk->chunkCount)
        return;
    trk->chunkCount = 1;
    for (i = 1; i<trk->entry; i++){
        if (chunk->pos + chunkSize == trk->cluster[i].pos &&
            chunkSize + trk->cluster[i].size < (1<<20)){
            chunkSize             += trk->cluster[i].size;
            chunk->samples_in_chunk += trk->cluster[i].entries;
        } else {
            trk->cluster[i].chunkNum = chunk->chunkNum+1;
            chunk=&trk->cluster[i];
            chunkSize = chunk->size;
            trk->chunkCount++;
        }
    }
}

/**
 * Assign track ids. If option "use_stream_ids_as_track_ids" is set,
 * the stream ids are used as track ids.
 *
 * This assumes mov->tracks and s->streams are in the same order and
 * there are no gaps in either of them (so mov->tracks[n] refers to
 * s->streams[n]).
 *
 * As an exception, there can be more entries in
 * s->streams than in mov->tracks, in which case new track ids are
 * generated (starting after the largest found stream id).
 */
static int mov_setup_track_ids(MOVMuxContext *mov, AVFormatContext *s)
{
    int i;

    if (mov->track_ids_ok)
        return 0;

    if (mov->use_stream_ids_as_track_ids) {
        int next_generated_track_id = 0;
        for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
            if (s->streams[i]->id > next_generated_track_id)
                next_generated_track_id = s->streams[i]->id;
        }

        for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
            if (mov->tracks[i].entry <= 0 && !(mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAGMENT))
                continue;

            mov->tracks[i].track_id = i >= s->nb_streams ? ++next_generated_track_id : s->streams[i]->id;
        }
    } else {
        for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
            if (mov->tracks[i].entry <= 0 && !(mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAGMENT))
                continue;

            mov->tracks[i].track_id = i + 1;
        }
    }

    mov->track_ids_ok = 1;

    return 0;
}

static int mov_write_moov_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              AVFormatContext *s)
{
    int i;
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size placeholder*/
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "moov");

    mov_setup_track_ids(mov, s);

    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (mov->tracks[i].entry <= 0 && !(mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAGMENT))
            continue;

        mov->tracks[i].time     = mov->time;

        if (mov->tracks[i].entry)
            build_chunks(&mov->tracks[i]);
    }

    if (mov->chapter_track)
        for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
            mov->tracks[i].tref_tag = MKTAG('c','h','a','p');
            mov->tracks[i].tref_id  = mov->tracks[mov->chapter_track].track_id;
        }
    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
        MOVTrack *track = &mov->tracks[i];
        if (track->tag == MKTAG('r','t','p',' ')) {
            track->tref_tag = MKTAG('h','i','n','t');
            track->tref_id = mov->tracks[track->src_track].track_id;
        } else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
            int * fallback, size;
            fallback = (int*)av_stream_get_side_data(track->st,
                                                     AV_PKT_DATA_FALLBACK_TRACK,
                                                     &size);
            if (fallback != NULL && size == sizeof(int)) {
                if (*fallback >= 0 && *fallback < mov->nb_streams) {
                    track->tref_tag = MKTAG('f','a','l','l');
                    track->tref_id = mov->tracks[*fallback].track_id;
                }
            }
        }
    }
    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (mov->tracks[i].tag == MKTAG('t','m','c','d')) {
            int src_trk = mov->tracks[i].src_track;
            mov->tracks[src_trk].tref_tag = mov->tracks[i].tag;
            mov->tracks[src_trk].tref_id  = mov->tracks[i].track_id;
            //src_trk may have a different timescale than the tmcd track
            mov->tracks[i].track_duration = av_rescale(mov->tracks[src_trk].track_duration,
                                                       mov->tracks[i].timescale,
                                                       mov->tracks[src_trk].timescale);
        }
    }

    mov_write_mvhd_tag(pb, mov);
    if (mov->mode != MODE_MOV && !mov->iods_skip)
        mov_write_iods_tag(pb, mov);
    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
        if (mov->tracks[i].entry > 0 || mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAGMENT) {
            int ret = mov_write_trak_tag(s, pb, mov, &(mov->tracks[i]), i < s->nb_streams ? s->streams[i] : NULL);
            if (ret < 0)
                return ret;
        }
    }
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_FRAGMENT)
        mov_write_mvex_tag(pb, mov); /* QuickTime requires trak to precede this */

    if (mov->mode == MODE_PSP)
        mov_write_uuidusmt_tag(pb, s);
    else
        mov_write_udta_tag(pb, mov, s);

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static void param_write_int(AVIOContext *pb, const char *name, int value)
{
    avio_printf(pb, "<param name=\"%s\" value=\"%d\" valuetype=\"data\"/>\n", name, value);
}

static void param_write_string(AVIOContext *pb, const char *name, const char *value)
{
    avio_printf(pb, "<param name=\"%s\" value=\"%s\" valuetype=\"data\"/>\n", name, value);
}

static void param_write_hex(AVIOContext *pb, const char *name, const uint8_t *value, int len)
{
    char buf[150];
    len = FFMIN(sizeof(buf) / 2 - 1, len);
    ff_data_to_hex(buf, value, len, 0);
    buf[2 * len] = '\0';
    avio_printf(pb, "<param name=\"%s\" value=\"%s\" valuetype=\"data\"/>\n", name, buf);
}

static int mov_write_isml_manifest(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov, AVFormatContext *s)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    int i;

    static const uint8_t uuid[] = {
        0xa5, 0xd4, 0x0b, 0x30, 0xe8, 0x14, 0x11, 0xdd,
        0xba, 0x2f, 0x08, 0x00, 0x20, 0x0c, 0x9a, 0x66
    };

    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "uuid");
    avio_write(pb, uuid, sizeof(uuid));
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);

    avio_printf(pb, "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\n");
    avio_printf(pb, "<smil xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/SMIL20/Language\">\n");
    avio_printf(pb, "<head>\n");
    if (!(mov->fc->flags & AVFMT_FLAG_BITEXACT))
        avio_printf(pb, "<meta name=\"creator\" content=\"%s\" />\n",
                    LIBAVFORMAT_IDENT);
    avio_printf(pb, "</head>\n");
    avio_printf(pb, "<body>\n");
    avio_printf(pb, "<switch>\n");

    mov_setup_track_ids(mov, s);

    for (i = 0; i < mov->nb_streams; i++) {
        MOVTrack *track = &mov->tracks[i];
        struct mpeg4_bit_rate_values bit_rates =
            calculate_mpeg4_bit_rates(track);
        const char *type;
        int track_id = track->track_id;
        char track_name_buf[32] = { 0 };

        AVStream *st = track->st;
        AVDictionaryEntry *lang = av_dict_get(st->metadata, "language", NULL,0);

        if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO && !is_cover_image(st)) {
            type = "video";
        } else if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO) {
            type = "audio";
        } else {
            continue;
        }

        avio_printf(pb, "<%s systemBitrate=\"%"PRIu32"\">\n", type,
                    bit_rates.avg_bit_rate);
        param_write_int(pb, "systemBitrate", bit_rates.avg_bit_rate);
        param_write_int(pb, "trackID", track_id);
        param_write_string(pb, "systemLanguage", lang ? lang->value : "und");

        /* Build track name piece by piece: */
        /* 1. track type */
        av_strlcat(track_name_buf, type, sizeof(track_name_buf));
        /* 2. track language, if available */
        if (lang)
            av_strlcatf(track_name_buf, sizeof(track_name_buf),
                        "_%s", lang->value);
        /* 3. special type suffix */
        /* "_cc" = closed captions, "_ad" = audio_description */
        if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_HEARING_IMPAIRED)
            av_strlcat(track_name_buf, "_cc", sizeof(track_name_buf));
        else if (st->disposition & AV_DISPOSITION_VISUAL_IMPAIRED)
            av_strlcat(track_name_buf, "_ad", sizeof(track_name_buf));

        param_write_string(pb, "trackName", track_name_buf);

        if (track->par->codec_type == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
            if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_H264) {
                uint8_t *ptr;
                int size = track->par->extradata_size;
                if (!ff_avc_write_annexb_extradata(track->par->extradata, &ptr,
                                                   &size)) {
                    param_write_hex(pb, "CodecPrivateData",
                                    ptr ? ptr : track->par->extradata,
                                    size);
                    av_free(ptr);
                }
                param_write_string(pb, "FourCC", "H264");
            } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_VC1) {
                param_write_string(pb, "FourCC", "WVC1");
                param_write_hex(pb, "CodecPrivateData", track->par->extradata,
                                track->par->extradata_size);
            }
            param_write_int(pb, "MaxWidth", track->par->width);
            param_write_int(pb, "MaxHeight", track->par->height);
            param_write_int(pb, "DisplayWidth", track->par->width);
            param_write_int(pb, "DisplayHeight", track->par->height);
        } else {
            if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_AAC) {
                switch (track->par->profile)
                {
                    case FF_PROFILE_AAC_HE_V2:
                        param_write_string(pb, "FourCC", "AACP");
                        break;
                    case FF_PROFILE_AAC_HE:
                        param_write_string(pb, "FourCC", "AACH");
                        break;
                    default:
                        param_write_string(pb, "FourCC", "AACL");
                }
            } else if (track->par->codec_id == AV_CODEC_ID_WMAPRO) {
                param_write_string(pb, "FourCC", "WMAP");
            }
            param_write_hex(pb, "CodecPrivateData", track->par->extradata,
                            track->par->extradata_size);
            param_write_int(pb, "AudioTag", ff_codec_get_tag(ff_codec_wav_tags,
                                                             track->par->codec_id));
            param_write_int(pb, "Channels", track->par->channels);
            param_write_int(pb, "SamplingRate", track->par->sample_rate);
            param_write_int(pb, "BitsPerSample", 16);
            param_write_int(pb, "PacketSize", track->par->block_align ?
                                              track->par->block_align : 4);
        }
        avio_printf(pb, "</%s>\n", type);
    }
    avio_printf(pb, "</switch>\n");
    avio_printf(pb, "</body>\n");
    avio_printf(pb, "</smil>\n");

    return update_size(pb, pos);
}

static int mov_write_mfhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov)
{
    avio_wb32(pb, 16);
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "mfhd");
    avio_wb32(pb, 0);
    avio_wb32(pb, mov->fragments);
    return 0;
}

static uint32_t get_sample_flags(MOVTrack *track, MOVIentry *entry)
{
    return entry->flags & MOV_SYNC_SAMPLE ? MOV_FRAG_SAMPLE_FLAG_DEPENDS_NO :
           (MOV_FRAG_SAMPLE_FLAG_DEPENDS_YES | MOV_FRAG_SAMPLE_FLAG_IS_NON_SYNC);
}

static int mov_write_tfhd_tag(AVIOContext *pb, MOVMuxContext *mov,
                              MOVTrack *track, int64_t moof_offset)
{
    int64_t pos = avio_tell(pb);
    uint32_t flags = MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_SIZE | MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_DURATION |
                     MOV_TFHD_BASE_DATA_OFFSET;
    if (!track->entry) {
        flags |= MOV_TFHD_DURATION_IS_EMPTY;
    } else {
        flags |= MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_FLAGS;
    }
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_OMIT_TFHD_OFFSET)
        flags &= ~MOV_TFHD_BASE_DATA_OFFSET;
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_DEFAULT_BASE_MOOF) {
        flags &= ~MOV_TFHD_BASE_DATA_OFFSET;
        flags |= MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_BASE_IS_MOOF;
    }
    /* CMAF requires all values to be explicit in tfhd atoms */
    if (mov->flags & FF_MOV_FLAG_CMAF)
        flags |= MOV_TFHD_STSD_ID;

    /* Don't set a default sample size, the silverlight player refuses
     * to play files with that set. Don't set a default sample duration,
     * WMP freaks out if it is set. Don't set a base data offset, PIFF
     * file format says it MUST NOT be set. */
    if (track->mode == MODE_ISM)
        flags &= ~(MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_SIZE | MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_DURATION |
                   MOV_TFHD_BASE_DATA_OFFSET | MOV_TFHD_STSD_ID);

    avio_wb32(pb, 0); /* size placeholder */
    ffio_wfourcc(pb, "tfhd");
    avio_w8(pb, 0); /* version */
    avio_wb24(pb, flags);

    avio_wb32(pb, track->track_id); /* track-id */
    if (flags & MOV_TFHD_BASE_DATA_OFFSET)
        avio_wb64(pb, moof_offset);
    if (flags & MOV_TFHD_STSD_ID) {
        avio_wb32(pb, 1);
    }
    if (flags & MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_DURATION) {
        track->default_duration = get_cluster_duration(track, 0);
        avio_wb32(pb, track->default_duration);
    }
    if (flags & MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_SIZE) {
        track->default_size = track->entry ? track->cluster[0].size : 1;
        avio_wb32(pb, track->default_size);
    } else
        track->default_size = -1;

    if (flags & MOV_TFHD_DEFAULT_FLAGS) {
        /* Set the default flags based on the second sample, if available.
         * If the first sample is different, that can be signaled via a separate field. */
        if (track->entry > 1)
            track->default_sample_flags = get_sample_flags(track, &t